Exam Questions Child With A Cardiac Condition Chapter.31 2e - Safe Maternity Nursing Care 2nd Ed - Exam Resource Pack by Luanne Linnard Palmer. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 31: Child With a Cardiac Condition
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. Which statement accurately describes the structures of the heart?
1) | The right atrium and ventricle circulate deoxygenated blood to the lungs. |
2) | The atria, ventricles, heart valves, and cardiac vessels are formed and begin primitive functioning around the sixth week of pregnancy. |
3) | The left atrium and ventricle circulate deoxygenated blood to the lungs. |
4) | Oxygenated blood cycles to the right atrium and ventricle to be pumped to the rest of the body. |
____ 2. The nurse is reviewing an electrocardiograph (ECG) of a patient admitted to the pediatric ICU. Which segment of the ECG tracing indicates that the ventricles are contracting, sending blood to the body and lungs?
1) | P wave |
2) | ST segment |
3) | QRS complex |
4) | T wave |
____ 3. A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department with a high fever, swollen eyes, and a bright red tongue. The parents state, “The fever has lasted 6 days and is not responding to Tylenol or Ibuprofen.” Which condition does the nurse suspect?
1) | Rheumatic fever |
2) | Bacterial endocarditis |
3) | Congestive heart failure |
4) | Kawasaki disease |
____ 4. Which cardiac condition should the nurse suspect for a neonate who is experiencing a pressure gradient between the arms and legs when blood pressure is assessed?
1) | Tricuspid atresia |
2) | Conal truncal defects |
3) | Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) |
4) | Transposition of the great arteries |
____ 5. The nurse is providing care to an infant who presents with a fever, sore throat, and a nonitching rash on the trunk and the surfaces of the extremities. Which cardiac disease process does the nurse suspect?
1) | Subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE) |
2) | Rheumatic fever |
3) | Kawasaki disease |
4) | Congestive heart failure |
____ 6. The nurse is preparing a teaching session for an infant who is diagnosed with bradycardia. Which topic should the nurse review prior to conducting the session?
1) | Atrial flutter |
2) | Atrial fibrillation |
3) | Junctional rhythms |
4) | Bundle branch block |
____ 7. Which term would best describe a low concentration of oxygen being carried by the hemoglobin on red blood cells (RBC)?
1) | Hypotension |
2) | Hypoxemia |
3) | Hypoglycemia |
4) | Hypoxia |
____ 8. A 3-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital with suspected congenital heart disease. Upon auscultating the heart sounds, which clinical finding confirms the nurse’s suspicions?
1) | Capillary refill is less than 2 seconds |
2) | S1 and S2 |
3) | Warm extremities |
4) | S3 and S4 |
____ 9. Which assessment finding indicates adequate peripheral perfusion for a child after a cardiac catheterization?
1) | Capillary refill is greater than 3 seconds. |
2) | Sensation is decreased with a weakened dorsalis pedis pulse. |
3) | Dorsalis pedis pulse is palpable, but the posterior tibial pulse is weak. |
4) | Lower extremities are warm with a capillary refill of less than 3 seconds. |
____ 10. An infant who is diagnosed with a mild heart defect will not have surgical correction for at least 2 years. Which information should the nurse include in the discharge teaching regarding management in the home environment?
1) | “Your child is not at risk for congestive heart failure.” |
2) | “It is important for your child to maintain normal activity.” |
3) | “It is important to avoid antipyretics for the treatment of fever.” |
4) | “Your child will have a low-grade fever until the defect is repaired.” |
____ 11. A 2-month-old infant with a congenital heart defect is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with congestive heart failure (CHF). Which intervention should the nurse include in the infant’s plan of care?
1) | Forcing fluids appropriate for age |
2) | Monitoring respirations during active periods |
3) | Giving larger feedings less often to conserve energy |
4) | Organizing activities to allow for uninterrupted sleep |
____ 12. A toddler is prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin) for cardiac failure. Which should the nurse instruct the toddler’s parents to monitor for as a manifestation associated with digoxin toxicity?
1) | Ataxia |
2) | Tinnitus |
3) | Bradycardia |
4) | Hypotension |
____ 13. Which teaching point should the nurse include in the discharge instructions for a pediatric patient recovering from subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE)?
1) | The patient should not receive routine immunizations. |
2) | The patient should be restricted from most play activities. |
3) | Fever is expected for several weeks following infection. |
4) | Prophylactic antibiotics are required for any dental, oral, or upper respiratory tract procedures. |
____ 14. Which parental statement regarding the use of digoxin indicates a correct understanding of the information presented by the nurse?
1) | “Administer digoxin every 8 hours.” |
2) | “If a dose is missed, do not give an extra.” |
3) | “Administer with food to help prevent tooth decay.” |
4) | “If the dose is vomited, repeat the dose.” |
____ 15. Which clinical manifestation does the nurse anticipate for a pediatric patient who is admitted with CHF?
1) | Bradycardia |
2) | Tachycardia |
3) | Weight loss |
4) | Hypertension |
____ 16. All of the following are common diagnostic procedures for children with cardiac conditions except _______.
1) | CT scan |
2) | Echocardiogram |
3) | Chest radiography (x-ray) |
4) | Electrocardiography (12-lead ECG) |
____ 17. The nurse cares for an adolescent with congestive heart failure. Which clinical finding indicates adherence to the prescribed medical regimen?
1) | A pulse rate of 120 beats/min |
2) | Nausea or vomiting |
3) | Weight gain |
4) | No change in daily weight |
____ 18. A 12-month-old patient is admitted to the hospital with suspected congenital heart disease. Upon assessment, the nurse detects a murmur with a distinct “click” quality. What congenital heart defect does the nurse suspect?
1) | Pulmonary stenosis |
2) | Atrial septal defect |
3) | Patent ductus arteriosus |
4) | Ventricular septal defect |
____ 19. The nurse is preparing to discharge a pediatric patient recovering from rheumatic fever. Which parental statement regarding the child’s care indicates a correct understanding of the information provided?
1) | “Antibiotics are not good for long-term use.” |
2) | “Antibiotics are not needed before dental procedures.” |
3) | “Treatment can last from 5 to 18 years of age.” |
4) | “I will need a follow-up appointment once a year.” |
____ 20. The nurse is caring for a patient with a cyanotic heart defect, transposition of the great arteries (TGA). What priority action does the nurse perform to maintain patency of the ductus arteriosus?
1) | Administer antibiotics and prepare for surgery. |
2) | Administer prostaglandin E1 (PGE1). |
3) | Administer digoxin as prescribed. |
4) | Administer supplemental oxygen. |
Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
____ 21. Which defects of the heart should the nurse include in the educational session for parents of a newborn diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot? (Select all that apply.)
1) | Overriding aorta |
2) | Ventral septal defect |
3) | Hypertrophic right ventricle |
4) | Pulmonary stenosis or atresia |
5) | Transposition of the great vessels |
____ 22. Which nursing actions are appropriate when providing care to an infant diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot who is having a “Tet” spell? (Select all that apply.)
1) | Administering oxygen |
2) | Drawing blood for a serum hemoglobin |
3) | Placing the child in knee-chest position |
4) | Administering diphenhydramine (Benadryl) as ordered |
5) | Administering IV morphine per prescriber’s order |
____ 23. The nurse is teaching the parents information related to appropriate heart rate and blood pressure readings for their child. Which of the following measurements are considered normal for a preschool-aged child? (Select all that apply.)
1) | Heart rate of 60 beats per minute |
2) | Heart rate of 100 beats per minute |
3) | Blood pressure of 90/55 mm Hg |
4) | Blood pressure of 110/60 mm Hg |
5) | Blood pressure of 95/60 mm Hg |
____ 24. The nurse is performing a physical assessment on an 8-year-old child with a congenital heart condition. Which of the following are signs of pulmonary congestion? (Select all that apply.)
1) | Hyperactivity |
2) | Retractions |
3) | Crackles |
4) | Vesicular sounds |
5) | Tachypnea |
____ 25. The nurse assesses an infant with suspected congenital heart disease. The nurse notes which findings are specific to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)? (Select all that apply.)
1) | Systolic heart murmur |
2) | Fluctuating blood pressures |
3) | Weak pulses |
4) | Wide pulse pressure |
5) | Right-to-left shunt |
Chapter 31: Child With a Cardiac Condition
Document Information
Connected Book
Safe Maternity Nursing Care 2nd Ed - Exam Resource Pack
By Luanne Linnard Palmer