Complete Test Bank Ch30 Interventions for Balance Impairment

Chapter 30: Interventions for Balance Impairment

Dennis W. Fell, PT, MD

Rachel T. Wellons, PT, DPT, NCS

Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following is an example of an intervention to work on postural responses?

a. Leaning back and forth toward the edge of the patient’s base of support

b. Perturbations given at trunk during static and dynamic activity

c. Standing feet together on foam, eyes closed.

d. Stepping sideways or backward at a self-selected speed

2. Which of the following environmental setups is appropriate to enhance a patient’s use of vestibular information?

a. Completing activities with blindfold or eyes closed

b. Completing exercises with full use of vision

c. Treating the patient in a closed environment

d. Treating the patient in an open environment

3. What is the MOST appropriate use of hands-on guidance during balance interventions?

a. Constant use of manual guidance during all activities

b. Intermittent use of manual guidance as the patient requests it

c. Manual guidance is not recommended during balance interventions

d. Removing manual support as soon as the patient can safely complete the task

4. Which of the following represents the NEXT logical exercise progression of static balance on a stable surface?

a. Gait training

b. Postural perturbations in standing

c. Sitting on Physioball

d. Weight shifting in standing

5. For balance interventions, which of the following practice schedules is MOST appropriate?

a. Constant practice of the same task

b. Blocked practice of a few tasks

c. Variable practice of a few tasks

d. Variable practice of many tasks

6. Which of the following is a benefit of having a child play with toys while kneeling at a bench?

a. Encourages creeping movements

b. Improves equilibrium responses

c. Increases bimanual development

d. Limits weight-bearing on the arms

Rationale: Use of the upper extremities during play in kneeling will inhibit the effectiveness of weight-bearing on the arms, thereby requiring more weight bearing through the lower extremities.  Such an activity might increase bimanual development, but not necessarily because the child could play while manipulating an object with just one hand. Creeping movements are not possible in kneeling. It is possible that this activity might improve equilibrium responses, but it is not an obvious choice because the child could be leaning against the bench with the trunk.

7. Which of the following may represents the SAFEST setup for a home exercise program for balance at home?

a. Completing the exercises in the middle of the room

b. Family member supervising in another room

c. Patient completing exercises without footwear

d. Standing in a corner, with a chair in front of the patient

8. What is the benefit of integrating resistance activities into postural control interventions?

a. Resistance activities improve strength

b. Resistance makes a postural control task easier than the same task without resistance

c. Resistance activities improve range of motion

d. Resistance activities improve sensory reintegration

9. Which static standing position is the MOST difficult for a patient with a postural control deficit?

a. Standing feet together on a firm surface, arms crossed across the chest

b. Standing feet together on foam, arms close to the body

c. Semi-tandem stance on a firm surface, arms crossed across the chest

d. Semi-tandem stance on foam, arms close to the body

11. You have performed the BESTest on a patient with impaired postural control. This test has demonstrated deficits in postural responses. What is the BEST intervention to improve this subset of postural control?

a. Tandem gait

b. Reaching for an object out of base of support

c. Perturbations to the patient’s trunk and pelvis

d. Romberg stance on foam

12. Why is tai chi effective in promoting improved postural control?

a. It promotes rigorous exertion

b. It facilitates sensory awareness though slow movements

c. It focuses on lower extremity strengthening only

d. It focuses on static standing balance.