Full Test Bank Chapter 3 Presenting The Speech

Chapter 3 Presenting the Speech

Multiple Choice

1. What is a characteristic of an effective delivery?

a. It has a clear thesis and purpose.

b. It has a distinct introduction, body, and conclusion.

c. It is natural and uncontrived.

d. It is choreographed.

Learning Objective: 3.1 Identify the characteristics of effective speech delivery.

Topic: Characteristics of Effective Presentation

Difficulty Level: Easy

Skill Level: Remember the Facts

2. What statement is an accurate description of effective speech delivery?

a. The audience should be able to notice your excellent delivery skills.

b. Too smooth of a delivery will detract from your message.

c. Effective delivery leads listeners to believe that the speaker is different from them.

d. Effective delivery helps the audience remember the speech.

Learning Objective: 3.1 Identify the characteristics of effective speech delivery.

Topic: Characteristics of Effective Presentation

Difficulty Level: Easy

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

3. One way a speaker can identify with his or her listeners is to __________.

a. demonstrate empathy

b. create controversy

c. focus on persuasion

d. invoke ethnocentrism

Learning Objective: 3.1 Identify the characteristics of effective speech delivery.

Topic: Characteristics of Effective Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

4. Which of these speakers is showing empathy with the listeners?

a. Jeremy used colorful charts so the audience could easily understand the complex data.

b. Emily told the audience she knew exactly how they felt because she had also been the victim of a drunk driver.

c. William explained to the board that he was an expert in the field and had seen this issue in other communities.

d. Carlotta made eye contact with her audience before beginning her speech.

Learning Objective: 3.1 Identify the characteristics of effective speech delivery.

Topic: Characteristics of Effective Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Apply What You Know

5. When Eugene began talking faster to add excitement to a story in his speech, he was using the __________ dimension of vocal delivery.

a. empathy

b. rate

c. volume

d. pitch

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Apply What You Know

6. When a room is too large, you can enhance the volume of your voice by using __________.

a. amplification

b. resonance

c. projection

d. higher pitch

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

7. A speaker uses a microphone to enhance the __________ of his or her voice.

a. pitch

b. rate

c. inflection

d. amplification

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

8. What is considered the most distracting pitch a speaker can use?

a. personification

b. amplification

c. monotone

d. enunciation

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Easy

Skill Level: Remember the Facts

9. One way to understand the __________ of speech is to remember that a soprano voice is higher than a bass voice in music.

a. pitch

b. articulation

c. rate

d. volume

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

10. Most speakers notice a difference in their voices when they hear themselves on a recording. The voice on the recording seems to have a __________.

a. slower rate

b. higher pitch

c. higher volume

d. faster rate

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Easy

Skill Level: Remember the Facts

11. When considering the rate of speech, speakers should remember that __________.

a. persuasive speakers talk at a speed that is faster than average.

b. persuasive speakers talk at a speed that is slower than average.

c. regional differences in speech rates are getting larger.

d. successful speakers vary considerably in their rate of speech.

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

12. What dimension of voice contributes to a speech by helping the speaker mark transitions and emphasize what has been said?

a. inflection

b. pitch

c. rate

d. pauses

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

13. Distracting sounds such as “umm” and “uh” that a speaker inadvertently uses are known as __________.

a. monotones

b. vocalized pauses

c. empathy response

d. amplification

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

14. James opened his speech by saying, “Today I, uh, want to, umm, talk about, like, how, y’know, how violent our schools have, like become.” James is having trouble with __________.

a. enunciation

b. monotones

c. pronunciation

d. vocalized pauses

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Apply What You Know

15. Many people drop the final “g” from words. They say “goin” instead of “going” or “stayin” instead of “staying.” This habit is an example of poor __________.

a. monotone

b. articulation

c. pitch

d. pronunciation

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

16. Which of these speakers is using poor enunciation?

a. Derek remarked, “Living quietly is, umm, one of the most, er, compelling things to do.”

b. Ryan shouted, “Where will you live after college?”

c. Maddie said, “You might call it a bubbler, but I call it a drinking fountain.”

d. Carol said, “I’m gonna prove to you that eating healthy is the best choice.”

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Apply What You Know

17. When the class gave Corinne feedback on her speech, they said she often emphasized the wrong syllable in the words she used. This feedback focuses on __________.

a. pronunciation

b. rate

c. grammar

d. enunciation

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Apply What You Know

18. It is common to hear words pronounced slightly differently when traveling around the United States. This difference reflects the local __________.

a. inflection

b. dialect

c. enunciation

d. monotone

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

19. Appropriate inflection can have the effect of __________.

a. damaging the speaker’s credibility

b. distracting the listeners’ attention

c. distorting the message

d. enhancing the speaker’s message

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Easy

Skill Level: Remember the Facts

20. Listeners’ first impressions of the speaker are based on __________.

a. vocal qualities

b. pronunciation

c. body movements

d. audience analysis

Learning Objective: 3.3 Demonstrate how the speaker’s body—physical appearance, movement, gesture, and facial expression—can help make the presentation effective.

Topic: The Body in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Easy

Skill Level: Remember the Facts

21. Jill was immediately unimpressed with the speaker when she saw how sloppily he was dressed. This demonstrates how the speaker’s clothing can affect the speaker’s __________.

a. ethos

b. logos

c. monos

d. pathos

Learning Objective: 3.3 Demonstrate how the speaker’s body—physical appearance, movement, gesture, and facial expression—can help make the presentation effective.

Topic: The Body in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Apply What You Know

22. Kevin is giving a speech next week to his business class. What is appropriate dress for a classroom speech?

a. Scrubs

b. Sweatpants and hoodie

c. Tuxedo/formal gown

d. Slacks and a polo shirt

Learning Objective: 3.3 Demonstrate how the speaker’s body—physical appearance, movement, gesture, and facial expression—can help make the presentation effective.

Topic: The Body in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Apply What You Know

23. What is good advice for a speaker’s use of movement?

a. Stay directly behind the podium at all times because it communicates stability to the audience.

b. Move around the room as much as possible, stopping only to mark transitions in the speech.

c. Keep one hand in your pocket to convey a sense of comfort and ease to the audience.

d. Move toward the audience to emphasize a point and promote a connection with your listeners.

Learning Objective: 3.3 Demonstrate how the speaker’s body—physical appearance, movement, gesture, and facial expression—can help make the presentation effective.

Topic: The Body in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Difficult

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

24. Collin held up two fingers as he said, “The second step in the process is to tighten the bolt.” Which step of using a gesture does this illustrate?

a. accommodation

b. relaxation

c. anticipation

d. implementation

Learning Objective: 3.3 Demonstrate how the speaker’s body—physical appearance, movement, gesture, and facial expression—can help make the presentation effective.

Topic: The Body in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Apply What You Know

25. The most important aspect of facial expression is __________.

a. making eye contact

b. smiling

c. eyebrow raising

d. smirking

Learning Objective: 3.3 Demonstrate how the speaker’s body—physical appearance, movement, gesture, and facial expression—can help make the presentation effective.

Topic: The Body in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

26. What is the best advice for maintaining eye contact when speaking to a large audience?

a. Focus just above listeners’ heads so as not to be intimidated by the size of the crowd.

b. Divide listeners into three or four groups and shift your focus among them, corresponding to transitions.

c. Do not worry about eye contact with a group that large; no one will really notice.

d. Make eye contact only with the listeners who are close enough to notice.

Learning Objective: 3.3 Demonstrate how the speaker’s body—physical appearance, movement, gesture, and facial expression—can help make the presentation effective.

Topic: The Body in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

27. Which element of the body in delivery not only helps communicate effectively to the audience but also provides feedback to the speaker regarding the audience’s response to the speech?

a. movement

b. facial expression

c. eye contact

d. clothes and grooming

Learning Objective: 3.3 Demonstrate how the speaker’s body—physical appearance, movement, gesture, and facial expression—can help make the presentation effective.

Topic: The Body in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Easy

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

28. Mai-Lin is enthusiastic during her speech on the benefits of swimming and beams with pride when she tells the audience she has lost 50 pounds from her daily swims over the past year. What component of ethos is Mai-Lin using?

a. ethnocentrism

b. dynamism

c. monotone

d. enunciation

Learning Objective: 3.3 Demonstrate how the speaker’s body—physical appearance, movement, gesture, and facial expression—can help make the presentation effective.

Topic: The Body in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Apply What You Know

29. Impromptu speaking is __________.

a. spontaneous and involves little or no preparation

b. extemporaneous and involves an organized but conversational delivery

c. contemporaneous and involves a presentation of contemporary issues

d. memorized and involves meticulous preparation and practice

Learning Objective: 3.4 Differentiate among four basic modes of speech presentation, and identify the advantages and limitations of each.

Topic: Modes of Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

30. During the meeting, Jake was asked his opinion on the proposed building plan. His response is an example of a(n) __________ presentation.

a. memorized

b. impromptu

c. extemporaneous

d. chronological

Learning Objective: 3.4 Differentiate among four basic modes of speech presentation, and identify the advantages and limitations of each.

Topic: Modes of Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Apply What You Know

31. When considering a memorized speech, most experts would agree that __________.

a. they are worth the time and effort of memorization

b. reciting them helps create a smooth, fluid delivery

c. only the main body is worth memorizing

d. it is not advisable to memorize a speech

Learning Objective: 3.4 Differentiate among four basic modes of speech presentation, and identify the advantages and limitations of each.

Topic: Modes of Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

32. Which aspect of a speech can be helpful to deliver from memory?

a. transitions

b. thesis

c. introduction

d. main body

Learning Objective: 3.4 Differentiate among four basic modes of speech presentation, and identify the advantages and limitations of each.

Topic: Modes of Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

33. Tommy found it difficult to maintain eye contact and hold his audience’s attention because he chose to deliver his speech __________.

a. impromptu

b. extemporaneously

c. from a manuscript

d. from memory

Learning Objective: 3.4 Differentiate among four basic modes of speech presentation, and identify the advantages and limitations of each.

Topic: Modes of Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Apply What You Know

34. Which of these speaker should consider using a manuscript presentation?

a. Jason needs to tell his audience eight website addresses they can use to find more information.

b. Carlos has just five minutes to tell his audience about the new product.

c. Bethany needs to persuade her listeners to vote in the upcoming primary election.

d. Nikki will be speaking to an audience of more than 250 medical students.

Learning Objective: 3.4 Differentiate among four basic modes of speech presentation, and identify the advantages and limitations of each.

Topic: Modes of Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Apply What You Know

35. What is a characteristic of extemporaneous speaking?

a. written out word for word

b. delivered with little preparation

c. delivered from outlined notes to encourage a conversational quality

d. read from a script and difficult to sustain eye contact

Learning Objective: 3.4 Differentiate among four basic modes of speech presentation, and identify the advantages and limitations of each.

Topic: Modes of Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

36. Which presentation style is recommended for most speakers?

a. manuscript

b. extemporaneous

c. memorized

d. impromptu

Learning Objective: 3.4 Differentiate among four basic modes of speech presentation, and identify the advantages and limitations of each.

Topic: Modes of Presentation

Difficulty Level: Easy

Skill Level: Remember the Facts

37. The most important guideline for practicing your speech is to __________.

a. begin early

b. mentally rehearse the speech

c. practice the speech in front of a friend

d. make eye contact

Learning Objective: 3.5 Practice the speech before presenting it formally.

Topic: Practicing for Speech Presentation

Difficulty Level: Easy

Skill Level: Remember the Facts

38. What is the last step in practicing the speech?

a. running through the speech in your mind before an imaginary audience

b. talking through your presentation outline several times to test its effectiveness

c. simulating the conditions under which the speech will be given

d. practicing orally under a variety of conditions

Learning Objective: 3.5 Practice the speech before presenting it formally.

Topic: Practicing for Speech Presentation

Difficulty Level: Easy

Skill Level: Remember the Facts

39. What is the most effective type of practice?

a. distributed practice

b. limited practice

c. mental practice

d. massed practice

Learning Objective: 3.5 Practice the speech before presenting it formally.

Topic: Practicing for Speech Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

40. Distribute practice is effective because it occurs __________.

a. without anyone else present

b. all at once

c. in brief periods spread over time

d. immediately after the presentation

Learning Objective: 3.5 Practice the speech before presenting it formally.

Topic: Practicing for Speech Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

Essay Questions

41. What are the three main characteristics of delivery style that contribute positively to your speech? How do they differ? Do you consider any more important than others?

• A delivery style that contributes positively to the overall effect of a speech (1) seems natural and uncontrived; (2) helps the audience to listen to, understand, remember, and act on the speech; and (3) builds a sense of community between speaker and audience.
• Each characteristic contributes something distinct to the speech; for example, a speaker may appear natural but disorganized.
• The comparison might reference earlier text material, such as the importance of structure, or identify that different elements of delivery style are more important for different types of speeches. For example, organization may be less important in a ceremonial speech but more important for an informational speech.

Learning Objective: 3.1 Identify the characteristics of effective speech delivery.

Topic: Characteristics of Effective Presentation

Difficulty Level: Difficult

Skill Level: Analyze It

42. Explain how the voice and body can each be used to enhance the presentation of a speech. Give an example of how you might incorporate these principles in a speech.

• Use of the voice helps a speaker advance the overall purpose of the speech; vocal cues are among the audience’s earliest evidence in judging a speaker’s ethos.
• Voice dimensions can enhance a speaker’s effectiveness: they include rate, pitch, volume, pauses, articulation/enunciation, and pronunciation; vocal interest helps keep the speech interesting and the audience listening.
• The body influences listeners’ impressions of the speaker’s ethos, as well as their interest and focus on the topic.
• Body resources are physical appearance, facial expression, movement, and gestures.
• A speech on the excitement of a college debate, for example, might use a faster speech rate, changes in volume, and more body movement to emphasize the theme of energy and enthusiasm.
• Student examples will vary.

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Apply What You Know

43. Describe the various dimensions of a speaker’s voice. Explain how they are used within a speech.

• Volume refers to the loudness of a speaker’s voice. Volume varies depending on the size of the room and whether or not a microphone is used.
• Pitch is the placement of the voice on the musical scale, ranging from high to low. Speakers raise or lower the pitch of their voice to add emphasis to their words.
• Rate is the speed at which a speaker talks.
• The brief silences within a speech are called pauses. These can be used for dramatic effect or to simply “take a breath” during a speech. Pausing requires practice to be used effectively.
• Articulation refers to the precision and clarity in the production of individual vocal sounds. Saying “dese” instead of “these” demonstrates poor articulation.
• Enunciation is the precision and distinctness in sounding words. Saying “whaddaya thinkin?” instead of “what are you thinking?” is an example.
• Pronunciation is the sounding of words in the accepted way. Regional dialects can affect the pronunciation of words.
• Inflection refers to the pronunciation pattern of a sentence as a whole.

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

44. Explain why the speaker should consider the audience when taking steps to improve his or her speaking voice.

• The speaker’s goal is clarity, but that does not mean everyone must speak the same.
• The speaker should aim for a presentation voice that captures and holds the audience’s attention while also seeming natural and authentic.

Learning Objective: 3.2 Explain how the dimensions of a speaker’s voice—volume, pitch, rate, pauses, articulation/enunciation, pronunciation, and inflection—can support the presentation, and how variety in each aspect enhances the speech.

Topic: The Voice in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

45. Identify the four major elements of bodily presentation and discuss one problem associated with each and one solution for each problem.

• The four major elements of bodily presentation are (1) physical appearance, (2) movement, (3) gesture, and (4) facial expression.
• A problem related to physical appearance involves dressing appropriately for a speech. A solution would be to think ahead about the occasion and choose clothing accordingly.
• An example of a problem related to movement might involve a speaker nervously moving around the stage without stopping. A solution would be to be conscious of this tendency and address it during the presentation.
• A common gesture problem is fidgeting; trying to be conscious of this tendency and attempting to move more naturally will address this problem.
• A common facial expression problem is that of looking at the floor and failing to make eye contact. Looking into listeners’ eyes throughout the speech addresses this issue.

Learning Objective: 3.3 Demonstrate how the speaker’s body—physical appearance, movement, gesture, and facial expression—can help make the presentation effective.

Topic: The Body in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Difficult

Skill Level: Analyze It

46. Describe the three steps in the general rhythm of a gesture.

• The anticipation step takes place when you bring your hands to a position from which a gesture can easily be made. If you are gripping the podium or have your hands in your pockets, it will be more difficult to make a natural gesture.
• The implementation step involves the few seconds when the gesture takes place. Speakers should be aware of making a complete gesture and not awkwardly raise a hand partway without completing the motion. This suggests that the speaker is nervous.
• The relaxation step occurs when you return your hands to the normal position—either at your side or resting lightly on the podium.

Learning Objective: 3.3 Demonstrate how the speaker’s body—physical appearance, movement, gesture, and facial expression—can help make the presentation effective.

Topic: The Body in Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

47. What are the four modes of presentation, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of each?

• An impromptu presentation is adaptable to the situation, but one can get lost and ramble if care is not taken to structure the speech. The key is to focus on a very small number of main ideas by previewing and summarizing them.
• A memorized presentation was valued in the past, but now speakers run the risk of ignoring feedback, delivering the speech stiffly, and forgetting what they wanted to say.
• A manuscript presentation is valuable in formal situations in which precision is important, especially speaking in high-stakes situations, but manuscripts distance the speaker from the audience, limit eye contact, and are difficult to deliver well.
• Extemporaneous speaking encourages conversational quality and is flexible enough to permit adaptation to feedback.

Learning Objective: 3.4 Differentiate among four basic modes of speech presentation, and identify the advantages and limitations of each.

Topic: Modes of Presentation

Difficulty Level: Difficult

Skill Level: Analyze It

48. Define and discuss the most recommended type of speech presentation.

• The extemporaneous presentation is the most recommended type.
• It is prepared and rehearsed but is not written out word-for-word or memorized.
• This presentation style is recommended because it encourages a conversational quality and is flexible enough to provide for feedback.

Learning Objective: 3.4 Differentiate among four basic modes of speech presentation, and identify the advantages and limitations of each.

Topic: Modes of Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

49. What are the four steps in practicing your speech presentation? Why is each step important, and what contribution does each make that others do not?

• Develop the presentation outline: helps you practice articulating your ideas and the links between your ideas
• Mental rehearsal: gives you a sense of how the speech will look and sound when everything comes together
• Oral practice: provides feedback about the clarity of structure and ideas as well as the effectiveness of the delivery
• Simulation: makes you more comfortable with the setting
• Each step is important because without a presentation outline, a speech will lack content; without mental rehearsal, it will not seem as integrated as it might be; without oral practice, the delivery will not seem polished; without simulation, you may be thrown off by the unique circumstances of the venue.

Learning Objective: 3.5 Practice the speech before presenting it formally.

Topic: Practicing for Speech Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Analyze It

50. What are some recommendations for simulating the speech during practice?

• Practice in the same room where you’ll speak or simulate the setting as closely as possible.
• If you will be using a microphone, practice with one to control and adapt your voice.
• Incorporate the gestures you will be using so you know how to use them in a larger space or a smaller one depending on the speech location.

Learning Objective: 3.5 Practice the speech before presenting it formally.

Topic: Practicing for Speech Presentation

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Skill Level: Understand the Concepts