Test Bank

Chapter 16: The Later Years

Multiple Choice

1. Abbey, a college student, thinks of her parents as “old.” Abbey occasionally babysits for five-year-old Zach who thinks of his “grown-up” neighbor Abbey as “old.” The perceptions of these two people show that the concept of age is ______.

a. chronological

b. sociological

c. physiological

d. psychological

Learning Objective: 16.1: Specify the meanings of age and ageism.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Concept of Age

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. Society determines many of our rights and responsibilities, such as the right to consume alcohol, by our ______.

a. cultural knowledge

b. mental age

c. social acumen

d. chronological age

Learning Objective: 16.1: Specify the meanings of age and ageism.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Concept of Age

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. In American society, we designate people who are ______ years as the young-old.

a. over age 40

b. ages 40 to 55

c. ages 65 to 74

d. ages 70 to 85

Learning Objective: 16.1: Specify the meanings of age and ageism.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Concept of Age

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. By 2050, the global population of older persons is projected to ______.

a. reach its lowest level in 20 years

b. decline slightly

c. remain relatively stable

d. grow significantly

Learning Objective: 16.1: Specify the meanings of age and ageism.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Concept of Age

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Our culture defines successful aging as keeping our health, independence, and ______.

a. respect

b. relational partner

c. cognitive ability

d. wealth

Learning Objective: 16.1: Specify the meanings of age and ageism.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Concept of Age

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Kate reminds her elderly neighbor Ada about trash pick-up each week, even though she has never forgotten. When Kate didn’t see Ada for an extended period, she decided Ada was depressed and came over to keep her company, but Ada was actually on a cruise. Kate seems to be demonstrating ______.

a. gerontology

b. ageism

c. age discrimination

d. gerontophobia

Learning Objective: 16.1: Specify the meanings of age and ageism.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Ageism

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Individuals unable to complete ______ or more personal care activities are considered to have a severe disability.

a. one

b. two

c. three

d. ten

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the caregiving process for the frail.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Caregiving for the Frail

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. What skill is not considered an activity of daily living, necessary for living independently?

a. computation

b. eating

c. bathing

d. continence

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the caregiving process for the frail.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Caregiving for the Frail

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Which of the following groups represents the sandwich generation?

a. people working and caring for elderly parents at the same time

b. individuals who are not yet adults, but not quite children

c. people born after Baby Boomers and before Millennials

d. individuals caring for their parents and their children simultaneously

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the caregiving process for the frail.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Sandwich Generation

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. What is the fastest growing segment of the U.S. population?

a. adolescents

b. young people ages 15 to 25

c. the middle aged

d. elderly people over age 85

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the caregiving process for the frail.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Sandwich Generation

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. In accordance with the fastest growing segment of the population, society faces increased need for what services?

a. day care

b. collegiate housing

c. caregiving for elderly

d. after-school programming

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the caregiving process for the frail.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Sandwich Generation

Difficulty Level: Hard

12. What statement is accurate about long-term care options for the elderly?

a. Health outcomes for the elderly are similar in home health care or nursing home care.

b. Home health care costs for the elderly are marked lower than for nursing home care.

c. Nursing home costs continue to decline, while home health care costs continue rising.

d. The elderly have better health outcomes using home health care than in nursing home placements.

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the caregiving process for the frail.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Decisions About Long-Term Care

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. Which of the following is needed for children of elderly parents to make critical decisions about their parents’ end of life care?

a. access to their parent’s assets

b. durable power of attorney

c. specialized medical training

d. close relationships with the parent(s)

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the caregiving process for the frail.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Advance Directives and End-of-Life Decisions

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Whenever possible, advance directives should be completed by ______.

a. the individual they represent

b. one's living children

c. trained medical personnel

d. an objective outsider

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the caregiving process for the frail.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Advance Directives and End-of-Life Decisions

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Age discrimination particularly affects the middle-aged in the arena of ______.

a. housing

b. employment

c. education

d. sexuality

Learning Objective: 16.3: Discuss the primary issues confronting the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Issues Confronting the Elderly

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. When it comes to retirement, elderly women compared to elderly men are particularly disadvantaged in their ______.

a. familial relationships

b. mental health

c. income

d. physical health

Learning Objective: 16.3: Discuss the primary issues confronting the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Income

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. What do the elderly report as the single most important determinant of happiness?

a. health

b. income

c. relationship status

d. social engagement

Learning Objective: 16.3: Discuss the primary issues confronting the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Physical Health

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. Engaging in activities such as ______ help prevent cognitive impairment related to aging.

a. golfing

b. watching television

c. gardening

d. reading

Learning Objective: 16.3: Discuss the primary issues confronting the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Mental Health

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. Among patients in a nursing home, Diegelmann et al.’s (2018) research indicates ______ had a positive effect on stabilizing depression.

a. a low-fat diet

b. physical exercise

c. group therapy

d. humorous films or TV shows

Learning Objective: 16.3: Discuss the primary issues confronting the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Mental Health

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. In contrast to other age groups, divorce rates for people over age 50 are ______.

a. declining slowly

b. declining quickly

c. rising rapidly

d. remaining stable

Learning Objective: 16.3: Discuss the primary issues confronting the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Divorce

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. After retiring as the CEO of a local firm, Brenda learns to make her own morning coffee, but is unsure what to do with the rest of her day. She is uncomfortable being greeted by her first name at the bank and the doctor’s office, or when she sees former employees around town. Brenda struggles with the issue of ______.

a. quality of life

b. ageism

c. work-life balance

d. identity

Learning Objective: 16.3: Discuss the primary issues confronting the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Retirement

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. Stan finds that he can’t quite make ends meet after retiring from his sales job, so he takes a job as a greeter at a local box store to earn extra cash. Stan is experiencing a ______ retirement.

a. traditional

b. reverse

c. blurred

d. phased

Learning Objective: 16.3: Discuss the primary issues confronting the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Retirement

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. What are SCORE, Experience Works, and Generations United examples of?

a. retiree grassroots advocacy groups

b. volunteer organizations dedicated to helping retirees

c. lobbying groups dedicated to elderly concerns

d. organizations for retiree volunteers

Learning Objective: 16.3: Discuss the primary issues confronting the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Retirement

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. What is the primary sexual problem reported by aging women?

a. lack of desire

b. lack of a partner

c. fear of intimacy

d. fear of disease

Learning Objective: 16.3: Discuss the primary issues confronting the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. How we engage socially with others in old age is based on patterns established ______.

a. in our childhoods

b. when we are in college

c. at least 20 years earlier

d. about 50 years earlier

Learning Objective: 16.4: Review relationships of the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Loneliness

Difficulty Level: Easy

26. People over age 60 who are actively using dating sites are mostly seeking ______, according to research.

a. companionship

b. marital partners

c. sexual encounters

d. financial security

Learning Objective: 16.4: Review relationships of the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Looking for Love

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. What is the best example of a living apart together relationship?

a. Anup and Bina have recently connected on a dating site for widows.

b. Sheila met someone interesting while visiting her daughter in another state. They had coffee together several times.

c. Delores and Ron have an exclusive dating relationship, but retain ownership of their own homes.

d. Arnie has been divorced for many years and enjoys going out occasionally with his neighbor.

Learning Objective: 16.4: Review relationships of the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Living Apart Together

Difficulty Level: Medium

28. High frequency of ______ correlates to satisfaction in elderly marriages.

a. sexual relations

b. other social interaction

c. expressing love feelings

d. gift giving

Learning Objective: 16.4: Review relationships of the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Relationships between Elderly Spouses

Difficulty Level: Medium

29. What tends to happen to sibling relationships after the death of both parents?

a. Siblings become emotionally closer.

b. Siblings see each other less.

c. Siblings see each other more.

d. Sibling relationships become antagonistic.

Learning Objective: 16.4: Review relationships of the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Relationships Among Elderly Siblings After Parents Die

Difficulty Level: Easy

30. Generally speaking, what is true about grandmothers compared to grandfathers?

a. They live closer to grandchildren.

b. They see grandchildren as a sign of aging.

c. They are more involved with grandchildren.

d. They enjoy having grandchildren less.

Learning Objective: 16.5: Summarize the role of grandparents for the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Grandparenthood

Difficulty Level: Easy

31. Among adults over age 40 who had children, nearly ______ are grandparents.

a. one-fourth

b. one-half

c. three-fourths

d. all

Learning Objective: 16.5: Summarize the role of grandparents for the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Grandparenthood

Difficulty Level: Easy

32. What living situation does not describe a grand family?

a. When April’s maternity leave is up, her mother moves in to help out with the baby.

b. After his wife passes away, John relocates to be closer to his grandchildren.

c. Denny shares his home with his son’s family in order to help him save money.

d. Naomi and her kids clear out a bedroom so that grandma can come live there.

Learning Objective: 16.5: Summarize the role of grandparents for the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Grandparenthood

Difficulty Level: Medium

33. According to Chancler and colleagues (2017) research, what child-rearing choice was found essential by African American grandmothers caring for biracial children?

a. enforce stricter discipline and boundaries

b. distance themselves emotionally from the children

c. reinforce the children’s African American identity

d. ignore the children's racial identity

Learning Objective: 16.5: Summarize the role of grandparents for the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Grandparenthood

Difficulty Level: Medium

34. In Troxel v. Granville, the Supreme Court determined what about the status of grandparents interacting with their grandchildren?

a. Parents have a fundamental right to exclude anyone from spending time with their children.

b. Grandparents have a protected right to spend time with their grandchildren.

c. Biological grandparents cannot be legally excluded from a child's life.

d. Children over age five can determine for themselves who they wish to see or not see.

Learning Objective: 16.5 Summarize the role of grandparent for the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Effects of Divorce on the Grandparent-Child Relationship

Difficulty Level: Medium

35. What response to the death of a spouse signals that the bereaved individual is moving on and coping with the loss?

a. disbelief and denial

b. establishment of a new identity

c. guilt

d. numbness

Learning Objective: 16.6: Describe the end of life stage.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Death of One’s Spouse

Difficulty Level: Medium

36. For women widowed after age 45, only about ______ will eventually remarry.

a. 1%

b. 5%

c. 25%

d. 50%

Learning Objective: 16.6: Describe the end of life stage.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Repartnering in Late Life

Difficulty Level: Easy

37. Why do older widowed women have fewer opportunities to repartner than men?

a. They tend to outlive men.

b. They don’t want to lose survivor benefits.

c. They consider marriage to be for procreation only.

d. They seek women for companionship.

Learning Objective: 16.6: Describe the end of life stage.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Repartnering in Late Life

Difficulty Level: Easy

38. Researchers interviewing the elderly within a year of their deaths found what about their beliefs related to death?

a. Most are anxious about the next stage of life.

b. Most greatly fear death.

c. Most especially fear dying alone.

d. Most accept death as the next stage.

Learning Objective: 16.6: Describe the end of life stage.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Thoughts in the Last Year of Life

Difficulty Level: Medium

39. In the future, what idea about the elderly is likely be embraced?

a. There will be greater acceptance of aging.

b. Living apart together will be stigmatized.

c. Men will accept the entire burden of caring for the elderly.

d. Women bearing children at later ages will be ostracized.

Learning Objective: 16.7: Review the future of the elderly in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Future of the Elderly in the United States

Difficulty Level: Medium

40. Our life expectancy will ______ in the years to come.

a. plummet

b. decrease

c. remain stable

d. increase

Learning Objective: 16.7: Review the future of the elderly in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Future of the Elderly in the United States

Difficulty Level: Easy

True/False

. Frailty differentiates people who are old from those who are merely older.

Learning Objective: 16.1: Specify the meanings of age and ageism.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Concept of Age

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Across all ethnicities, U.S. men have slightly longer life expectancies than women.

Learning Objective: 16.1: Specify the meanings of age and ageism.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Concept of Age

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. The vast majority of frail elderly do not have long-term care insurance.

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the caregiving process for the frail.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Caregiving for the Frail

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Distribution of our assets after death is specified by a living will.

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the caregiving process for the frail.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Advance Directives and End-of-Life Decisions

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Depression is the mental disorder most associated with aging.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Discuss the primary issues confronting the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Mental Health

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Hallmarks of successful aging are maintaining physical, mental, and psychosocial functionality, according to the World Health Organization.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Discuss the primary issues confronting the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Successful Aging

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Communication technology can effectively enhance the elderly’s level of connectedness with others.

Learning Objective: 16.4: Review relationships of the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Loneliness

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Most grandparents who are sole caretakers for their grandchildren experience no financial hardships in doing so.

Learning Objective: 16.5: Summarize the role of grandparents for the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Grandparenthood

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Men respond to the loss of a spouse with stoicism.

Learning Objective: 16.6: Describe the end of life stage.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Death of One’s Spouse

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. After age 40, repartnering becomes increasingly unlikely.

Learning Objective: 16.6: Describe the end of life stage.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Repartnering in Late Life

Difficulty Level: Easy

Essay

1. What does “old age” mean to you? Does this differ from what your parents considered “old”? How about your grandparents?

Learning Objective: 16.1: Specify the meanings of age and ageism.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Concept of Age

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. Negative stereotypes and media images of the elderly engender gerontophobia. Describe an example of this found in a commercial, television show, or movie that you have seen. Do you agree with the imagery shown? Why?

Learning Objective: 16.1: Specify the meanings of age and ageism.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Ageism

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. Individuals facing retirement face significant life issues. Describe any lifestyle changes you might make now in anticipation of life as an elderly man or woman.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Discuss the primary issues confronting the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Income | Physical Health | Mental Health | Successful Aging

Difficulty Level: Hard

4. What are the negative effects of loneliness in the elderly? How can loneliness be prevented?

Learning Objective: 16.4: Review relationships of the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Midlife to Later Life | Loneliness | Looking for Love

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Describe your relationship with one of your grandparents. How did this relationship benefit you? If you have not had a relationship with your grandparents, consider how grandparent relationships can generally benefit children.

Learning Objective: 16.5: Summarize the role of grandparents for the elderly.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Grandparenthood | Benefits to Grandchildren

Difficulty Level: Hard