Critical Thinking In Morality Chapter 13 Exam Questions

Chapter 13: Critical Thinking in Morality

Test Bank

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 01

1. A set of beliefs and theories that help us make sense of a wide range of issues in life is known as a…

a. Theory

b. Worldview

c. Premise

d. Morality

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 02

2. The view that moral statements are not statements at all is called…

a. Relativism

b. Ethical egoism

c. Absolutism

d. Emotivism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 03

3. A statement asserting that an action is right or wrong (moral or immoral) or that something (such as a person or motive) is good or bad is a…

a. Moral statement

b. Amoral statement

c. Nonmoral statement

d. Motivating statement

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 04

4. The best approach to identifying implicit premises in a moral argument is to treat the arguments as…

a. Inductive

b. Invalid

c. Cogent

d. Deductive

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 05

5. One way to evaluate a moral premise is to try to…

a. Think of counterexamples to it

b. Think of an alternative premise

c. Rephrase the premise

d. Ignore counterexamples to it

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 06

6. This moral argument—“Torturing prisoners of war is a case of intentional mistreatment. Therefore, prisoners of war should not be tortured.”—fails because…

a. The premise is false

b. It lacks a moral premise

c. The conclusion is false

d. It lacks a moral conclusion

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 07

7. A moral theory that offers no help in real-life situations is said to be…

a. Impractical

b. Fruitless

c. Practically irrational

d. Unworkable

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 08

8. According to the text, to identify the best moral theory, we must compare competing theories and evaluate them using the…

a. Accepted moral norms

b. Moral criteria of adequacy

c. Scientific criteria of adequacy

d. Next best theory

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 09

9. One of three criteria for judging the worth of moral theories is consistency with…

a. Social norms

b. All moral theories

c. Considered scientific judgments

d. Considered moral judgments

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 10

10. Moral and nonmoral statements…

a. Cannot be used together in the same argument

b. Are standard queries

c. Make up inductive premises

d. Make up a standard moral argument

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 11

11. A moral theory tries to explain…

a. A moral agent’s motivations

b. What society defines as acceptable

c. What people believe

d. What makes an action right or what makes a person good

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 12

12. Considered moral judgments are those judgments that…

a. Are endorsed by conscience

b. The majority of people accept

c. We accept after we reason about them carefully

d. We accept because of our upbringing

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 13

13. The moral theory according to which what makes an action right is that it promotes one’s own best interests is called…

a. Subjective relativism

b. Psychological egoism

c. Ethical egoism

d. Consequentialism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 14

14. According to moral philosophers, one problematic implication of subjective relativism is that it…

a. Encourages immoral behavior

b. Promotes intolerance

c. Undermines moral responsibility

d. Makes moral disagreement nearly impossible

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 15

15. Gauging the truth of moral premises mostly involves examining the support they get from…

a. Traditional beliefs

b. Other moral principles, moral theories, and considered moral judgments

c. The divine command theory

d. Subjective or cultural relativism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 16

16. The data that moral theories try to explain are…

a. Our feelings about a moral issue

b. The moral principles we were taught as children

c. Our considered moral judgments

d. Other moral theories

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 17

17. According to moral philosophers, the preferred relationship between moral facts and theory is known as…

a. Reflective equilibrium

b. Nonmoral equilibrium

c. External consistency

d. Dynamic reflection

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 18

18. The moral theory according to which what makes an action right is that it maximizes overall happiness, everyone considered, is called…

a. Divine command theory

b. Ethical egoism

c. Utilitarianism

d. Kantian ethics

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 19

19. For many moral philosophers, the biggest problem that utilitarianism faces is that it…

a. Is unworkable

b. Conflicts with many of our considered moral judgments

c. Cannot be proven

d. Promotes hedonism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 20

20. The moral theory according to which morality is about conforming our actions to universal moral rules derived from reason is called…

a. Divine command theory

b. Ethical egoism

c. Utilitarianism

d. Kantian ethics

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 01

1. What is the basic structure of a moral argument?

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 02

2. According to the text, what are some problematic implications of subjective relativism?

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 03

3. What is the central difference between utilitarianism and Kant’s theory?

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 04

4. What does it mean for a moral theory to be consistent with our experience of the moral life?

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 13 Question 05

5. According to the text, what is one way to determine whether a general moral principle is true?