Counseling Persons Of Black African Ancestry Exam Prep Ch7

Chapter 7. Counseling Persons of Black African Ancestry

1. Amatea, Smith-Adcock, & Villares (2006), recommend which of the following approaches to working with persons of Black African ancestry?

a. Deficit-based

b. Strength-based

c. Skill-building

d. Socratic method

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: History and Nomenclature

Question type: MC

2. Essentially, three forces make up the identity of persons of Black African ancestry. Which of the following is NOT one of the said forces?

a. Expressions of African consciousness

b. Resistance to racism and oppression

c. Adaptations to colonialism

d. Internalization of folkways

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Psychological Development

Question type: MC

3. According to Mbiti, 1969, traditional Africans consider affliction illness to be both _____ and _____.

a. Psychological; physical

b. Mind; body

c. Spiritual; physical

d. Immaterial; medical

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Expressions of African Consciousness

Question type: MC

4. Kessler, Mickelson, and Williams (1999) found, through telephone survey, that the percentage of African Americans who have experienced “major discrimination” was

a. 25%

b. 50%

c. 74%

d. 98%

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Resistance to Racism and Oppression

Question type: MC

5. Which of the following, according to Akbar (1991), represent psychological explanations of “abnormal” behavior found in Black people as a result of racism and oppression?

a. Behavior is the product of “self-identity”

b. Behavior is useful for preventing oppression

c. Behavior is necessary to survival

d. Behavior is for saving face

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Resistance to Racism and Oppression

Question type: MC

6. All of the following, EXCEPT _________, are defense mechanisms used by Black people to respond to racism and oppression.

a. Denial

b. Unconscious redirection of resentment

c. Substitution

d. Intellectualization

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Resistance to Racism and Oppression

Question type: MC

7. African-centered theories of psychological functioning, explaining the impact of racism and oppression, include the following, EXCEPT

a. Posttraumatic slave syndrome

b. Invisibility syndrome

c. Cultural trauma

d. Modern hostility

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Resistance to Racism and Oppression

Question type: MC

8. The following represent ways in which counselors and other mental health professionals routinely oppress their clients EXCEPT

a. Using biased psychological tests to inform counseling decisions

b. Writing or endorsing reports that emphasize deficits

c. Endorsing the use of medication to suppress culturally appropriate behaviors

d. Counseling based on corrupt sets of values

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Resistance to Racism and Oppression

Question type: MC

9. The author indicates that to achieve authenticity in conceptualizing the mental health status of Black people, professionals must relate their subject through holistic perspectives such as

a. Existentialism

b. Psychoanalysis

c. Behaviorism

d. Cognitivism

Cognitive domain: Application

Answer location: Conceptualizing Mental Health Problems

Question type: MC

10. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services concluded that African Americans are over-diagnosed with

a. Schizophrenia

b. Bipolar disorder

c. Anxiety disorders

d. Depression

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Specific Mental Health Challenges

Question type: MC

11. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services concluded that African Americans are under diagnosed with

a. Somatoform disorders

b. Psychological disorders

c. Depression and anxiety

d. Sexual disorders

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Specific Mental Health Challenges

Question type: MC

12. Black women have the _____ suicide rate, while White males have the _____.

a. Highest, lowest

b. Lowest, Highest

c. Fastest growing, highest

d. Fastest growing, slowest growing

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Specific Mental Health Challenges

Question type: MC

13. Which of the following represents the relationship between the suicide rate of young Black males and young White males?

a. They are the same

b. White males' rate is higher

c. Black males' rate is higher

d. Blacks don’t commit suicide

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Specific Mental Health Challenges

Question type: MC

14. What is the number one cause of death among young Black men?

a. Vehicular collision

b. Suicide

c. Drug overdose

d. Murder

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Specific Mental Health Challenges

Question type: MC

15 Considerable research suggests that which of the following forms of therapy is most consistent with African values?

a. Individual therapy

b. Group therapy

c. Directive therapy

d. Non-directive therapy

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Toward Authenticity in Counseling Persons of Black African Ancestry

Question type: MC

16. African Americans constitute between ________ of the homeless population.

a. 16% and 20%

b. 28% and 32%

c. 40% and 44%

d. 56% and 60%

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Specific Mental Health Challenges

Question type: MC

17. African Americans constitute nearly ________ of state and federal prison inmates.

a. Quarter

b. One-third

c. Half

d. Three quarters

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Specific Mental Health Challenges

Question type: MC

18. African Americans constitute nearly ________ of children in state custody.

a. 10%

b. 30%

c. 45%

d. 55%

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Specific Mental Health Challenges

Question type: MC

19. African Americans constitute ________ of the U.S. population.

a. 6.8%

b. 9.2%

c. 13.8%

d. 16.3%

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Specific Mental Health Challenges

Question type: MC

20. More than ______of inner-city young people have witnessed someone being shot or stabbed. a. 40%

b. 45%

c. 50%

d. 55%

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Specific Mental Health Challenges

Question type: MC

21. African Americans represent the largest non-White ethnic group in the United States.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: History and Nomenclature

Question type: TF

22. Almost 500,000 African Americans were free prior to the Civil War.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: History and Nomenclature

Question type: TF

23. Today, racism is perpetuated most profoundly through the educational system.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: History and Nomenclature

Question type: TF

24. Traditional Africans view spirit and body as dualistic or separable.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Expressions of African Consciousness

Question type: TF

25. Akbar (1991) asserted that racism and oppression are an aberration to the natural development of Black people.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Resistance to Racism and Oppression

Question type: TF

26. African Americans are less likely than members of other American racial/ethnic groups to suffer from depression.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Specific Mental Health Challenges

Question type: TF

27. African Americans generally have lower suicide rates when compared to Caucasians.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Specific Mental Health Challenges

Question type: TF

28. African Americans are more likely to be victims of violent crimes than any other ethnic or racial group.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Specific Mental Health Challenges

Question type: TF

29. Adolescent African American detainees, incarcerated for even minor offenses, are likely to exit the juvenile justice system with severe educational deficits.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Specific Mental Health Challenges

Question type: TF

30. Traditional African healers typically treat patients in the home and initiate informal and unstructured contact with the family.

a. True

b. False

Cognitive domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Toward Authenticity in Counseling Persons of Black African Ancestry

Question type: TF

31. Identify one African-centered theory that explains the psychological impact of racism and oppression on Black people and briefly explain its history and manifestations.

a. (1) Cultural trauma theory, (2) posttraumatic slave syndrome, (3) invisibility syndrome, (4) historical hostility

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Resistance to Racism and Oppression

Question type: ESS

32. Identify one way that counselors routinely oppress clients and briefly explain.

a. (1) Using biased psychological tests to inform counseling decisions, (2) writing or endorsing reports that emphasize deficits, (3) endorsing the use of psychotropic medications to suppress culturally or developmentally appropriate behaviors, (4) using the majority culture as the basis for behavioral norms, and (5) adhering to diagnostic classification systems without regard to cultural considerations

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Resistance to Racism and Oppression

Question type: ESS

33. Discuss the healing practices of African Americans as reported in a U.S. DHHS (2001) report on mental health.

a. African Americans tend to take an “active approach” to facing personal problems, rather than avoiding them. They are less likely than Whites to use professional mental health services. They are more likely than Whites to use spirituality to cope with hardship and mental health symptoms. They prefer therapists of the same race or ethnicity. They prefer counseling to drug therapy.

Cognitive domain: Analysis

Answer location: Healing Practices and Experiences With Mental Health Treatment

Question type: ESS