Complete Test Bank Ch9 Oculomotor Control and the Control of

Multiple Choice

1. If you are watching an object that is moving directly toward you, your eyes will perform a conjugate eye movement.
   1. True
   2. False
2. During reading our eyes spend most of the time fixating words and performing what type of eye movements?
   1. Smooth pursuit
   2. Saccades
   3. Vergence shifts
   4. Express saccades
3. What region of the brain houses the circuitry for oculomotor neurons that synapse onto the extraocular muscles, and is analogous to the motor circuitry of the spinal cord?
   1. Brainstem oculomotor nuclei
   2. Superior colliculus
   3. Frontal eye fields
   4. Lateral intraparietal sulcus (area LIP)
4. What region of the midbrain is critical for bringing together maps of motor and sensory neurons in order to control eye movements?
   1. Brainstem oculomotor nuclei
   2. Inferior colliculus
   3. Superior colliculus
   4. Pons
5. Repeated stimulation of a location in the FEF leads to a saccade that is of the same direction and amplitude every time. What type of saccade is this?
   1. Goal-oriented saccade
   2. Vector saccade
6. True or false: The dorsal attentional system is responsible for endogenous attentional control.
   1. True
   2. False
7. During what periods of a delayed-saccade task can one observe elevated activity in the frontal eye fields?
   1. Only during the cue
   2. Only during the delay
   3. Only during the response
   4. During all three
8. The ventral attentional system is associated with the _____ control of attention, and the dorsal attentional system with the _____ control.
   1. Exogenous; endogenous
   2. Endogenous, exogenous
9. What is one consequence of subthreshold stimulation of a neuron in the frontal eye fields?
   1. It results in enhanced detection of a target that appears in a region of the retinotopic space corresponding to that neuron’s motor field
   2. It results in impaired detection of a target that appears in a region of the retinotopic space corresponding to that neuron’s motor field
   3. It results in enhanced detection of a target that appears in a region of the retinotopic space in the hemifield that is opposite of that neuron’s motor field
   4. It results in impaired detection of a target that appears in a region of the retinotopic space in the hemifield that is opposite of that neuron’s motor field
10. According to the reentry hypothesis of visual search, what is a source of top-down attentional signals on V4 neurons?
    1. visuomovement neurons of the frontal eye fields
    2. movement neurons of the frontal eye fields
    3. prefrontal cortex neurons
    4. V1 neurons
11. In the antisaccade task, which region’s saccade-related activity begins earliest?
    1. LIP
    2. FEF
    3. SEF
    4. Superior colliculus

Short Answer / Fill-in-the-blank

1. Neurons in the frontal eye fields (FEF) primarily code for _____ saccades whereas the supplementary eye fields (SEF) primarily code for _____ saccades.
2. While listening to an orchestra, despite the fact that all the instruments are playing at the same time, one can nonetheless attend to the sound from just one group of instruments (say, the clarinets). What type of attentional control does this demonstrate?
3. Microstimulation of which eye movement-related brain region leads to covert shifts of spatial attention?
4. Which theory links motor control to attentional control?

Essay / Longer Answer

1. Describe the premotor theory of attention. How does it explain covert attentional control?
2. What are advantages of multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) relative to univariate methods for the analysis of fMRI data?
3. Why is MVPA sometimes called “brain decoding”?
4. Describe the difference between the antisaccade and delayed-saccade tasks.
5. What is the evidence that spatial attention, eye-movement planning, and spatial short-term memory may rely on a common neural mechanism?