Exam Prep Civil Liberties Building And Defending Fences Ch.4 - Complete Test Bank | American Gov Stories of a Nation 2e by Scott F. Abernathy. DOCX document preview.

Exam Prep Civil Liberties Building And Defending Fences Ch.4

Chapter 4: Civil Liberties: Building and Defending Fences

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following best defines civil liberties?

a. rights citizens possess that protect them from unfair governmental interference

b. rights guaranteed in the Constitution that define what people are allowed to do

c. items included in the Bill of Rights that define what the government is allowed to do

d. the ability to criticize the government

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.1: Define civil liberties and understand the key role that they play in American political life

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Introduction

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. The Standing Rock protestors in North Dakota came together over what issue?

a. farming rights

b. water rights

c. voting rights

d. abortion rights

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.1: Define civil liberties and understand the key role that they play in American political life

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Standing Rock: Water Protectors Claim Their Rights and Freedoms in North Dakota

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. During the Standing Rock protests, the local, state, and national governments acted on behalf of ______.

a. the protestors, i.e., they protected the Standing Rock nation from violence from the pipeline’s owners

b. the pipeline’s owners, i.e., they effectively acted to undermine the protests so the pipeline could be completed quickly

c. themselves, i.e., they charted an independent course between the protestors and the pipeline’s owners

d. nobody, i.e., they stayed out of the controversy altogether

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.1: Define civil liberties and understand the key role that they play in American political life

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Standing Rock: Water Protectors Claim Their Rights and Freedoms in North Dakota

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. As they assembled for the Constitutional Convention in spring 1787, a main concern among delegates was to secure the protection of ______.

a. individual rights

b. Southern slaves

c. Northern businesses

d. territorial sea routes

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Established Protections for Americans’ Civil Liberties

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. The Bill of Rights can be found in ______ of the Constitution.

a. the Preamble (introduction)

b. Article One Sections 1–8

c. Article Three Sections 1–6

d. the first ten amendments

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Takes Center Stage in the Ratification Debates

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Which of the following groups was most concerned with the lack of a Bill of Rights in the Constitution?

a. federalists

b. antifederalists

c. socialists

d. communists

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Takes Center Stage in the Ratification Debates

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Federalist arguments in response to Antifederalist concerns over the Bill of Rights were included in ______ by Alexander Hamilton.

a. Federalist No. 10

b. Federalist No. 11

c. Federalist No. 51

d. Federalist No. 84

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Takes Center Stage in the Ratification Debates

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. In response to the debate over the Bill of Rights, Alexander Hamilton argued any such Bill of Rights would ______.

a. be dangerous to individual liberty

b. add unnecessary restrictions on government

c. violate the rights of individual states

d. be a threat to national security

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Takes Center Stage in the Ratification Debates

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. How many amendments were originally proposed for the Bill of Rights?

a. 9

b. 10

c. 11

d. 12

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Takes Center Stage in the Ratification Debates

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. On what date did the Bill of Rights formally become part of the Constitution?

a. September 16, 1787

b. June 8, 1789

c. December 15, 1791

d. May 2, 1803

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Takes Center Stage in the Ratification Debates

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. Which amendment in the Bill of Rights deals with the right to own a firearm?

a. 1st

b. 2nd

c. 4th

d. 5th

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Takes Center Stage in the Ratification Debates

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. The right to just compensation when a person’s private property is taken for public use can be found in which part of the Bill of Rights?

a. 1st Amendment

b. 2nd Amendment

c. 5th Amendment

d. 8th Amendment

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Takes Center Stage in the Ratification Debates

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. The 6th Amendment is important because of which of the following protections?

a. political speech

b. no unreasonable search and seizure

c. protection from self-incrimination

d. a fair and speedy public trial

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Takes Center Stage in the Ratification Debates

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. The 9th Amendment arose from which of the following concerns?

a. Any enumerated list of rights in the Bill of Rights might not be complete.

b. Individual rights were already guaranteed by state constitutions.

c. States must be ensured a specific list of enumerated powers.

d. The federal government might exert power it had not been given.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Takes Center Stage in the Ratification Debates

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. An issue before the Supreme Court dealing with a death penalty case would most probably involve which of the following amendments in the Bill of Rights?

a. 1st

b. 4th

c. 6th

d. 8th

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Takes Center Stage in the Ratification Debates

Difficulty Level: Hard

16. Why is selective interpretation “selective”?

a. Congress determines which amendments to interpret.

b. It is carried out piecemeal and overtime.

c. It only applies to three amendments.

d. The president has to select what amendments to interpret.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Established Civil Liberties Protections, and Selective Incorporation Applied them to the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. How did the Bill of Rights, as interpreted in the nineteenth century, apply to state and federal government?

a. It restrained only the powers of the federal government.

b. It restrained only the powers of the states.

c. It restrained both the powers of the states and federal government.

d. It restrained neither the federal government nor the states.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Bill of rights Established Civil Liberties Protections, and Selective Incorporation Applied them to States

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. The foundation for extending protections in the Bill of Rights to state laws and actions are found in ______.

a. the 1st Amendment’s free exercise clause

b. Article IV of the Constitution’s full faith and credit clause

c. the 14th Amendment’s due process clause

d. Article VI of the Constitution’s supremacy clause

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Established Civil Liberties Protections, and Selective Integration Applied them to the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. The piecemeal process through which the Supreme Court has applied the protections included in the Bill of Rights to the states can best be described as ______.

a. collective aggregation

b. selective incorporation

c. executive delegation

d. progressive selection

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Established Civil Liberties Protections, and Selective Integration Applied them to the States

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. Following the Gitlow case in 1925, the Supreme Court began issuing a series of decisions incorporating most of which amendment to the Constitution to the states?

a. 1st

b. 2nd

c. 4th

d. 5th

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Established Civil Liberties Protections, and Selective Integration Applied them to the States

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. The most recent amendment in the Bill of Rights to be incorporated to the states was the ______.

a. 1st

b. 2nd

c. 4th

d. 5th

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Established Civil Liberties Protections, and Selective Integration Applied them to the States

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. The Constitution of the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe includes a Bill of Rights that affirms many of the same fundamental liberties as the American Bill of Rights but unlike the American Bill of Rights, it also orders its government to act positively in the area of ______.

a. judicial protections

b. water rights

c. education

d. religion

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights and Members of Indigenous Nations

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. The case of Everson v. Board of Education (1947) dealt with which of the following issues?

a. the right to prayer in the classroom

b. freedom from religious monuments

c. taxpayer support for religious education

d. the right to conduct private prayer groups

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.3: Explain the 1st Amendment protections granted to religion.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Courts Have Tested the Establishment Clause over School Funding for Religious Schools

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. The case of Board of Education v. Allen (1968) dealt with which of the following issues?

a. paying for transportation to private schools with public money

b. establishing mandatory prayer in public schools

c. providing private religious schools with textbooks at taxpayers’ expense

d. prohibiting any religious celebrations, assemblies, or performances

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.3: Explain the 1st Amendment protections granted to religion.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Courts Have Tested the Establishment Clause over School Funding for Religious Schools

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. The most important case dealing with prayer in schools was ______.

a. Everson v. Board of Education (1947)

b. Board of Education v. Allen (1968)

c. Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971)

d. Engle v. Vitale (1962)

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.3: Explain the 1st Amendment protections granted to religion.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Courts Have Also Tested the Establishment Clause over Prayer in School

Difficulty Level: Hard

26. In Abington School District v. Schempp, the Supreme Court ruled that ______.

a. there were some permissible forms of taxpayer support for private religious schools

b. a New York public school prayer violated the 1st Amendment’s establishment clause

c. a Pennsylvania school district’s invocation of the Lord’s prayer was unconstitutional

d. students and faculty can pray on non-instructional time

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.3: Explain the 1st Amendment protections granted to religion

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Courts Have Also Tested the Establishment Clause over Prayer in School

Difficulty Level: Hard

27. A teacher wishes to sponsor an after-school prayer group during noninstructional time while off duty. What stance does the Supreme Court currently take on this issue?

a. Teachers may participate in religious activities while not in their official capacity and during noninstructional off-duty time.

b. Teachers may not promote any religious organization or practice at any time, including bible study or prayer groups.

c. Teachers may not participate in any religious celebration but may organize and lead bible studies during lunch hours (for which they are paid).

d. Teachers may not, at any time, participate in religious organization or practice while on or off duty, as they are public employees.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.3: Explain the 1st Amendment protections granted to religion.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Courts Have Also Tested the Establishment Clause over Prayer in School

Difficulty Level: Hard

28. The three-pronged test developed by the Supreme Court in order to determine whether a law or action violates the Establishment Clause is known as which of the following?

a. acid test

b. lemon test

c. neutrality test

d. litmus test

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.3: Explain the 1st Amendment protections granted to religion.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Courts Have Addressed the Boundaries of the Establishment of Religion

Difficulty Level: Easy

29. Which of the following cases allowed the Supreme Court to create a tool by which actions under the establishment clause of the Bill of Rights could be measured?

a. Everson v. Board of Education (1947)

b. Board of Education v. Allen (1968)

c. Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971)

d. Engel v. Vitale (1962)

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.3: Explain the 1st Amendment protections granted to religion.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Courts Have Addressed the Boundaries of the Establishment of Religion

Difficulty Level: Medium

30. In the case of Employment Division v. Smith (1990), the court adopted which of the following tests?

a. acid test

b. lemon test

c. neutrality test

d. litmus test

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.3: Explain the 1st Amendment protections granted to religion.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Courts Have Addressed the Boundaries of the Freedom of Religious Expression

Difficulty Level: Medium

31. In the neutrality test, which of the following conditions must be met as a condition of restricting religious expression in the course of legitimate state action?

a. It must apply only to one faith.

b. It must not single out a specific faith over nonfaith.

c. It must require a wall of separation between faith and nonfaith.

d. It must apply only to nonfaith, disregarding any faith-based action.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.3: Explain the 1st Amendment protections granted to religion.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Courts Have Addressed the Boundaries of the Freedom of Religious Expression

Difficulty Level: Medium

32. Those who argued early for the importance of freedom of expression were influenced by which of the following laws?

a. the Anarchy Act

b. the Alien and Sedition Acts

c. the American Patriot Act

d. the Espionage Act

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Early Challenges to Expression: The Alien and Sedition Acts

Difficulty Level: Easy

33. The clear and present danger test is associated with which of the following cases?

a. Lemo v. Kurtzman

b. Abrams v. United States

c. Schenck v. United States

d. Gitlow v. United States

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Courts Have Attempted to Balance Political Expression against the Needs of National Security

Difficulty Level: Easy

34. A major problem with the clear and present danger test is its ______.

a. subjectivity

b. applicability

c. accountability

d. reliability

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Courts Have Attempted to Balance Political Expression against the Needs of National Security

Difficulty Level: Easy

35. The modern standard for restrictions on political speech was set in the 1969 case of ______.

a. Brandenburg v. Ohio

b. Mapp v. Ohio

c. Abrams v. United States

d. New York Times v. United States

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Courts Have Attempted to Balance Political Expression against the Needs of National Security

Difficulty Level: Easy

36. The current test for the restriction of political speech or action is ______.

a. posing a clear and present danger

b. promoting or inciting imminent lawless action

c. threatening the dignity of the political process

d. calling for the overthrow government institutions

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Courts Have Attempted to Balance Political Expression against the Needs of National Security

Difficulty Level: Medium

37. Suppressing an article prior to its publication would best be described as ______.

a. selective incorporation

b. judicial review

c. prior restraint

d. executive privilege

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Courts Have Weighed Press Freedoms Against National Security

Difficulty Level: Easy

38. The case of New York Times v. United States dealt with the prior restraint of what famous document?

a. the Pentagon Papers

b. WikiLeaks

c. the Snowden files

d. the Watergate transcripts

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Courts Have Weighed Press Freedoms Against National Security

Difficulty Level: Easy

39. Which of the following statements is factually accurate about the decision in Texas v. Johnson (1989)?

a. The court established a three-pronged test for determining obscenity.

b. The justices found that the restriction on free speech cannot be abridged even for offensive expression like flag burning.

c. The decision upheld the conviction of a man imprisoned for burning a flag at the 1984 Democratic National Convention.

d. It held that schools and other public entities were legally allowable to restrict speech if said speech interfered with its mission.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Symbolic Speech Is Protected as a Form of Political Expression

Difficulty Level: Hard

40. Protected expression in the form of images, signs, etc. would best be described as ______.

a. protected speech

b. symbolic speech

c. dramatic speech

d. objective speech

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Symbolic Speech Is Protected as a Form of Political Expression

Difficulty Level: Easy

41. The case of ______ established a three-pronged test of acceptable restrictions of symbolic speech.

a. United States v. O’Brien

b. Tinker v. Des Moines Independent School District

c. Mapp v. Ohio

d. Morse v. Frederick

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Symbolic Speech Is Protected as a Form of Political Expression

Difficulty Level: Easy

42. Which of the following cases involved a banner that read “Bong Hits 4 Jesus”?

a. Mapp v. Ohio

b. Morse v. Frederick

c. United States v. O’Brien

d. Tinker v. Des Moines ISD

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Symbolic Speech Is Protected as a Form of Political Expression

Difficulty Level: Easy

43. Expression that defames a person’s character in writing or similar published media is called ______.

a. libel

b. slander

c. denigration

d. defamation

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Other Forms of Expression Have More Limited Protection

Difficulty Level: Easy

44. Expression that defames a person’s character in spoken form is called ______.

a. libel

b. slander

c. denigration

d. defamation

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Other Forms of Expression Have More Limited Protection

Difficulty Level: Easy

45. Which of the following is one of the most charged types of hate speech in the United States?

a. public protest

b. cross-burning

c. flag burning

d. displaying a swastika

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Other Forms of Expression Have More Limited Protection

Difficulty Level: Easy

46. Expression of spoken, written, or symbolic speech that is likely to incite violence or disrupt the peace is defined as ______.

a. fighting words

b. hate speech

c. libel

d. slander

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Other Forms of Expression Have More Limited Protection

Difficulty Level: Easy

47. In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court uphold restrictions on obscenity and pornography and establish a working definition of obscenity?

a. Chaplinsky v. State of New York

b. United States v. Flynt

c. Roth v. United States

d. Pope v. Illinois

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Other Forms of Expression Have More Limited Protection

Difficulty Level: Easy

48. The right to peacefully assemble was incorporated in which of the following cases?

a. De Jonge v. Oregon

b. Tinker v. Des Moines ISD

c. Johnson v. Texas

d. Morse v. Frederick

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Freedom of Assembly Is Broadly Protected

Difficulty Level: Easy

49. In which of the following court cases was ownership of certain types of weapons, such as sawed-off shotguns and machine guns, restricted by the Supreme Court?

a. Columbia v. Heller

b. McDonald v. Chicago

c. United States v. Miller

d. Miller v. Texas

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Practicing Political Science: The Second Amendment, “Philosoraptor,” and Internet Memes

Difficulty Level: Easy

50. In which court case was the 2nd Amendment incorporated to the states?

a. Columbia v. Heller

b. McDonald v. Chicago

c. United States v. Miller

d. Miller v. Texas

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Practicing Political Science: The Second Amendment, “Philosoraptor,” and Internet Memes

Difficulty Level: Easy

51. Which of the following is a prohibition on making something illegal and punishable when it was legal prior to the passage of a new law?

a. ex post facto law

b. bill of attainder

c. writ of habeas corpus

d. petition of certiorari

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Constitution Also Protects Individuals Involved with the Criminal Justice System

Difficulty Level: Easy

52. Which of the following is a document that allows the punishment of an individual, including the death sentence, without a trial?

a. writ of habeas corpus

b. ex post facto law

c. petition of certiorari

d. bill of attainder

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Constitution Also Protects Individuals Involved with the Criminal Justice System

Difficulty Level: Easy

53. Which of the following is a statement demanding that authorities in charge of a person’s detention establish reasons for it?

a. bill of attainder

b. petition of certiorari

c. writ of habeas corpus

d. ex post facto law

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Constitution Also Protects Individuals Involved with the Criminal Justice System

Difficulty Level: Easy

54. In which part of the Constitution is the right to demand a writ of habeas corpus enumerated?

a. Article I

b. Article II

c. Article III

d. Article IV

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Constitution Also Protects Individuals Involved with the Criminal Justice System

Difficulty Level: Easy

55. A judicial standard requiring that fairness be applied to all participants equally is described as ______.

a. inferential justice

b. procedural justice

c. incremental justice

d. criminal justice

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Constitution Also Protects Individuals Involved with the Criminal Justice System

Difficulty Level: Easy

56. In which case did the Supreme Court establish a standard for procedures involved in obtaining evdence of a crime?

a. Mapp v. Ohio

b. Georgia v. Randolph

c. Illinois v. Gates

d. Katz v. United States

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Fourth Amendment Protects against Unlawful Search, Seizure, Warrants, and Evidence

Difficulty Level: Easy

57. A writ issued by a judge authorizing some law enforcement activity is called a ______.

a. petition

b. warrant

c. writ

d. declaration

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Fourth Amendment Protects against Unlawful Search, Seizure, Warrants, and Evidence

Difficulty Level: Easy

58. Under the decision in Katz v. United States, law enforcement must not only obtain a warrant to conduct a search; they must also prove ______.

a. probable cause

b. chain of custody

c. mens rea

d. corpus delecti

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Fourth Amendment Protects against Unlawful Search, Seizure, Warrants, and Evidence

Difficulty Level: Easy

59. An officer stops a driver and orders him to open his trunk without probable cause, leading to his arrest. Later, the judge refuses the admission of any evidence obtained from the search. This would most likely be because of the ______ rule.

a. chain of custody

b. provisional

c. exclusionary

d. Miranda

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Fourth Amendment Protects against Unlawful Search, Seizure, Warrants, and Evidence

Difficulty Level: Medium

60. The case through which 4th Amendment protections were incorporated to the states was ______.

a. Mapp v. Ohio

b. Georgia v. Randolph

c. Illinois v. Gates

d. Katz v. United States

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Fourth Amendment Protects against Unlawful Search, Seizure, Warrants, and Evidence

Difficulty Level: Medium

61. The most important way the 5th Amendment provides protections for those accused of crimes is by ______.

a. assuring a speedy trial by a jury of their peers

b. guaranteeing processes and procedures for their defense

c. ensuring fair and reasonable search and seizure of evidence

d. prohibiting excessive bail and cruel/unusual punishment

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Fifth Amendment Guarantees the Accused Certain Procedures for Their Defense

Difficulty Level: Medium

62. The purpose of a grand jury is to ______.

a. hear testimony and determine guilt or innocence

b. hear arguments and fix appropriate punishment

c. determine whether an indictment will be presented

d. review court transcripts and decide on appeals

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Fifth Amendment Guarantees the Accused Certain Procedures for Their Defense

Difficulty Level: Medium

63. The situation in which an individual is tried more than once for the exact same crime is called ______.

a. double jeopardy

b. indictment

c. habeas corpus

d. ex post facto

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Fifth Amendment Guarantees the Accused Certain Procedures for Their Defense

Difficulty Level: Easy

64. Besides protection from double jeopardy and the right to a grand jury in federal cases, perhaps the most sweeping protection of the 5th Amendment is the protection against ______.

a. self-affiliation

b. self-conciliation

c. self-determination

d. self-incrimination

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Fifth Amendment Guarantees the Accused Certain Procedures for Their Defense

Difficulty Level: Easy

65. In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court require a specific warning be read to anyone who is suspected of criminal activity?

a. Gideon v. Wainwright

b. Miranda v. Arizona

c. Mapp v. Ohio

d. Furman v. Georgia

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Fifth Amendment Guarantees the Accused Certain Procedures for Their Defense

Difficulty Level: Easy

66. In which case was the right to counsel for those unable to afford it incorporated to the states?

a. Gideon v. Wainwright

b. Miranda v. Arizona

c. Mapp v. Ohio

d. Furman v. Georgia

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Sixth Amendment Guarantees the Accused Certain Rights to Trials and Representation

Difficulty Level: Easy

67. The right to a speedy trial was incorporated to the states in which year?

a. 1892

b. 1932

c. 1938

d. 1963

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Sixth Amendment Guarantees the Accused Certain Rights to Trials and Representation

Difficulty Level: Easy

68. Recently, the Supreme Court has extended its Gideon v. Wainwright decision by ______.

a. requiring free counsel in both criminal and civil cases

b. allowing those who cannot afford counsel to select their own attorney

c. requiring criminal defendants receive “effective” legal representation not just representation

d. requiring courts to pay legal defense expenses for any defendant regardless of ability to pay

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Sixth Amendment Guarantees the Accused Certain Rights to Trials and Representation

Difficulty Level: Medium

69. An amount of money posted as a security to allow a charged individual to be freed while awaiting trial is called ______.

a. security

b. surety

c. bail

d. insurance

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Eighth Amendment Guards against Cruel and Unusual Punishment

Difficulty Level: Medium

70. The most contentious part of the 8th Amendment today is arguments over ______.

a. excessive bail

b. cruel and unusual punishment

c. unreasonable search and seizure

d. forced self-incrimination

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Eighth Amendment Guards against Cruel and Unusual Punishment

Difficulty Level: Medium

71. The specific law at issue in the case of United States v. Windsor (2013) was ______.

a. the USA Patriot Act

b. the Federal Flag Desecration Act

c. the Defense of Marriage Act

d. the Americans with Disabilities Act

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.6: Understand the role that the 9th and 10th Amendments play in shaping the protection of freedoms in the nation and across the states.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Defense of Marriage Act Restricted the Rights of Same Sex Couples to Marry

Difficulty Level: Medium

72. Which clause in the Constitution mandates that each state respects and enforces licenses and legal actions of other states?

a. the full faith and credit clause

b. the commerce clause

c. the necessary and proper clause

d. the due process clause

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.6: Understand the role that the 9th and 10th Amendments play in shaping the protection of freedoms in the nation and across the states.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Defense of Marriage Act Restricted the Rights of Same Sex Couples to Marry

Difficulty Level: Hard

73. What was the outcome of the United States v. Windsor case?

a. It effectively legalized most same-sex marriages.

b. It incorporated the 9th Amendment to most of the states.

c. It struck down a part of the full faith and credit clause.

d. It struck down a part of the Defense of Marriage Act.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.6: Understand the role that the 9th and 10th Amendments play in shaping the protection of freedoms in the nation and across the states.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Defense of Marriage Act Restricted the Rights of Same Sex Couples to Marry

Difficulty Level: Easy

74. Which amendment was designed to protect rights not specified in the Constitution or the Bill of Rights?

a. 9th

b. 14th

c. 15th

d. 18th

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.6: Understand the role that the 9th and 10th Amendments play in shaping the protection of freedoms in the nation and across the states.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Ninth Amendment and Privacy, a Right Not Enumerated

Difficulty Level: Medium

75. The Supreme Court rulings in Lawrence v. Texas (2003) and Roe v. Wade (1973) are similar in that both ______.

a. involved the full faith and credit clause

b. struck down Texas laws

c. focused on the 10th Amendment

d. centered on contraception

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.6: Understand the role that the 9th and 10th Amendments play in shaping the protection of freedoms in the nation and across the states

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Ninth Amendment and Privacy, a Right Not Enumerated

Difficulty Level: Medium

76. Which right not enumerated in the Constitution or Bill of Rights was central to the Windsor case?

a. privacy

b. security

c. self-defense

d. equity

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.6: Understand the role that the 9th and 10th Amendments play in shaping the protection of freedoms in the nation and across the states.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Ninth Amendment and Privacy, a Right Not Enumerated

Difficulty Level: Easy

77. Which of the following cases involved the right to use contraceptives?

a. United States v. Windsor

b. Griswold v. Connecticut

c. Lawrence v. Texas

d. Roe v. Wade

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.6: Understand the role that the 9th and 10th Amendments play in shaping the protection of freedoms in the nation and across the states.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Use of Contraceptives

Difficulty Level: Easy

78. Which of the following cases struck down a law banning same-sex sexual conduct?

a. United States v. Windsor

b. Griswold v. Connecticut

c. Lawrence v. Texas

d. Roe v. Wade

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.6: Understand the role that the 9th and 10th Amendments play in shaping the protection of freedoms in the nation and across the states.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sexual Conduct between Consenting Adults

Difficulty Level: Easy

79. Which of the following is the foundational case involving a woman’s right to have an abortion?

a. United States v. Windsor

b. Griswold v. Connecticut

c. Lawrence v. Texas

d. Roe v. Wade

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.6: Understand the role that the 9th and 10th Amendments play in shaping the protection of freedoms in the nation and across the states.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: A Woman’s Decision to Terminate a Pregnancy

Difficulty Level: Easy

80. The 10th Amendment was created in order to protect ______.

a. federal power

b. states’ rights

c. the rights of the people

d. executive authority

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.6: Understand the role that the 9th and 10th Amendments play in shaping the protection of freedoms in the nation and across the states.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Tenth Amendment Was Intended to Protect State Powers

Difficulty Level: Medium

81. Which statement accurately describes the difference between the ruling in Windsor (2013) and the ruling in Obergefell (2015) related to same-sex marriage?

a. Windsor overturned the Defense of Marriage Act in its entirety while Obergefell made same-sex marriage legal nationwide.

b. Windsor made same-sex marriage illegal nationwide but Obergefell overturned that ruling.

c. Windsor required the states to recognize same-sex marriage; Obergefell required the federal government to do so.

d. Windsor applied only to federal recognition of it while Obergefell extended it to the states.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.6: Understand the role that the 9th and 10th Amendments play in shaping the protection of freedoms in the nation and across the states

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Final Blow to DOMA

Difficulty Level: Hard

82. Which of the following cases struck down state bans on same-sex marriage and overturned both parts of the Defense of Marriage Act?

a. Bowers v. Hardwick

b. Romer v. Evans

c. Goodridge v. Department of Public Health

d. Obergfell v. Hodges

Objective: 4.6: Understand the role that the 9th and 10th Amendments play in shaping the protection of freedoms in the nation and across the states.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Final Blow to DOMA

Difficulty Level: Easy

True/False

1. Fundamental rights and freedoms citizens possess and that are protected from unreasonable government are referred to as civil rights.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.1: Define civil liberties and understand the key role that they play in American political life

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. The Bill of Rights was included with the original draft of the Constitution in 1787.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Takes Center Stage in the Ratification Debates

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. The Bill of Rights was originally intended to contain the first 12 amendments to the Constitution

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Takes Center Stage in the Ratification Debates

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. The main supporters of a federal Bill of Rights were the Federalists.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Takes Center Stage in the Ratification Debates

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Alexander Hamilton’s concern for “rights not enumerated” would be addressed in the 9th Amendment to the Constitution.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Takes Center Stage in the Ratification Debates

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. The primary mechanism used to incorporate the Bill of Rights to the states is the due process clause of the 5th Amendment to the Constitution.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Established Civil Liberties Protections, and Selective Incorporation Applied them to the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Selective incorporation involves the piecemeal application of individual rights on a case-by-case basis by the Supreme Court over time.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Established Civil Liberties Protections, and Selective Incorporation Applied them to the States

Difficulty Level: Hard

8. The most recently incorporated rights brought down to the states involved the 3rd Amendment.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Established Civil Liberties Protections, and Selective Incorporation Applied them to the States

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Thomas Jefferson’s theory as to how matters of church and state should be addressed was called the “Wall of Separation.”

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.3: Explain the 1st Amendment protections granted to religion.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Courts Have Tested the Establishment Clause over School Funding for Religious Schools

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. There is a strict and unambiguous separation of church and state when addressing matters of education.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.3: Explain the 1st Amendment protections granted to religion.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Courts Have Tested the Establishment Clause over School Funding for Religious Schools

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. According to your author, freedom of religion is often considered the most fundamental affirmation of Americans’ rights and liberties.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The First Amendment Also Protects Expression: Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petitioning the Government

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Flag burning is considered hate speech and is therefore illegal in most states.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Symbolic Speech Is Protected as a Form of Political Expression

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. The Supreme Court has upheld restrictions on obscenity and pornography.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Other Forms of Expression Have More Limited Protection

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. If a person is found not guilty in a state court, the person can be tried for a similar crime in federal court and vice versa.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Fifth Amendment Guarantees the Accused Certain Procedures for Their Defense

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. The Supreme Court has declared the death penalty to be inherently in violation of the 8th Amendment.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Eighth Amendment Guards against Cruel and Unusual Punishment

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. The Supreme Court has found there to be a right to privacy in the Constitution and the Bill of Rights.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.6: Understand the role that the 9th and 10th Amendments play in shaping the protection of freedoms in the nation and across the states.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Ninth Amendment and Privacy, a Right Not Enumerated

Difficulty Level: Easy

Short Answer

1. Civil liberties are often called ______ because they restrict the actions of the government.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.1: Define civil liberties and understand the key role that they play in American political life

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Introduction

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. The 14th Amendment’s guarantee against any state’s depravation of “life, liberty or property …” is often called the ______ clause.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Established Civil Liberties Protections, and Selective Incorporation Applied them to the States

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. The Supreme Court’s piecemeal application of the Bill of Rights to the states on a case-by-case basis is called ______.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Established Civil Liberties Protections, and Selective Incorporation Applied them to the States

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. The first instance of selective incorporation occurred as a result of which 1925 decision?

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Established Civil Liberties Protections, and Selective Incorporation Applied them to the States

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. The Lemon test is a three-pronged test developed by the Supreme Court over many cases to determine whether a law or action by the federal or state government violates the ______ clause.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.3: Explain the 1st Amendment protections granted to religion.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Courts Have Addressed the Boundaries of the Establishment of Religion

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. ______ is a fundamental right to speak, publish, and act in the political space affirmed by the 1st Amendment.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The First Amendment Also Protects Expression: Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. The 1937 Supreme Court decision in De Jonge v. Oregon centered to the freedom of what?

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Freedom of Assembly Is Broadly Protected

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Expression (spoken, written, or symbolic) that is likely to incite violence or disrupt peace is defined by the Supreme Court as ______.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Other Forms of Expression Have More Limited Protection

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. The Supreme Court case that incorporated the 2nd Amendment right to bear arms to the states was ______.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Practicing Political Science: The Second Amendment, “Philosoraptor,” and Internet Memes

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. The case through which the 4th Amendment’s protections were incorporated to the states was ______.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.5: Summarize the civil liberties that are extended to those accused of crimes in the Bill of Rights

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Fourth Amendment Protects against Unlawful Search, Seizure, Warrants, and Evidence

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. The 2015 case of ______ resulted in the overturning of the Defense of Marriage Act and the legalization of same-sex marriage across the country.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.6: Understand the role that the 9th and 10th Amendments play in shaping the protection of freedoms in the nation and across the states.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Final Blow to DOMA

Difficulty Level: Easy

Essay

1. Briefly explain why the precise definition of and the degree of civil liberties have been one of the longest-running struggles in American history.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.1: Define civil liberties and understand the key role that they play in American political life

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Introduction

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Describe the issues, tensions, and events brought forth in North Dakota as a result of the Energy Transfer Partners pipeline, especially as they relate to civil liberties.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.1: Define civil liberties and understand the key role that they play in American political life

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Standing Rock: Water Protectors Claim Their Rights and Freedoms in North Dakota

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. Discuss the debate and essential compromises made between Federalists and Antifederalists over the inclusion of a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Takes Center Stage in the Ratification Debates

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Discuss the role of the 14th Amendment in incorporating individual rights to the states.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.2: Describe the civil liberties outlined in the Constitution, the amendments to it, and the process by which they were incorporated

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Bill of Rights Established Civil Liberties Protections, and Selective Incorporation Applied them to the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Discuss the role of the establishment and free exercise clauses of the 1st Amendment as they pertain to religion and public entities such as schools and government offices. What specific tests and protections has the Supreme Court put into place in order to maintain a “wall of separation”? Provide case law where appropriate in your answer.

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.3: Explain the 1st Amendment protections granted to religion.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Establishment and Free Exercise Clauses Ensure Separation of Church and State

Difficulty Level: Hard

6. In what way(s) is the clear and present danger test for political speech valid today? How can it be applied in a post-9/11 age with increasing access to high-tech communication devices?

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application and Analysis

Answer Location: Courts Have Attempted to Balance Political Expression against the Needs of National Security

Difficulty Level: Hard

7. How has the emergence of the Internet in the 1990s complicated legal definitions of obscenity?

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Other Forms of Expression Have More Limited Protection

Difficulty Level: Hard

8. Discuss the cases that led to the incorporation of the 2nd Amendment to the states. Given our ongoing history of gun violence, what is your opinion of these decisions and their implication on today’s society?

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.4: Outline the 1st Amendment protections concerning freedom of expression.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Practicing Political Science: The Second Amendment, “Philosoraptor,” and Internet Memes

Difficulty Level: Hard

9. How do the 9th and 10th Amendments differ from the previous eight? Why were they included in the Bill of Rights? What importance do they have today?

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.6: Understand the role that the Ninth and Tenth Amendments play in shaping the protection of freedoms in the nation and across the states.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Ninth and Tenth Amendments Help Shape Freedoms in the Nation and Across the States

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. What are the implications of the Supreme Court’s decisions in United States v. Windsor and Obergfell v. Hodges?

TOP: Learning Outcome: Articulate the foundations of American government, including its history, critical concepts, and important documents and achievements.

KEY: Learning Objective: 4.6: Understand the role that the 9th and 10th Amendments play in shaping the protection of freedoms in the nation and across the states.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Final Blow to DOMA

Difficulty Level: Hard

Document Information

Document Type:
DOCX
Chapter Number:
4
Created Date:
Aug 21, 2025
Chapter Name:
Chapter 4 Civil Liberties Building And Defending Fences
Author:
Scott F. Abernathy

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