Full Test Bank Ch.5 Basic Anatomy And Physiology Strasinger - The Phlebotomy Textbook 4th Edition Exam Pack by Susan King Strasinger. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 5: Basic Anatomy and Physiology
Multiple Choice
1. The basic functioning unit of all organisms is the:
A. organ.
B. tissue.
C. cell.
D. system.
2. The body is divided into right and left portions by the:
A. superior plane.
B. frontal plane.
C. sagittal plane.
D. medial plane.
3. The dorsal part of the body is the:
A. front.
B. back.
C. left side.
D. right side.
4. The body is described as having which one of the following positions when it is facing forward with the arms by the side and the palms of the hands and toes pointing forward?
A. Prone.
B. Lateral.
C. Anatomical.
D. Supine.
5. The plane of the body that divides it into upper and lower halves is the:
A. frontal.
B. sagittal.
C. transverse.
D. posterior.
6. Located in the posterior area of the body are the:
A. cranial and spinal cavities.
B. cranial and pelvic cavities.
C. spinal and abdominal cavities.
D. spinal and thoracic cavities.
7. The cavity in which the heart is located is the:
A. cranial.
B. spinal.
C. thoracic.
D. abdominal.
8. The anterior portion of the body is the:
A. right side.
B. front side.
C. back side.
D. left side.
9. Groups of organs function together to complete body:
A. systems.
B. cavities.
C. planes.
D. directions.
10. The thigh bone joins the knee at the:
A. distal end.
B. proximal end.
C. medial point.
D. inferior point.
11. A bilateral bone marrow aspiration would indicate aspiration:
A. from both sides of the iliac crest.
B. from only the left side of the iliac crest.
C. above the iliac crest.
D. below the iliac crest.
12. A hard protein substance found in hair and nails is:
A. melanin.
B. keratin.
C. sebum.
D. sweat.
13. Fingerprints are formed from:
A. collagen.
B. keratin.
C. papillae.
D. adipose.
14. The pigment that gives skin color is:
A. melanin.
B. heparin.
C. sebum.
D. keratin.
15. A skin cancer associated with AIDS is:
A. basal cell carcinoma.
B. melanoma.
C. Kaposi sarcoma.
D. lupus erythematosus.
16. The main organ(s) of the integumentary system is(are) the:
A. nails.
B. hair.
C. skin.
D. sweat glands.
17. The outermost layer of skin is the:
A. epidermis.
B. dermis.
C. subcutaneous.
D. follicle.
18. The layer of skin that contains the blood vessels is the:
A. epidermis.
B. dermis.
C. keratinized epithelium.
D. root shaft.
19. The oil glands are:
A. sweat glands.
B. sebaceous glands.
C. dermal glands.
D. subcutaneous glands.
20. The upper long bone of the leg is the:
A. femur.
B. humerus.
C. tibia.
D. ulna.
21. The long bone of the lower arm located opposite the thumb is the:
A. ulna.
B. radius.
C. metacarpal.
D. fibula.
22. The small bones of the ankle are the:
A. metacarpals.
B. phalanges.
C. vertebrae.
D. metatarsals.
23. Joint fluid is called:
A. peritoneal.
B. cerebrospinal.
C. pleural.
D. synovial.
24. The abbreviations Ca, P, and ALP indicate:
A. types of bones.
B. diseases of bones.
C. tests associated with bone disease.
D. bones of the hand.
25. Functions of the skeletal system include all of the following except:
A. hemostasis.
B. hematopoiesis.
C. mineral storage.
D. movement.
26. The body system responsible for protection of soft tissues is the:
A. muscular.
B. skeletal.
C. integumentary.
D. lymphatic.
27. Bone-forming cells are called:
A. osteoblasts.
B. osteoclasts.
C. osteoporosis.
D. osteomalacia.
28. The arm bones belong to which type of bone?
A. Irregular bones.
B. Flat bones.
C. Short bones.
D. Long bones.
29. A person bitten by a tick may develop:
A. gout.
B. Lyme disease.
C. rickets.
D. rheumatoid arthritis.
30. The blood-forming tissue found in the center of bone is called:
A. synovial fluid.
B. bone marrow.
C. cartilage.
D. ligaments.
31. The flexible part of the skeletal system is the:
A. bone.
B. ligament.
C. joint.
D. cartilage.
32. Joints are held together by:
A. cartilage.
B. tendons.
C. ligaments.
D. bones.
33. An autoimmune disorder affecting the joints is:
A. rheumatoid arthritis.
B. Paget disease.
C. gout.
D. scoliosis.
34. A bacterial infection of the bone is called:
A. osteomalacia.
B. osteoarthritis.
C. osteomyelitis.
D. osteoporosis.
35. When a broken bone protrudes through the skin, the fracture is:
A. complicated.
B. comminuted.
C. closed.
D. compound.
36. Inflammation of the joints caused by uric acid crystals is called:
A. Lyme disease.
B. osteomalacia.
C. rheumatoid arthritis.
D. gout.
37. Disease of the heart muscle is called:
A. cardiomyopathy.
B. congestive heart failure.
C. arteriosclerosis.
D. atherosclerosis.
38. Blood vessels contain:
A. cardiac muscle.
B. nonstriated muscle.
C. skeletal muscle.
D. striated muscle.
39. The abbreviations LD(LDH), CK(CPK), and AST(SGOT) refer to:
A. electrolytes of the heart.
B. types of heart muscle.
C. enzymes from the heart muscle.
D. diseases of the heart.
40. The body system that maintains posture and produces heat is the:
A. skeletal.
B. circulatory.
C. muscular.
D. lymphatic.
41. Body temperature is maintained by the heat produced in muscle:
A. contraction.
B. relaxation.
C. insertion.
D. origin.
42. An infection of the nerves that control skeletal muscle movement is:
A. muscular dystrophy.
B. myasthenia gravis.
C. poliomyelitis.
D. myalgia.
43. Muscles are attached to bones by:
A. ligaments.
B. tendons.
C. cartilage.
D. joints.
44. Muscle tissue that has stripes when viewed under the microscope is said to be:
A. smooth.
B. visceral.
C. striated.
D. nonstriated.
45. An inherited group of muscle disorders in which the muscle atrophies is:
A. poliomyelitis.
B. muscular dystrophy.
C. myasthenia gravis.
D. carpal tunnel syndrome.
46. The nervous system that is made up of the brain and spinal cord is the:
A. central nervous system.
B. peripheral nervous system.
C. autonomic nervous system.
D. voluntary nervous system.
47. The protective shock-absorbent coating covering the central nervous system is the:
A. axon.
B. dendrite.
C. meninges.
D. myelin sheath.
48. The specialized cell of the nervous system is the:
A. nephron.
B. neuron.
C. axon.
D. alveoli.
49. The fluid that fills the spaces of the meninges and acts as a cushion for the brain and spinal cord is:
A. synovial fluid.
B. peritoneal fluid.
C. cerebrospinal fluid.
D. amniotic fluid.
50. The point where the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron comes together is called a:
A. synapse.
B. neurojunction.
C. joint.
D. brain.
51. Inflammation of the meninges caused by a bacterial or viral infection is called:
A. poliomyelitis.
B. chondrosarcoma.
C. meningitis.
D. cerebral palsy.
52. The largest part of the brain is the:
A. cerebrum.
B. cerebellum.
C. medulla oblongata.
D. pons.
53. The neuron that carries impulses from the central nervous system is the:
A. motor.
B. sensory.
C. central.
D. visceral.
54. Phlebotomists who are not immune to chickenpox may be infected by patients with:
A. multiple sclerosis.
B. cerebral palsy.
C. neurofibromatosis.
D. shingles.
55. A stroke is called a(an):
A. electroencephalogram (EEG).
B. electrocardiogram (ECG).
C. multiple sclerosis (MS).
D. cerebrovascular accident (CVA).
56. The small subdivision of the bronchus is the:
A. bronchi.
B. pleura.
C. trachea.
D. bronchiole.
57. The structure of the respiratory system that contains the vocal cords is the:
A. pharynx.
B. larynx.
C. epiglottis.
D. throat.
58. The condition of decreased oxygen in the tissues is:
A. anoxia.
B. hypoxia.
C. eupnea.
D. apnea.
59. Air enters the respiratory system and is filtered by the:
A. larynx.
B. trachea.
C. nose.
D. bronchiole.
60. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place in the:
A. nose.
B. pharynx.
C. trachea.
D. lungs.
61. The throat is called the:
A. pharynx.
B. larynx.
C. trachea.
D. alveoli.
62. A condition caused by allergies that produce difficult breathing is:
A. pleurisy.
B. tuberculosis.
C. pulmonary edema.
D. asthma.
63. A lung infection in which the alveoli become inflamed and filled with fluid is:
A. laryngitis.
B. asthma.
C. pneumonia.
D. rhinitis.
64. Congestive heart failure may produce:
A. pleurisy.
B. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
C. infant respiratory distress syndrome.
D. pulmonary edema.
65. A skin test (PPD) would be ordered for the detection of:
A. bronchitis.
B. tuberculosis.
C. rhinitis.
D. tonsillitis.
66. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can develop from:
A. rhinitis.
B. laryngitis.
C. emphysema.
D. tuberculosis.
67. The O2 and CO2 exchange between the air and blood occurs in the:
A. arteries.
B. alveoli.
C. veins.
D. pharynx.
68. The breakdown of food is called:
A. digestion.
B. absorption.
C. elimination.
D. peristalsis.
69. Food is propelled to the stomach by:
A. absorption.
B. digestion.
C. elimination.
D. peristalsis.
70. An accessory organ of the gastrointestinal tract is the:
A. mouth.
B. stomach.
C. liver.
D. large intestine.
71. Digestion takes place in the:
A. esophagus.
B. appendix.
C. gall bladder.
D. stomach.
72. An organ of the digestive system with no digestive function is the:
A. appendix.
B. teeth.
C. salivary glands.
D. small intestine.
73. Inflammation of the stomach and intestinal tract is called:
A. enteritis.
B. gastritis.
C. gastroenteritis.
D. peritonitis.
74. A laboratory test that evaluates liver function is:
A. lipase.
B. bilirubin.
C. carotene.
D. amylase.
75. Hepatitis is a(an):
A. inflammation of the stomach.
B. blood tumor.
C. inflammation of the liver.
D. tumor of the pancreas.
76. The unusable products of digestion are eliminated from the body as:
A. bile.
B. urine.
C. feces.
D. fatty acids.
77. The digestive fluid found in the mouth is:
A. bile.
B. saliva.
C. hydrochloric acid.
D. ascorbic acid.
78. Inflammation of the gall bladder is called:
A. cholecystitis.
B. cholelithiasis.
C. urethritis.
D. glossitis.
79. The digestion that begins in the mouth by the action of the teeth and tongue is called:
A. peristalsis.
B. mechanical digestion.
C. chemical digestion.
D. elimination.
80. An amylase test is ordered to determine the condition of the:
A. stomach.
B. small intestine.
C. liver.
D. pancreas.
81. The primary filtering organ(s) of the urinary system is(are) the:
A. ureters.
B. kidneys.
C. urethra.
D. bladder.
82. Inflammation of the filtering unit of the kidney is:
A. pyelonephritis.
B. nephrolithiasis.
C. cystitis.
D. glomerulonephritis.
83. The tube that is inserted into the bladder for the removal of urine is a(an):
A. IV.
B. IM.
C. catheter.
D. cannula.
84. A specialist in the study of the urinary tract and the male reproductive system is a(an):
A. hematologist.
B. oncologist.
C. nephrologist.
D. urologist.
85. Lithotripsy is performed on patients with:
A. renal calculi.
B. glomerulonephritis.
C. renal failure.
D. cystitis.
86. The main functioning unit of the kidney is the:
A. nephron.
B. pelvis.
C. ureter.
D. axon.
87. An inflammation of the urinary bladder is called:
A. pancreatitis.
B. urethritis.
C. pyelonephritis.
D. cystitis.
88. The main laboratory test to evaluate the urinary system is the:
A. complete blood count (CBC).
B. human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG).
C. urinalysis (UA).
D. urinary tract infection (UTI).
89. A urinary tract infection (UTI) is usually caused by:
A. glycosuria.
B. uremia.
C. bacterial infection.
D. hypoalbuminuria.
90. The kidneys are responsible for all of the following except:
A. filtering waste products of metabolism.
B. regulating body fluids.
C. removing protein from the blood.
D. producing erythropoietin.
91. In the renal tubules, water and substances that are needed by the body are:
A. filtered out of the blood.
B. reabsorbed into the blood.
C. secreted into the urine.
D. excreted out of the urine.
92. Chemicals secreted directly into the blood stream by endocrine glands are called:
A. vitamins.
B. hormones.
C. proteins.
D. anticoagulants.
93. T3, T4, and calcitonin are hormones secreted by the:
A. thyroid gland.
B. adrenal gland.
C. parathyroid gland.
D. pancreas.
94. Decreased secretion of insulin is associated with:
A. acromegaly.
B. gigantism.
C. diabetes mellitus.
D. diabetes insipidus.
95. Gigantism is caused by an oversecretion of:
A. thyroid-stimulating hormone.
B. parathyroid hormone.
C. growth hormone.
D. epinephrine.
96. The hormone increased in response to stress is:
A. epinephrine.
B. growth hormone.
C. calcitonin.
D. antidiuretic hormone.
97. An endocrinologist sees a patient with:
A. hepatitis.
B. emphysema.
C. hypoglycemia.
D. gonorrhea.
98. A condition of excessive thyroid hormone secretion is termed:
A. hypothyroidism.
B. hyperthyroidism.
C. myxedema.
D. carcinoma.
99. Increased production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is associated with:
A. acromegaly.
B. Cushing disease.
C. gigantism.
D. myxedema.
100. The function of the reproductive system is:
A. regulation of body water.
B. transport of electrolytes to cells.
C. disposal of waste products.
D. sperm production and ovulation.
101. The hormone that is responsible for secondary sex characteristics in females is:
A. estrogen.
B. testosterone.
C. human chorionic gonadotropin.
D. androgen.
102. The study of gynecology refers to treatment of:
A. male genital disorders.
B. male and female urinary tract disorders.
C. children.
D. female genital disorders.
103. Bleeding that occurs once a month for women is called:
A. amenorrhagia.
B. menorrhagia.
C. menopause.
D. menstruation.
104. The gonads of the female are:
A. testes.
B. ovaries.
C. placenta.
D. uterus.
105. The sex cells of the male are:
A. testes.
B. ovaries.
C. spermatozoa.
D. ovum.
106. The fluid surrounding body cells in the tissue spaces is:
A. cerebrospinal fluid.
B. synovial fluid.
C. peritoneal fluid.
D. interstitial fluid.
107. The large lymph vessel in the chest that receives lymph from below the diaphragm and the left side of the body is the:
A. lymph node.
B. thoracic duct.
C. right lymphatic duct.
D. tonsils.
108. Lymph nodes are located in all of the following areas of the body except the:
A. inguinal.
B. cervical.
C. bone marrow.
D. axillary.
109. Specialized lymphatic tissue located in the throat is called the:
A. thymus.
B. inguinal nodes.
C. spleen.
D. tonsils.
110. A laboratory procedure used to test for AIDS is the:
A. complete blood count (CBC).
B. Western blot.
C. Monospot.
D. Creatine kinase (CK) or creatine phosphokinase (CPK).
111. The major white blood cell associated with the immune system is the:
A. lymphocyte.
B. neutrophil.
C. eosinophil.
D. basophil.
A. a tumor of the lymph nodes.
B. AIDS.
C. enlarged spleen.
D. lack of immunity.
113. Humoral immunity is produced by:
A. T cells.
B. neutrophils.
C. erythrocytes.
D. B cells.
114. The watery fluid that circulates through the lymphatic vessels is called:
A. tissue fluid.
B. interstitial fluid.
C. synovial fluid.
D. lymph.
115. Tests for myocardial muscle damage help the clinician to determine the extent of damage to the patient’s:
A. cardiac muscle.
B. cardiac nerves.
C. skeletal nerves.
D. skeletal muscle.
116. Endocrine glands secrete hormones:
A. into the lymphatic system by means of ducts.
B. into the bloodstream without the use of ducts.
C. into the lymphatic system without the use of ducts.
D. into the bloodstream by means of ducts.
117. Acne
118. Fungal infection
119. Sebum
120. Dermatitis
121. Psoriasis
122. Cancer
123. Keratin
124. Impetigo
KEY: Topic: Integumentary system
DIF: Level 1
Learning Objective: 5.5
KEY: Topic: Integumentary system
DIF: Level 1
Learning Objective: 5.5
KEY: Topic: Integumentary system
DIF: Level 1
Learning Objective: 5.5
KEY: Topic: Integumentary system
DIF: Level 1
Learning Objective: 5.5
Match the following tests with the target of their assessment.
A. Adrenal cortex
B. Adrenal medulla
C. Ovaries
D. Pituitary gland
E. Testes
125. Growth hormone
126. Cortisol
127. Estrogen
128. Testosterone
129. Norepinephrine
KEY: Topic: Endocrine system
DIF: Level 1
Learning Objective: 5.6
KEY: Topic: Endocrine system
DIF: Level 1
Learning Objective: 5.6
130. Diabetes
131. Kidney function
132. Tuberculosis
133. Cervical cancer
134. Meningitis
135. Lupus
136. Muscle damage
137. Bone disorders
138. Liver disorders
KEY: Topic: laboratory tests
DIF: Level 2
Learning Objective: 5.6
KEY: Topic: laboratory tests
DIF: Level 2
Learning Objective: 5.6
KEY: Topic: laboratory tests
DIF: Level 2
Learning Objective: 5.6
KEY: Topic: laboratory tests
DIF: Level 2
Learning Objective: 5.6
139. Muscular
140. Skeletal
141. Digestive
142. Urinary
143. Reproductive
144. Lymphatic
145. Respiratory
146. Immune
147. Integumentary
148. Nervous
149. Endocrine
KEY: Topic: body system disorders
DIF: Level 2
Learning Objective: 5.5
KEY: Topic: body system disorders
DIF: Level 2
Learning Objective: 5.5
KEY: Topic: body system disorders
DIF: Level 2
Learning Objective: 5.5
KEY: Topic: body system disorders
DIF: Level 2
Learning Objective: 5.5
KEY: Topic: body system disorders
DIF: Level 2
Learning Objective: 5.5
150. Explain the levels of organization of the human body.
151. List the body cavities and name two main organs contained in each cavity.
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The Phlebotomy Textbook 4th Edition Exam Pack
By Susan King Strasinger