Chapter 14: Research Results in Print and Online: Writing and Presenting for Scholarly and Other Publics

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Adapting scholarly research reports to the needs of news media means ______.

a. answering the “so what?” question

b. writing to scholarly style

c. ensuring that all details of the research get reported

d. explaining the theory behind the research

Learning Objective: 14.4: Explain how writing for interest groups and news media differs from writing scholarly papers.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: News Media

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. Poster sessions at scholarly conferences basically involve ______.

a. providing a formal written report

b. summarizing research on a display panel

c. 15-minute oral presentations

d. a panel of speakers

Learning Objective: 14.1: Identify major publics for research findings and explain why each of them is important.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Conference Presentations

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Scholarly researchers make their research results public through all EXCEPT ______.

a. journal articles

b. conference presentations

c. poster papers

d. unidentified blogs

Learning Objective: 14.1: Identify major publics for research findings and explain why each of them is important.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Scholarly Publications

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Professional reports have a basic structure of ______.

a. introduction–body–index

b. table of contents–body–conclusion

c. introduction–body–conclusion

d. introduction–executive summary–appendices

Learning Objective: 14.2: Describe the format and style of a conventional scholarly research report.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Interest Groups

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. By accurately citing all the sources used in your research, you do all EXCEPT ______.

a. help other scholars

b. give the authors whose work has helped you the courtesy of public recognition.

c. avoid issues of plagiarism

d. violate ethical standards

Learning Objective: 14.3: Explain why the format and style of scholarly reports are necessary when writing for a scholarly audience.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Scholarly Publications

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Research reports written for interest groups emphasize ______.

a. results, conclusions, and costs of the study

b. results, costs of the study, and relevance to the group

c. costs of the study, conclusions and relevance to the group

d. results, conclusions, and relevance to the group

• Learning Objective: 14.4: Explain how writing for interest groups and news media differs from writing scholarly papers.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Interest Groups

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Which one of the following is NOT a guide for writing in scholarly style?

a. MLA

b. APA

c. APM

d. Chicago

Learning Objective: 14.3: Explain why the format and style of scholarly reports are necessary when writing for a scholarly audience.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Scholarly Publications

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Which of the following writing styles does NOT use author’s first and last names in referencing them?

a. MLA

b. APA

c. Chicago

d. AP

Learning Objective: 14.3: Explain why the format and style of scholarly reports are necessary when writing for a scholarly audience.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Information You Must Record

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Ways of ensuring that published scholarly research is credible and professional are ______.

a. systematic reporting of research questions, background literature, methods, and sampling

b. self-publishing

c. research funding from credible funding sources

d. funding through corporations

Learning Objective: 14.7: Explain how reporting research findings can have ethical implications.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Their Research Participants

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Three ways of ensuring that published research is credible and professional are ______.

a. systematic reporting of all aspects of the study, the peer review process, and review by experienced news editors

b. systematic reporting of all aspects of the study, the peer review process, and disclosure of any of the researcher’s biases

c. funding from credible sources, systematic reporting of all aspects of the study, and disclosure of any of the researcher’s biases

d. funding from credible sources, the peer review process, and review by experienced news editors

Learning Objective: 14.7: Explain how reporting research findings can have ethical implications.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Their Research Participants

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. To disseminate scholarly research findings widely, researchers might write for all EXCEPT ______.

a. scholarly journals

b. conference presentations

c. news media

d. unnamed blogs

Learning Objective: 14.1: Identify major publics for research findings and explain why each of them is important.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Scholarly Publics

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. The typical scholarly journal in communication is published ______.

a. weekly

b. monthly

c. quarterly

d. twice a year

Learning Objective: 14.1: Identify major publics for research findings and explain why each of them is important.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Scholarly Publics

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Style and voice in scholarly writing are functions of all EXCEPT ______.

a. editorial guidelines of the publication the author is writing for

b. the author’s personal writing style

c. the nature of the research reported

d. the statistical tests run

Learning Objective: 14.2: Describe the format and style of a conventional scholarly research report.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Scholarly Publications

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. Which of the following is NOT a news determinant?

a. relevance

b. timeliness

c. proximity

d. cost of delivery

Learning Objective: 14.4: Explain how writing for interest groups and news media differs from writing scholarly papers.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: News Media

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. ______ include charts, illustrations, photos, diagrams, and text.

a. News reports

b. Results

c. Infographics

d. Slides

Learning Objective: 14.6: Explain the advantages and disadvantages of graphics versus text for explaining research findings.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Visualizing Research

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. ______ allow the publication and archiving of content that cannot be presented via traditional print media.

a. Websites

b. Blogs

c. Podcasts

d. Webinars

Learning Objective: 14.5: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of websites, blogs, and podcasts for disseminating and explaining research findings.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Websites

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. Professional reports have a basic structure of introduction–body–conclusion.

Learning Objective: 14.2: Describe the format and style of a conventional scholarly research report.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Interest Groups

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Scholarly reports have a basic structure of introduction–body–conclusion.

Learning Objective: 14.2: Describe the format and style of a conventional scholarly research report.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Scholarly Publications

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Adapting scholarly research reports to the needs of news media means answering the “what’s in it for us?” question and writing in news media style.

Learning Objective: 14.4: Explain how writing for interest groups and news media differs from writing scholarly papers.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: News Media

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. All research writings involve making decisions on what is reported and how it is reported.

Learning Objective: 14.1: Identify major publics for research findings and explain why each of them is important.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Introduction

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. If you rigorously follow a style guide such APA, MLA, or Chicago, you will NOT need to make any decisions about what aspects of your research to report.

Learning Objective: 14.3: Explain why the format and style of scholarly reports are necessary when writing for a scholarly audience.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Scholarly Publications

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Publication is the way scholars engage in formal conversation with one another.

Learning Objective: 14.3: Explain why the format and style of scholarly reports are necessary when writing for a scholarly audience.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Scholarly Publics

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. One problem with writing research results for news media is that research details get dropped.

Learning Objective: 14.4: Explain how writing for interest groups and news media differs from writing scholarly papers.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: News Media

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Accounts of communication research become more and more specific as they “move” from the original scholarly journals to popular media.

Learning Objective: 14.4: Explain how writing for interest groups and news media differs from writing scholarly papers.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Ethics Panel: Balancing Between Scholarly and Popular Writing

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. According to APA, you should always mention participant race, even if it is irrelevant to the study.

Learning Objective: 14.3: Explain why the format and style of scholarly reports are necessary when writing for a scholarly audience.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Subjective—Objective (Language and Bias)

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Research reports written for interest groups emphasize results, conclusions, and relevance to the reader.

Learning Objective: 14.4: Explain how writing for interest groups and news media differs from writing scholarly papers.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Interest Groups

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. Research reports for a corporate audience should always have a full scholarly literature review.

Learning Objective: 14.1: Identify major publics for research findings and explain why each of them is important.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Interest Groups

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Scholarly reports must always be written in the passive rather than the active voice.

Learning Objective: 14.3: Explain why the format and style of scholarly reports are necessary when writing for a scholarly audience.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Active—Passive

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Editorial review of a research report includes soliciting the opinions of other scholars that the research meets scholarly standards.

Learning Objective: 14.1: Identify major publics for research findings and explain why each of them is important.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Scholarly Publications

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. Published scholarly articles are often something of a collaborative process among authors, reviewers, and editors.

Learning Objective: 14.1: Identify major publics for research findings and explain why each of them is important.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Scholarly Publications

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. In publishing, the term format refers to the standardized headings and style that each publication uses.

Learning Objective: 14.3: Explain why the format and style of scholarly reports are necessary when writing for a scholarly audience.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Scholarly Publications

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. House style refers to the common editorial style shared by all scholarly publications.

Learning Objective: 14.3: Explain why the format and style of scholarly reports are necessary when writing for a scholarly audience.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Scholarly Publications

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. Identifying the audiences for your research will tell you how best to present the voices of your research participants.

Learning Objective: 14.1: Identify major publics for research findings and explain why each of them is important.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Introduction

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. Your research might interest news media if it answers the “what’s in it for me?” question.

Learning Objective: 14.1: Identify major publics for research findings and explain why each of them is important.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: News Media

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. Scholarly writing precludes researchers documenting their personal biases, impressions, and opinions.

Learning Objective: 14.2: Describe the format and style of a conventional scholarly research report.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Active—Passive

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. PowerPoint has been praised for its false simplicity.

Learning Objective: 14.6: Explain the advantages and disadvantages of graphics versus text for explaining research findings.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Visualizing Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. Accounts of communication research become less and less specific as they “move” from original scholarly articles to popular media.

Learning Objective: 14.4: Explain how writing for interest groups and news media differs from writing scholarly papers.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Ethics Panel: Balancing Between Scholarly and Popular Writing

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. Style guides such as APA, MLA, and Chicago give guidance on how to choose your method for scholarly research.

Learning Objective: 14.3: Explain why the format and style of scholarly reports are necessary when writing for a scholarly audience.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Scholarly Publications

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. The exact style and format of your final research report will be determined by your personal preference.

Learning Objective: 14.3: Explain why the format and style of scholarly reports are necessary when writing for a scholarly audience.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Scholarly Publications

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. Interest groups and news media will be interested in your research even if it is obscure.

Learning Objective: 14.4: Explain how writing for interest groups and news media differs from writing scholarly papers.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Locations: News Media; Interest Groups

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. Research reports written for scholarly groups emphasize results, conclusions, and relevance to the reader more than the theory behind the research.

Learning Objective: 14.2: Describe the format and style of a conventional scholarly research report.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Research Reporting Methods: Advantages and Disadvantages

Difficulty Level: Easy

26. Research reports written for scholarly groups emphasize the theory behind the research.

Learning Objective: 14.2: Describe the format and style of a conventional scholarly research report.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Research Reporting Methods: Advantages and Disadvantages

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. For observational studies, it is essential to note your relationship to participants.

Learning Objective: 14.7: Explain how reporting research findings can have ethical implications.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Qualitative—Quantitative

Difficulty Level: Medium

28. Every scholarly journal allows authors to choose their specific citation style.

Learning Objective: 14.3: Explain why the format and style of scholarly reports are necessary when writing for a scholarly audience.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Scholarly Publications

Difficulty Level: Easy

29. Both Google slides and PowerPoint are slideware.

Learning Objective: 14.6: Explain the advantages and disadvantages of graphics versus text for explaining research findings.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Visualizing Research

Difficulty Level: Medium

30. Screen sharing can be used in webinars.

Learning Objective: 14.5: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of websites, blogs, and podcasts for disseminating and explaining research findings.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Webinars

Difficulty Level: Easy

31. Chicago style is required for every scholarly journal publishing communication research.

Learning Objective: 14.3: Explain why the format and style of scholarly reports are necessary when writing for a scholarly audience.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Scholarly Publications

Difficulty Level: Easy

Essay

1. Outline the basic structure of a scholarly research report and explain why each part is important to a scholarly audience.

Learning Objective: 14.2: Describe the format and style of a conventional scholarly research report.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Scholarly Publics

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Outline the basic structure of a research report written for a nonscholarly interest group and explain how this differs in structure and style from a research report written for scholarly readers.

Learning Objective: 14.4: Explain how writing for interest groups and news media differs from writing scholarly papers.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Interest Groups

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Explain briefly what is meant by a poster session at a scholarly conference.

Learning Objective: 14.2: Describe the format and style of a conventional scholarly research report.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Conference Presentations

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Explain how writing a scholarly research paper can limit the extent to which potentially interested publics will know about the research.

Learning Objective: 14.4: Explain how writing for interest groups and news media differs from writing scholarly papers.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Interest Groups

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Discuss the extent to which writing a news release based on a scholarly research project is an ethical decision and how well or how much your readers should be informed.

Learning Objective: 14.7: Explain how reporting research findings can have ethical implications.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: News Media

Difficulty Level: Hard

6. Discuss whether journalists have a responsibility to cite the original scholarly research paper and literature they are reporting on so that interested readers and viewers can read the original research.

Learning Objective: 14.7: Explain how reporting research findings can have ethical implications.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: News Media

Difficulty Level: Hard

7. Discuss, with examples, whether the scholarly research reports can ever be or should ever be objective.

Learning Objective: 14.7: Explain how reporting research findings can have ethical implications.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Subjective—Objective (Language and Bias)

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Explain the concept of voice in scholarly writing.

Learning Objective: 14.2: Describe the format and style of a conventional scholarly research report.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Scholarly Publications

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. What approaches would be best for explaining scholarly research to other researchers in the same interest area?

Learning Objective: 14.3: Explain why the format and style of scholarly reports are necessary when writing for a scholarly audience.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Scholarly Publics

Difficulty Level: Hard

10. How could scholarly research best be explained and presented to news media?

Learning Objective: 14.4: Explain how writing for interest groups and news media differs from writing scholarly papers.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: News Media

Difficulty Level: Hard

11. Style guides suggest that there is one best way to present research results. Explain why this might or might not be true.

Learning Objective: 14.3: Explain why the format and style of scholarly reports are necessary when writing for a scholarly audience.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Scholarly Publications

Difficulty Level: Hard

12. What are the differences between panel presentations and poster papers at an academic conference?

Learning Objective: 14.3: Explain why the format and style of scholarly reports are necessary when writing for a scholarly audience.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Conference Presentations

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. Briefly explain how the Internet has changed how we disseminate research.

Learning Objective: 14.5: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of websites, blogs, and podcasts for disseminating and explaining research findings.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Disseminating Research

Difficulty Level: Medium