Exam Prep Ch9 Play And Art Based Approaches In Counseling In

CHAPTER 9: PLAY AND ART BASED APPROACHES IN COUNSELING IN SCHOOL

Multiple Choice

1. Play therapy's prominence grew from the work of:

1. Freud
2. Axline
3. Rogers
4. Ellis

2. Pictures drawn during a play therapy session should be:

1. Immediately destroyed
2. Passed around for others to look at
3. Kept confidential
4. Posted for all to see

3. When was The Association for Play Therapy founded:

1. 1985
2. 1990
3. 1945
4. 1930

4. When a play therapist makes statements such as: "You are starting with the house and family today. . . . You have decided to make something out of clay. . . . You are building something tall with those blocks” he or she is:

1. tracking
2. reflecting feelings
3. paraphrasing
4. terminating

5. Setting limits protect all but which:

1. the counselor and other important adults
2. the child
3. the child’s siblings
4. the office or playroom

6. Adlerian play therapy is recommended for all but what:

1. Children with diffuse anger; sadness.
2. Children with social problems.
3. Children with family issues.
4. Children who exhibit goals of misbehavior such as power, attention, revenge, inadequacy.

7. Various forms of art, primarily drawing, emerged as psychological assessments during:

1. the 18th Century.
2. the 19th Century.
3. the 20th Century
4. the 21th Century.

8. Cognitive-behavioral play therapy is recommended for all but what:

1. Children who are depressed.
2. Children who lack study skills.
3. Children with social problems.
4. Children who wish to learn specific behaviors.

9. When a play therapist makes statements such as: ""You like the way you built that! . . . Your voice sounded sad when you said that. . . . You are proud because you built that fort all by yourself” he or she is:

1. tracking
2. reflecting feelings
3. paraphrasing
4. terminating

10. Who is most likely to express themselves through verbal and nonverbal communication?

1. toddlers
2. babies
3. adults
4. children

11. The “T” in the ACT Approach to Limit Setting stands for:

1. Teach alternatives
2. Transmit information
3. Target an alternative
4. Take necessary precautions

12. The “A” in the ACT Approach to Limit Setting stands for:

1. Acknowledge the feeling or desire
2. Admit to mistakes
3. Attention Seeking
4. Awareness

13. Who naturally express themselves through toys and play?

1. adults
2. children
3. infants
4. men

14. Contemporary art therapists recognize this person as the founder of art therapy, particularly in America:

1. Kramer
2. Ulman
3. Naumburg
4. Freud

15. Who developed the ACT Approach to Limit Setting?

1. Klein
2. Freud
3. Kahn
4. Landreth

16. Child centered play therapy is recommended for all but what:

1. Children with diffuse anger; sadness.
2. Children with a lack of a sense of self.
3. Children with deep scars or hurts.
4. Children with family issues.

17. Limits should be all but what:

1. vague
2. concrete
3. specific
4. enforceable

18. Play materials should be all but what:

1. breakable
2. unstructured
3. durable
4. washable

19. A play therapist from this approach may initiate a session by saying : "This is the room where we'll be together today for 30 minutes. You may do many of the things you would like to do."

1. Directive
2. Relationship-based
3. Cognitive behavioral
4. Existential

20. A play therapist from this approach may initiate a session by saying : "Today I have three things planned for you. First we will work with the miniature figures. Next I will ask you to draw a picture. Before we end, we will create a puppet show."

1. Directive
2. Relationship-based
3. Cognitive behavioral
4. Existential

21. A play therapist from this approach might invite the child to rehearse resolution strategies with puppets or family figures:

1. Directive
2. Relationship-based
3. Cognitive behavioral
4. Existential

22. Who was not one of the pioneers who recognized the need to develop age appropriate therapeutic interventions for children?

1. Melanie Klein
2. Anna Freud
3. Carol Gilligan
4. Margaret Lowenfield

23. Which famous theorist asserted that play is an essential component of children's development?

1. Erikson
2. Frankl
3. Glasser
4. Piaget

24. Which organization monitors both Registered Art Therapists and Board Certified Registered Art Therapists?

1. The American Play Therapy Association
2. The Art Therapy Credentials Board
3. The American Board of counseling
4. The American Counseling Association

25. This organization is dedicated to the belief that the creative process involved in art making is healing and life enhancing.

1. The American Art Therapy Association
2. The American Mental Health Counseling Association
3. The American Counseling Association
4. The American Psychological Association

True/False

1. Office decorations and toy collections must include symbols and representations from a variety cultures, particularly those represented in a school.

2. The Association for play therapy publishes a journal (The International Journal of Play Therapy) and a newsletter (Play Therapy).

3. While playing, children learn to solve problems and negotiate social relationships but do not develop autonomy.

4. Play provides a bridge between concrete experiences and abstract thoughts or constructs.

5. Mental health professionals used to adapt adult treatments to children.

6. Games can lead to self awareness and provide opportunities for improving social skills.

7. As a play therapist it is not important to have doll collections that are multiethnic.

8. Games cannot be used therapeutically

9. Play-based activities recommended for adolescents include drawing or painting, puppetry, drama, games, and facilitated activities.

10. Play contributes to various aspects of children's development.

Short Answer Essay

1. Discuss why play is important and how it can be therapeutic.

• One explanation is that play provides a bridge between concrete experiences and abstract thoughts or constructs. For example, adults typically develop relationships with verbal and nonverbal communication. They often resolve challenges as they converse with a mental health professional, or even a caring friend or family member. Adults may repeatedly talk about an event that has troubled them or a loved one who has passed away in an effort to find resolution.
• Rarely do young children come to our offices, sit down, and discuss their feelings and concerns. Rather, children naturally express themselves through toys and play. Children often recreate situations with toys in the process of achieving resolution. They also develop relationships through toys and play.

2. As a play therapist, describe how you would prepare the environment. What types of toys and items would you include in your collection?

• No matter how lean or elaborate, the room or materials are purposefully designed. Intentional selection of materials is based on guiding theories, purposes, and the student clients. A variety of toys and materials are used to facilitate: (a) relationship development; (b) expression of thoughts and feelings; (c) examination of life situations; (d) testing of limits; (e) achievement of mastery, success, and efficacy; and (f) understanding of self and others. Play materials should be unstructured, durable, and washable.
• Crayons
• Popsicle sticks
• Newsprint
• Pipe cleaners
• Blunt scissors
• Cotton rope
• Nursing bottle
• Telephone
• Rubber knife
• Aggressive hand puppet
• Doll
• Family figures
• Clay or Play dough
• Dollhouse furniture
• Dart guns
• Doll house
• Handcuffs
• Transparent tape
• Toy soldiers
• Medical kit

3. Discuss the ACT Approach to Limit setting. Please include examples.

• Acknowledge the feeling or desire. "Beth, you are angry and you want to break the airplane."
• Clearly state the limit. "The airplane is not for breaking."
• Target an alternative. "You may break the egg carton."

4. Describe how artistic activities may assist clients in communicating painful experience, thoughts, and feelings. Discuss the history of combining art with therapy.

• Artistic activities provide another avenue for communicating painful experiences, thoughts, and feelings. Art provides another nonverbal modality that has been used to facilitate resolution of academic challenges, conflicting relationships, and developmental transitions. Interventions in this context can be educational as well as therapeutic . Techniques associated with art therapy can be facilitated with individuals, counseling groups, and classroom lessons.
• Artistic approaches are particularly advantageous for adolescents.
• Although art therapy is a relatively new concept, the connection between mental illness and art has attracted interest for some time. Various forms of art, primarily drawing, emerged as psychological assessments during the 20th Century. The term, art therapy, first appeared in professional literature and conversations during the 1940s. Four prominent art therapists -- Margaret Naumberg, Edith Kramer, Hanna Kwiatkowska, and Elinor Ulman -- wrote extensively and provided training during the next few decades, thereby contributing to the development of the field. Contemporary art therapists recognize Naumburg as the founder of art therapy, particularly in America.
• Early art therapists were strongly influenced by Freud. Contemporary art therapists practice from a variety of theoretical orientations, including traditional approaches such as Client Centered, Existential, and Cognitive Behavioral. They also use post-modern approaches such as solution-focused and narrative (e.g., Riley & Malchiodo, 2003).