Complete Test Bank Chapter 20 Environmental Policy

Environmental Science, 15e (Enger)

Chapter 20 Environmental Policy

1) Which of the following statements about current world trends and their consequences is correct?

A) Communication technology and access to the internet makes it more difficult of governments to ignore the wishes of citizens.

B) Governments, businesses, and individuals are involved in a global economy.

C) Continued population growth will put greater demand on natural resources.

D) All of these statements are correct.

E) None of these are statements are correct.

2) All of the following statements about the significance of the United Nations are correct EXCEPT

A) the U.N. regularly developed policies related to worldwide environmental concerns.

B) the U.N. enforces its policies by fining countries who violate them.

C) the U.N. successfully brought countries together to establish policies that resulted in elimination of the use of chlorofluorocarbons that destroy ozone in the upper atmosphere.

D) the U.N. cannot dictate to a country what it should do to protect the environment.

3) All of the following are successful efforts on the part of the United Nation to deal with environmental issues EXCEPT

A) the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development.

B) the Paris Agreement on climate change.

C) a global agreement on the seriousness of the threat of ozone depletion.

D) a treaty signed by a majority of countries to limit their population growth.

4) The 1969 National Environmental Policy Act

A) established the Environmental Protection Agency.

B) addressed many ocean resources issues.

C) designated federal agency procedures for rulemaking and enforcement.

D) requires the U.S. federal government agencies to consider environmental consequences of the rules they make.

5) Which of the following is true regarding the development of international environmental agreements?

A) Agreements typically involve a long process of negotiation.

B) National governments must feel that their concerns and needs are addressed when agreements are negotiated.

C) The scientific community must provide its expert opinion on the causes and effects of environmental concerns.

D) All of these statements are true.

E) None of these statements is true.

6) The role of the legislative branch of the U.S. government is to

A) interpret laws.

B) enforce laws.

C) enact laws.

D) None of these are correct.

7) The executive branch of the U.S. government has the power to

A) approve or veto a law passed by the legislative branch.

B) influence the actions of a federal department or agency by who the president appoints to head them.

C) direct a federal department or agency to take a specific action.

D) All of these statements are correct.

8) All of the following are part of the Environmental Protection Agency's role EXCEPT

A) write regulations to clarify how environmental laws should be followed.

B) negotiate with the United Nation on environmental issues.

C) establish standards for air and water quality.

D) establish and assess penalties for those who do not follow regulations.

9) Lobbying

A) involves individuals or organizations attempting to alter the action of government for their benefit.

B) involves huge amounts of money.

C) involves the activities of nongovernmental organizations.

D) All of these statements are correct.

10) The use of eco-labels (green labels) on products

A) is designed to warn consumers about the hazards of using the product.

B) identifies products that meet specific environmental standards.

C) makes consumers aware of specific environmental laws.

D) All of these statements are correct.

E) None of these statements is correct.

11) Which of the following is NOT an issue currently addressed by a U.S. environmental law?

A) air pollution

B) water pollution

C) hazardous waste disposal

D) climate change

12) EPA enforcement options include

A) negotiation, tax incentives, and grants.

B) fines, incarceration, and revoking an existing permit.

C) writing more strict regulations for those that do not comply with current regulations.

D) congressional inquiry.

13) All of the following are sustainable development goals agreed to by member countries of the United Nations EXCEPT

A) end poverty.

B) provide productive employment for all.

C) sustainably use land and ocean resources.

D) eliminate war.

14) What single event can be thought of as the beginning of the environmental movement in the United States?

A) Earth Day

B) Arbor Day

C) The creation of the Environmental Protection Agency

D) The election of Richard Nixon as President

Which of the following best matches the description?

15) Portion of U.S. government responsible for development of laws.

A) NGO

B) legislative branch

C) Environmental Quality Amendment

D) World Bank

E) judicial branch

F) policy

G) executive branch

H) wise-use

J) Earth Day

K) command and control

16) Portion of U.S. government that includes the court system.

A) NGO

B) legislative branch

C) Environmental Quality Amendment

D) World Bank

E) judicial branch

F) policy

G) executive branch

H) wise-use

J) Earth Day

K) command and control

17) The office of the President of the United States.

A) NGO

B) legislative branch

C) Environmental Quality Amendment

D) World Bank

E) judicial branch

F) policy

G) executive branch

H) wise-use

J) Earth Day

K) command and control

18) Environmental organization NOT associated with the government.

A) NGO

B) legislative branch

C) Environmental Quality Amendment

D) World Bank

E) judicial branch

F) policy

G) executive branch

H) wise-use

J) Earth Day

K) command and control

19) Planned course of action on a question or a topic.

A) NGO

B) legislative branch

C) Environmental Quality Amendment

D) World Bank

E) judicial branch

F) policy

G) executive branch

H) wise-use

J) Earth Day

K) command and control

20) Approach in which restrictive and highly specific legislation and regulation are implemented by centralized authorities to achieve narrowly defined ends.

A) NGO

B) legislative branch

C) Environmental Quality Amendment

D) World Bank

E) judicial branch

F) policy

G) executive branch

H) wise-use

J) Earth Day

K) command and control

21) Largest organized demonstration in U.S. history.

A) NGO

B) legislative branch

C) Environmental Quality Amendment

D) World Bank

E) judicial branch

F) policy

G) executive branch

H) wise-use

J) Earth Day

K) command and control

22) U.N. agency which provides assistance to developing nations.

A) NGO

B) legislative branch

C) Environmental Quality Amendment

D) World Bank

E) judicial branch

F) policy

G) executive branch

H) wise-use

J) Earth Day

K) command and control

23) Public policy is the general principle by which government branches are guided in the management of public affairs.

24) The U.S. government is separated into three branches: the legislative, judicial, and executive.

25) Environmental issues are easy to separate from political issues.

26) In recent years, a new class of green certification programs has emerged.

27) Most green certification programs have been set up by governmental bodies.

28) NGOs include environmental organizations.

29) During its early years the actions of the EPA were based on a command-and-control philosophy.

30) The first Earth Day was held on April 20, 1990.

31) The Endangered Species Act has:

A) Assisted in the spreading of invasive species

B) Prevented the spread of invasive species

C) Played a critical role in bringing attention to species that are at risk of extinction

D) Played a critical role in developing new species

32) Public opinion polls in the United States continue to indicate:

A) The public is not interested with environmental concerns

B) The public is concerned about environmental issues

C) The public supports the spread of invasive species

D) The public is not concerned with pollution

33) The Precautionary Principle applies to:

A) Human health and the environment

B) Economic safeguards and the environment

C) Population control in developed countries

D) Food safety issues

34) Green consumerism is:

A) Developing new agricultural products

B) Purchasing more products from developed countries

C) Consumption of scarce resources for the benefit of the environment and future generations

D) Development of sources of protein

35) Sustainable Development Goals are designed to build upon:

A) The National Environmental Policy Act

B) The eight Millennium Development Goals

C) The ten Century Goals

D) The Clean Water Act

36) The number of global multilateral environmental organizations is:

A) Shrinking

B) Staying the same

C) Growing

D) Growing, but only for oil development policy