Exam Prep Ch.4 Culture & Landscapes Fouberg - Human Geography 12e | Digital Test Bank by Erin H. Fouberg. DOCX document preview.
Human Geography: People, Place, and Culture, 12th Edition
Chapter 04 Testbank: Local Culture, Popular Culture, and Cultural Landscapes
Multiple Choice
1. Hutterites differ from the Amish in that they
a) reject modern technology.
b) accept modern technology.
c) are Anabaptist.
d) live in Pennsylvania.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
2. The only Old Order Anabaptist group who live communally rather than in family farmsteads are the
a) Hutterites
b) Brethren.
c) Mennonites.
d) Amish.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
3. Reflecting its origins and cultural tradition, Hutterite leaders speak
a) American English.
b) rarely and never to outsiders.
c) Archaic German.
d) the Amish dialect of French.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
4. Over 425 Hutterite communities exist in each of the following states and provinces except:
a) North Dakota.
b) Alberta.
c) Saskatchewan
d) Arkansas
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Analysis
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
5. ________________ culture is conceived as small, incorporating a homogeneous population, typically rural and cohesive in cultural traits.
a) Material
b) Popular
c) Folk
d) Local
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain local cultures and global, popular culture.
6. The ________ of a group of people includes the things they construct.
a) non-material culture
b) folk culture
c) material culture
d) pop culture
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain local cultures and global, popular culture.
7. Which is an example of a non-material aspect of culture?
a) church building
b) religious decoration
c) beliefs
d) an altar
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Explain local cultures and global, popular culture.
8. A group of people in a particular place who see themselves as a community and who share experience, customs, and traits are referred to as a
a) local culture.
b) popular culture.
c) folk.
d) material cultural group.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain local cultures and global, popular culture.
9. In terms of popular culture, cities like Paris, New York, and Milan are referred to as
a) capitals.
b) local cultures.
c) world cities.
d) hearths.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain local cultures and global, popular culture.
10. The fact that trends in popular culture (e.g. fashion) proceed from large global centers (Milan, Paris, New York) through a series of progressively smaller cities is an example of
a) diffusion.
b) migration.
c) hierarchical diffusion.
d) relative location.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Explain local cultures and global, popular culture.
11. The changes in local culture brought about by the onslaught of popular culture tend to disrupt __________.
a) population
b) economics
c) transport connections
d) customs
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
12. Government efforts to discourage native practice and languages in the United States and Canada were attempts to _____________ native groups.
a) segregate
b) protect
c) eradicate
d) assimilate
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
13. Efforts to conserve local cultures often focus on the local ____________.
a) landmarks
b) boundaries
c) mobility
d) customs
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
14. Buying a Native American styled dream catcher at a Wal-Mart store in Ohio is an example of
a) cultural appropriation.
b) local custom.
c) assimilation.
d) cultural persistence.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
15. Anabaptist groups have tried to restrict contact with the outside world by
a) migrating to rural areas.
b) joining the National Council of Churches.
c) adopting distinctive modes of dress.
d) political protest.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
16. “Little Sweden” in Lindsborg, Kansas is a good example:
a) tribalism.
b) globalization.
c) neolocalism.
d) placelessness.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
17. Rural local cultures are often dependent on a single economic activity. Customs, beliefs, and artifacts are often intimately bound up with the economic activities. For example, the customs of the Plains Indians in early nineteenth-century North America focused on
a) corn agriculture.
b) cattle and sheep herding.
c) fishing.
d) bison hunting.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
18. The Makah of Washington State reinstituted _______________ as a means of solidifying their culture and reconnecting with their past.
a) whaling
b) shamanism
c) courses in Makah history at the local college
d) study of the Makah language
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
19. In 2000, there were over 60 Hutterite Colonies in __________
a) Montana and Minnesota.
b) Alberta and Manitoba.
c) British Columbia and North Dakota.
d) British Columbia and Washington.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Analysis
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
20. According to the text, the Makah whalers used a 50-caliber rifle to kill the gray whale they hunted because
a) it was a traditional custom.
b) it was required by the International Whaling Commission.
c) they had lost knowledge of ancestral harpoon technique.
d) it was more economically efficient.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
21. The building of a sense of community identity around the idea of “Swedish-ness” in Lindsborg, Kansas is an example of
a) assimilation.
b) cultural appropriation.
c) globalization.
d) neolocalism.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
22. Urban local cultures as in Brooklyn, New York and North End Boston, Massachusetts are seen as positive examples of _____________, places of cultural persistence.
a) ghettoes
b) ethnic neighborhoods
c) assimilation
d) global villages
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
23. One of the challenges to urban local cultures and urban ethnic neighborhoods mentioned in the text is
a) the migration of members of other local cultures or ethnic groups into the neighborhood.
b) federal tax laws.
c) a breakdown in the sense of separateness.
d) assimilation.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
24. Cultural appropriation for purposes of profit (e.g., naming a beer for a Lakota chief) is referred to as an example of
a) cultural imperialism.
b) commodification.
c) ethnic insensitivity.
d) product branding.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
25. The commodification process of a local custom or artifact often leads to the development of an image of “authenticity” which amounts to an example of
a) cultural relativism.
b) cultural parasitism.
c) cultural stereotyping.
d) local autonomy.
Difficulty: Difficult
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
26. Branson, Missouri capitalizes on local culture by presenting it as _____________ for tourist consumption.
a) popular
b) timeless
c) cosmopolitan
d) “authentic”
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
27. The “lost city” located in Sun City, South Africa is a good example of:
a) an authentic landscape.
b) the commodification of a mystical idea.
c) an ethnic enclave.
d) modernization.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
28. In 1830 there were over 290 local breweries in Ireland. The number declined to less than 10 in 1980. Today, Irish beer and prefabricated Irish pubs are marketed to the world by the global brewing corporation:
a) Coors.
b) Guinness.
c) Anheuser-Busch.
d) Heineken.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
29. The distribution of Irish Pubs designed by The Irish Pub Co. provides a good example of the ________________ principle.
a) contagious diffusion
b) Ravenstein
c) distance decay
d) rank size
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Analysis
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
30. Geographer David Harvey refers to the increasing speed by which innovations in popular culture diffuse as
a) distance decay.
b) time-space compression.
c) space-adjusting techniques.
d) cultural diffusion.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain how global, popular culture is created and diffused.
31. Chinese cuisine first spread to California through ___________ diffusion.
a) contagious
b) relocation
c) hierarchical
d) circular
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain how global, popular culture is created and diffused.
32. Hip hop artists, like El Général in Tunisia, compose lyrics about real problems in their lives and sample local music in a way that provides an example of this phenomena:
a) hierarchical diffusion
b) assimilation
c) gentrification
d) reterritorialization
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Synthesis
Learning Objective: Explain how global, popular culture is created and diffused.
33. Globalized popular culture can be picked up and reproduced by people in the context of their local culture. This is referred to as:
a) MTV-effect.
b) reterritorialization.
c) global homogenization.
d) cultural appropriation.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain how global, popular culture is created and diffused.
34. El Général “reterritorialized” hip hop to reflect the local cultural context of
a) Italy.
b) Tunisia.
c) Sweden.
d) Washington, DC.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain how global, popular culture is created and diffused.
35. Local “extreme sports,” such as skateboarding, rapidly spread by being featured in
a) NFL halftime shows.
b) public high schools.
c) video games.
d) cereal commercials.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Explain how global, popular culture is created and diffused.
36. The visible imprint of human activity on the landscape is known as:
a) the hand of man.
b) urban renewal.
c) the cultural landscape.
d) sprawl.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast how local and popular cultures are reflected in cultural landscapes.
37. Landscapes that freeze a place in time for consumption by tourists often blur what is authentic and what is not. An example of this discussed in the text is:
a) Detroit, Michigan.
b) Lagos, Nigeria.
c) Toronto, Canada.
d) Sun City, South Africa.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Analysis
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
38. South Korea is a hearth of global popular culture that influences surrounding regions
a) electronic games.
b) television dramas, movies and popular music.
c) sports.
d) fashion.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain how global, popular culture is created and diffused.
39. Social networks create opportunities for diffusion of popular culture by both _________________________.
a) contagious and hierarchical diffusion.
b) relocation and migration diffusion.
c) beachhead and word of mouth.
d) hearth and distance decay.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Explain how global, popular culture is created and diffused.
40. According to E. Relph, the term which best captures the loss of uniqueness of place in the cultural landscape to the point that one place looks like the next is:
a) popular landscape.
b) cultural landscape.
c) blight.
d) placelessness.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast how local and popular cultures are reflected in cultural landscapes.
41. Which is not an aspect of cultural landscape convergence?
a) globalized architectural forms
b) globalization of particular businesses and products
c) borrowing of idealized landscape images
d) development of regional architectural styles
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast how local and popular cultures are reflected in cultural landscapes.
42. The longhouse can hold up to 200 members of an extended family and is mainly found in which region?
a) Southwest Asia
b) Southeast Asia
c) East Asia
d) Europe
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast how local and popular cultures are reflected in cultural landscapes.
True/False
43. A group of people in a particular place who see themselves as a collective or a community, who share customs and traits are referred to as a local culture.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain local cultures and global, popular culture.
44. Local cultures are distinctive in that they are stable over time.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Explain local cultures and global, popular culture.
45. Popular cultures can change rapidly in periods as short as days or even hours.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Explain local cultures and global, popular culture.
46. The spread of clothing styles from Paris or New York to regional mall stores and finally to shops near your local college, is an example of hierarchical diffusion.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Explain how global, popular culture is created and diffused.
47. Tourists buses ‘observing’ the local Amish culture of Lancaster, Pennsylvania is an example of commodification.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
48. Commodification of local culture often leads to stereotypical images of that culture.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
49. Branson, Missouri, a place where local Ozark culture is consumed, is more authentic than the local culture of surrounding communities.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
50. Visiting an “Irish” pub in San Diego, California in search of an authentic experience of a local culture would be to mistake myth for reality.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
51. The popularity of music festivals in the United States spread by word of mouth.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Explain how global, popular culture is created and diffused.
52. Hip hop music can be found in places such as Indonesia, Italy, and France, in localized versions. This is referred to as reterritorialization.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain how global, popular culture is created and diffused.
53. The rise of extreme sports such as skateboarding from its hearth in Southern California is an example of contagious diffusion.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Analysis
Learning Objective: Explain how global, popular culture is created and diffused.
54. Housing in American suburbs shows little regional variation and tends to sacrifice tradition for practicality and convenience, this is also known as convergence.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast how local and popular cultures are reflected in cultural landscapes.
Essay
55. Define local culture and global, popular culture. In what ways do local and global, popular culture interact? Think of local and global, popular culture as “ends of a continuum” and attempt to identify aspects of your hometown or familiar area that exemplifies points along the continuum.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Explain local cultures and global, popular culture.
56. Think of your favorite local bands. In what ways do the music, attitudes, styles, and lyrical references of the band reflect local culture? In what ways does the band attempt to reterritorialize popular culture in the local context?
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Synthesis
Learning Objective: Explain how global, popular culture is created and diffused.
57. What is an ethnic neighborhood? Choose an example of an urban ethnic neighborhood and describe the traditions, customs and traits that set the ethnic group and its neighborhood apart from the popular culture. What are some of the internal and external threats to the local culture of the ethnic neighborhood you have chosen?
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Synthesis
Learning Objective: Understand how people sustain local cultures in rural and urban areas.
58. Think of the cultural landscape of the city or town where you live. Give examples of each of the three dimensions of cultural landscape convergence operative in the landscape of your community. What attempts are being made to preserve local cultural landscape features against the encroachment of “placelessness”?
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Evaluation
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast how local and popular cultures are reflected in cultural landscapes.
59. What technological advances have led to time-space compression and the associated rapid diffusion of innovation in the global system? Give examples of some of the benefits and of the liabilities of time-space compression.
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Explain how global, popular culture is created and diffused.
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