Environmental Issuesjohn Vogler Chapter 24 Full Test Bank

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 24 - Question 01

01) The term ‘global commons’ refers to areas and resources that are not under sovereign jurisdiction.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 24 - Question 02

02) The Stockholm Conference in 1972 produced both Principle 21, which combines sovereignty over national resources with state responsibility for external pollution, and Agenda 21, a plan for tackling it.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 24 - Question 03

03) In practice, privatization or nationalization approaches have only limited applicability to the problem of global commons.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 24 - Question 04

04) A ‘framework convention’ signals concern and establishes mechanisms for developing and sharing new scientific data related to a specific issue.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 24 - Question 05

05) The Kyoto Protocol was established in 1992 at the Rio Conference on the Environment.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 24 - Question 06

06) The classic statement on ‘sustainable development’ was provided in 1987 by the ______ .

a. Brundtland Commission Report.

b. Montreal Protocol.

c. Kyoto Protocol.

d. Stockholm Conference.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 24 - Question 07

07) The Rio Earth Summit (1992) led to the establishment of which programme/convention?

a. Principle 21.

b. The UN Environment Programme (UNEP).

c. The Kyoto Protocol.

d. Agenda 21.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 24 - Question 08

08) What is the model used to explain why communities may over-exploit shared environmental resources even when they know that it may be against their long-term interests known as?

a. Resource over-exploitation.

b. Privatization.

c. The ‘tragedy of the commons’.

d. ‘Exploit and move on’.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 24 - Question 09

09) According to this chapter, what is often omitted from discussions of international environmental cooperation?

a. Norms and identities.

b. The pursuit of power, status, and wealth.

c. The role of regimes.

d. Scientific information.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 24 - Question 10

10) The Montreal Protocol (1987) was established to deal with the depletion of ____ .

a. fish and wildlife stocks

b. the global commons

c. greenhouse gas emissions

d. the ozone layer

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 24 - Question 11

11) When did relative international consensus on climate change emerge?

a. In the 1980s.

b. In the 1990s.

c. In the 1970s.

d. It hasn’t emerged yet.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 24 - Question 12

12) Greenhouse gases have risen because…

a. Fossil fuel consumption has risen globally.

b. Forest land has decreased.

c. Agriculture has stimulated increased methane production.

d. All of the options given are correct.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 24 - Question 13

13) ‘Common but differentiated responsibilities’ refers to…

a. The argument that all countries share a responsibility for the world’s changing climate, but they can each adopt mitigation measures that align with their unique social and cultural contexts.

b. The notion that the populations of all nations suffer from the effects of climate change, but only some countries are responsible.

c. The notion that although all nations had to accept responsibility for the world’s changing climate, it was developed (Annex 1) nations that were immediately responsible because they had benefited from industrialization.

d. None of the answers given are correct.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 24 - Question 14

14) When did the Kyoto Protocol enter into force?

a. 1997

b. 2001

c. 2005

d. It is not yet in force.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 24 - Question 15

15) Efforts to explain the role of environmental treaty making by stressing as a key motivating factor the joint gains arising from cooperative solutions to the problem of providing public goods such as a clean atmosphere reflect which approach to International Relations?

a. Realist

b. Liberal institutionalist

c. Constructivist

d. Marxist