Chapter 5: Executive Leadership

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. What is the responsibility of overseeing day-to-day operations called?

A. control

B. guidance

C. leadership

D. management

Learning Objective: 5-1: Describe the responsibilities of nonprofit CEOs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Management and Leadership

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. According to Worth, a lack of leadership by the chief executive officer will eventually lead to ______.

A. a corporate takeover

B. drift, decline, and failure

C. restructuring of leadership

D. more democratic leadership

Learning Objective: 5-1: Describe the responsibilities of nonprofit CEOs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Management and Leadership

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Which theory explains leadership in terms of the innate characteristics of individuals?

A. trait

B. skills

C. behavior

D. contingency

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. What leadership style focuses on relationships?

A. servant

B. autocratic

C. task-oriented

D. transactional

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. The significant characteristic of transformational leadership is that it ______.

A. gives a leader absolute power

B. reduces the responsibility of the leader

C. balances power between the leader and subordinates

D. offers an approach to leading both subordinates and organizations

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. The idea that a leader must be friendly but not overly familiar with subordinates is called ______.

A. self-sacrifice

B. social distance

C. persuasive appeal

D. superior management

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Many nonprofit chief executive officers spend the majority of their time on ______.

A. marketing

B. fund-raising

C. personnel management

D. research and development

Learning Objective: 5-1: Describe the responsibilities of nonprofit CEOs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Focus on External Relationships

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. According to Herman and Heimovics, effective chief executive officers stay focused on ______.

A. program failure

B. industry comparisons

C. key goals and outcomes

D. the organization’s revenue

Learning Objective; 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Focus on Key Roles and Priorities

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. A _____ is a way of understanding something.

A. grid

B. frame

C. transition

D. task behavior

Learning Objective: 5-4: Describe the characteristic behaviors of successful nonprofit CEOs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Use the “Political Frame”

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. According to Dym and Hutson, organizational alignment is ______.

A. difficult

B. two-way process

C. designed by the board of directors

D. controlled by the chief executive officer

Learning Objective: 5-4: Describe the characteristic behaviors of successful nonprofit CEOs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Right Person, Right Place, Right Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. To minimize risk, nonprofit boards must select a new chief executive officer based on the organization’s ______.

A. history

B. mission

C. revenue

D. collaborative relationships

Learning Objectives: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Executive Transitions

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. According to Kotter’s top-down approach, efforts at transformational change often fail because leaders allow too much ______.

A. flexibility

B. complacency

C. communication

D. empowerment

Learning Objective: 5-6: Identify steps in the process of change.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Leading Change

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. According to Collins, the power to simply make decisions is referred to as ______ leadership.

A. executive

B. legislative

C. figurehead

D. charismatic

Learning Objectives: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Transformational Leadership

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. A leader who behaves in ways that cause others to see themselves as leaders is practicing ______ leadership.

A. legislative

B. transformational

C. behavioristic

D. transactional

Learning Objectives: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Charismatic Leadership

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. A common method researchers use to identify successful leaders is based on ______.

A. staff turnover

B. revenues generated

C. levels of complacency

D. perceptions of effectiveness

Learning Objective: 5-4: Describe the characteristic behaviors of successful nonprofit CEOs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Effective Nonprofit CEO

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. Which management activity is growing due to reduced government support for nonprofit organizations?

A. fund-raising

B. staff training

C. leading volunteers

D. employee supervision

Learning Objective: 5-1: Describe the responsibilities of nonprofit CEOs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Focus on External Relationships

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. Leaders who use a political frame are ______.

A. partial to public opinion

B. less likely to build internal relationships

C. more likely to go on to run for political office

D. sensitive to external forces that might affect the organization

Learning Objectives 5-4: Describe the characteristic behaviors of successful nonprofit CEOs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Use the “Political Frame”

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. According to Dym and Hutson’s alignment map, what three components must align for a perfect leadership fit?

A. paid staff, leaders, and volunteers

B. program customers, staff, and leaders

C. leaders, organizations, and the community

D. board members, the chief executive officer, and program constituents

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Right Person, Right Place, Right Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. Internal preparation for executive transition is a shared responsibility of the nonprofit board and the ______.

A. paid staff

B. board chair-elect

C. organizational founder

D. chief executive officer

Learning Objective: 5-6: Identify steps in the process of change.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Executive Transitions

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. According to Worth, what style of leadership is best suited for leading nonprofit organizations?

A. autocratic

B. legislative

C. transactional

D. transformational

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Chapter Summary

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. A chief executive officer (CEO) is attending a working lunch with community leaders who share the CEO’s organizational values. The CEO is practicing which type of leadership?

A. executive

B. autocratic

C. legislative

D. transactional

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Transformational Leadership

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. A nonprofit board of directors is interviewing individuals for a chief executive officer position. The directors want to ensure the person they hire has a personality that matches the organization’s mission. The board members want to ensure ______.

A. charisma

B. alignment

C. cooperation

D. transformation

Learning Objective 5-4: Describe the characteristic behaviors of successful nonprofit CEOs.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Right Person, Right Place, Right Time

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. A nonprofit chief executive officer (CEO) displays little commitment to the organization’s mission. According to Blake and Mouton, the CEO has what type of management style?

A. team

B. country club

C. impoverished

D. authority–obedience

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. Organizational leaders who change their leadership styles based on the particular circumstances of a situation are practicing ______ leadership.

A. autocratic

B. trait theory

C. decision-making

D. contingency theory

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. A board of directors wants to hold an organizational retreat so they can interact with the chief executive officer, paid staff, and volunteers of their organization. The board is practicing which leadership theory?

A. path-goal

B. life-cycle

C. empowerment

D. leader–member exchange

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Medium

26. Crutchfield and Grant determined effective nonprofit chief executive officers ______.

A. conduct strategic planning

B. share leadership with others

C. do not work outside of their expertise

D. manage their organizations as closed systems

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Share Leadership and Empower Others

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. The founder of Habitat for Humanity found it difficult to turn management of the nonprofit over to a new chief executive officer. The founder was demonstrating ______ syndrome.

A. fear

B. change

C. founder

D. reluctance

Learning Objective: 5-5: Explain founder syndrome

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Founder Syndrome

Difficulty Level: Medium

28. A nonprofit chief executive officer uses a newsletter as his organization’s primary communication tool to announce the organizational change. According to Kotter, Brandon’s communication channel may result in _______.

A. drift

B. complacency

C. too much control

D. under communication

Learning Objective 5-6: Identify steps in the process of change

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Leading Change

Difficulty Level: Medium

29. According to Kotter, leaders planning to implement organizational change should first ______.

A. generate short-term wins

B. create a guiding coalition

C. establish a sense of urgency

D. communicate the change vision

Learning Objective 5-6: Identify steps in the process of change

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Leading Change

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. One responsibility of a nonprofit chief executive officer is to select new members of the board of directors.

Learning Objective: 5-1: Describe the responsibilities of nonprofit CEOs.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The CEO’s Job

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. A chief executive officer’s responsibilities include both managing and leading the organization.

Learning Objective: 5-1: Describe the responsibilities of nonprofit CEOs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The CEO’s Job

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Trait theories emphasize the business experience of the nonprofit leader.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Behavior theories include task and relationship activities.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Servant leadership places emphasis on values and commitment.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Transformational leadership primarily uses rewards or punishment to influence and change the behaviors of others.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. An effective chief executive officer empowers others.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Dym and Hutson’s alignment model integrates the best followership characteristics.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Right Person, Right Place, Right Time

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. A chief executive officer exhibiting founder syndrome can create a crisis for a nonprofit organization.

Learning Objective: 5-5: Explain founder syndrome

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Founder Syndrome

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Successful executive transitions involve creating a succession plan.

Learning Objective: 5-6: Identify steps in the process of change.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Executive Transitions

Difficulty Level: Easy

Short Answer

1. Identify and justify Moyers’ ten basic responsibilities of nonprofit chief executives.

Learning Objective: 5-1: Describe the responsibilities of nonprofit CEOs.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The CEO’s Job

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. Compare and contrast the common themes found in skills theory.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. Identify Fiedler’s three variables that are used to determine if a situation is favorable or unfavorable to a leader. Make an argument agreeing or disagreeing with Fiedler.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Hard

4. Contrast transactional leadership and transformational leadership.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Identify behaviors that may cause others to see a leader as charismatic.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Choose a leader and identify behaviors that indicate he or she is a transactional leader.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Identify and defend five management practices where a chief executive should focus his/her efforts.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Hard

8. Explain what may occur in an organization experiencing founder syndrome.

Learning Objective: 5-5: Explain founder syndrome

Cognitive Domain: Comprehensions

Answer Location: Founder Syndrome

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Explain why academic scholars find it difficult to conduct empirical research on nonprofit leadership.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize prominent leadership theories related to nonprofit organizations.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Overview of Leadership Theories

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Draw a picture applying Kotter’s change model to a leadership change.

Learning Objective: 5-6: Identify steps in the process of change.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Leading Change

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Contrast the concepts of leadership and management.

Learning Objective: 5-2: Contrast leadership and management.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Management and Leadership

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Identify and explain Routhieaux’s list of important trends occurring in nonprofit organizations.

Learning Objective: 5-4: Describe the characteristic behaviors of successful nonprofit CEOs.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Share Leadership and Empower Others

Difficulty Level: Medium