Exam Prep Blindness and Visual Impairments Chapter 9

Chapter 9

Test Bank

1. Blindness is determined by

a. self-reporting.

b. administrative determination.

c. the Snellen chart.

d. all of the above

2. Administrative determinations of blindness based on functional categories

a. are the most accurate measures of visual impairments

b. are seldom used by government agencies.

c. utilize the medical model approach

d. were developed by blind people

3. Which of the following is the most accurate depiction of blindness historically?

a. Blindness has been positively compared to deafness and paralysis.

b. Blind people live in a dark and depressing state

c. Blind people have a special relationship with nature/ deity.

d. Blind people’s extra sensitive hearing and touch made them wise.

4. Blindness

a. results when light is inhibited from the environment to the back of the eye or nerve impulses from the eye to the brain.

b. is an absolute condition.

c. results generally in the total loss of vision.

d. must be determined by medical professionals rather than the individual.

5. Blindness

a. is when light cannot reach the retina.

b. is when the retina distorts light in some manner.

c. is when the nerve impulses from the retina are distorted when they reach the brain.

d. all of the above

6. The stereotypes and social stigma tied to blindness

a. have minor impact on the lives of individuals experiencing loss of vision.

b. are influenced by people’s fears of the disability.

c. have largely been diminished by inspirational accomplishment of blind people.

d. have led to robust social service programs to counteract negative attitudes.

7. Which is most accurate of people who acquire visual impairments later in life?

a. Being sighted early in life equips them with better skills to cope with vision impairments.

b. They find much social support among other blind and visually impaired people.

c. They often lack community mobility skills.

d. All of the above

8. Most people who are blind from early life

a. perceive it as a devastating condition.

b. perceive themselves as basically normal with a physical impairment

c. need intensive interventions to learn skills for productive employment

d. transition readily from school to employment

9. Human service practitioners’ most important roles

a. are the last hope for a dependent population.

b. refer them to shelter workshops as a routine matter.

c. unknowingly teach blind folks to behave like blind folks.

d. make it the stated mission of the organization to teach dependency and welfare behavior.

10. A primary function of the National Federation of the Blind can best be described as follows

a. it provides resources for low vision and blind people

b. it provides the most update medical advice from medical experts

c. it is an international human rights organization

d. it is a primary collaboration source for state and provincial social service entities.

11. Which of the following is most accurate?

a. The prevalence of blindness from birth is increasing significantly.

b. The prevalence of blindness increases significantly with age.

c. Low vision people have more difficulty adjusting because they live between sighted and non-sighted worlds.

d. The prevalence of blindness and visual impairments are roughly equal.

12. The medical model approach to treating blind individuals

a. is accepted by all the major advocacy groups tied into empowerment.

b. is rejected by organizations such as the American Federation of the Blind

c. is the most practical approach in treating people who are blind.

d. is a point of contention with several large organizations representing people who are blind.

13. The social model of blindness

a. perceives blindness more of a difference than a dysfunction.

b. defines professionals’ roles as consultants rather than directors.

c. advocates that blind people should be in control of their lives.

d. all of the above

14. Individuals deal with loss of vision

a. through stages of mourning and then acceptance.

b. by seeking out counseling in order to cope with the loss.

c. by finding a variety of paths to successful life development.

d. and usually give up and go on welfare.

15. Persons who are blind and visually impaired typically

a. develop a variety of skills for independent community mobility.

b. are beginning to drive automobiles because of new technologies.

c. use white canes to alert sighted individuals.

d. all of the above

16. Blind and low vision folks

a. read primarily using Braille.

b. use a variety of mechanisms to read including CDs and Braille.

c. use a new reading mechanism called the Barbier Code.

d. give up reading when there is total loss of vision.

17. In dressing, people who are blind

a. typically use an attendant or loved one to dress.

b. typically use an attendant or loved one to pick out clothes on a weekly basis.

c. typically develop codes pick matching clothes.

d. must give up personal choice in clothing.

18. Which is the most accurate description of the text’s addressing UDT and blindness.

a. People should not try to live “in blindness” but “with blindness.”

b. It emphasizes the interdependence of blind and non-blind people.

c. It addresses interdependence of humans and animals.

d. none of the above

19. Persons who are deafblind

a. cannot read or communicate without an attendant.

b. are rarely totally blind and deaf.

c. generally end up depressed and in need of psychotherapy.

d. have heightened senses of smell and touch.

20. A primary challenge facing persons who are deafblind is

a. ableism

b. lack of others who know how to effectively communicate

c. inaccessible education and work environments

d. all of the above

Short Answer/ Essay Questions

1. Discuss the limitations of the administrative determinations approach to diagnosing blindness.

Sample

1. Discuss how technology has changed the lives for blind and visually impaired people in recent decades.
2. Discuss historical depictions of blindness and low vision.
3. How do organizations like the National Federation of the Blind address blindness and everyday life as illustrated in the text?
4. Discuss the primary challenges identified by Deafblind persons relative to societal participation.