Chapter 08: Biologic Foundations of Psychiatric Nursing

Format: Multiple Choice

Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

Cognitive Level: Apply

Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

Objective: 1

Page and Header: 90 and 91, Neurophysiology of the Central Nervous System

1. A nurse is teaching a medication class to a group of psychiatric clients. One of the students asks, “Why am I having so much more trouble learning now that I am 60 than I did when I was younger?” Which concept would the nurse integrate into the response?

A) The extrapyramidal motor system

B) The amygdala

C) Neuroplasticity

D) Psychoneuroimmunology

Page and Header: 86, Left and Right Hemispheres

2. When teaching a client about the brain, which area would a nurse identify when describing the part of the brain involved with verbal language function, including areas for both receptive and expressive speech?

A) Right hemisphere

B) Parietal lobe

C) Occipital lobe

D) Left hemisphere

Page and Header: 86, Left and Right Hemispheres

3. A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client experiencing expressive aphasia. The nurse incorporates knowledge that the client most likely has sustained damage to what area?

A) The postcentral gyrus

B) Broca’s area

C) Basal ganglia

D) The hippocampus

Page and Header: 86, Frontal Lobes

4. A nurse is caring for an older adult who has experienced damage to the frontal lobe after an automobile accident. The nurse anticipates that the client will have difficulty with which function?

A) Smell

B) Concept formation

C) Receptive speech

D) Hearing

Page and Header: 87, Parietal Lobes

5. A nurse is caring for a client who has experienced damage to the parietal lobes of the brain. The nurse anticipates that the client will have difficulty with which activity?

A) Perceiving motor input

B) Calculating a math problem

C) Seeing objects in front of the client

D) Speaking fluently

Page and Header: 87, Temporal Lobes

6. A client has been diagnosed with memory dysfunction associated with Alzheimer’s disease. The nurse determines that damage to the client’s brain includes deterioration of temporal lobe structures and the nerves of which area?

A) Basal ganglia

B) Limbic system

C) Frontal lobe

D) Hippocampus

Page and Header: 89, Hypothalamus

7. The nurse is caring for a hospitalized client who has been diagnosed with a disorder of the hypothalamus. When developing the client’s plan of care, in which area would the nurse anticipate a problem?

A) Sleep

B) Constipation

C) Speech

D) Motor activity

Page and Header: 105, Electroencephalography

8. A client who is scheduled to undergo a sleep-deprivation electroencephalogram (EEG) in the morning is experiencing moderate anxiety about the procedure. Based on an understanding of this test, which would the nurse avoid?

A) Explaining in depth what to expect during the upcoming procedure

B) Administering a benzodiazepine medication prescribed for anxiety

C) Taking a thorough history of the client’s use of prescribed and illicit drugs

D) Giving the client a noncaffeinated beverage of choice

Page and Header: 104, Chronobiology

9. A nursing instructor asks a student to explain the influence of chronobiology on depression. Which description would the student include when responding?

A) The exact location of genes leads to identifying the gene responsible for causing depression.

B) A break in the corpus callosum blocks information exchange between the right and left hemispheres.

C) Damage to the posterior areas of the parietal lobe leads to altered discriminative sensory function.

D) Internal and external triggers can elicit biologic rhythm changes indicative of clinical depression.

Page and Header: 94, Acetylcholine

10. When describing the various neurotransmitters, which would a nurse identify as the primary cholinergic neurotransmitter?

A) Dopamine

B) Acetylcholine

C) Norepinephrine

D) Serotonin

Page and Header: 98, Neuropeptides

11. A nurse is reviewing the various neurotransmitters and their functions. The nurse demonstrates understanding by identifying which substance as a neuropeptide?

A) Somatostatin

B) Serotonin

C) Glutamate

D) Gamma-aminobutyric acid

Page and Header: 90, Table 8.1. Peripheral Organ Response in the Autonomic Nervous System

12. A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing anxiety and observes increased sweating and goose flesh. The nurse understands that these symptoms are the result of which substance?

A) Acetylcholine

B) Norepinephrine

C) Serotonin

D) Histamine

Page and Header: 96, Dopamine

13. A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client diagnosed with schizophrenia. The nurse integrates knowledge of this disorder, identifying which neurotransmitter as being primarily involved?

A) Acetylcholine

B) Dopamine

C) Norepinephrine

D) Serotonin

Page and Header: 99, Table 8.3. Selected Neurotransmitters and Receptors

14. A group of students is reviewing information about neurotransmitter subtypes. The group demonstrates understanding of the information when they identify which neurotransmitter as having muscarinic and nicotinic receptors?

A) Serotonin

B) Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

C) Dopamine

D) Acetylcholine

Page and Header: 100–101, Population Genetics

15. A psychiatric–mental health nurse is describing to a group of colleagues how information is gathered about the inheritance of mental disorders using population genetics. The nurse determines that additional discussion is needed when the group identifies which method as being used for evaluation?

A) Concordance rates of twins

B) Occurrence among first-degree relatives

C) Risk factor analysis

D) Adoption studies

Page and Header: 104, Laboratory Tests

16. A client is scheduled for a challenge test. Which information would a nurse include when explaining this test to the client?

A) Intravenous administration of a substance to induce symptoms

B) Application of electrodes to the scalp for monitoring

C) Evaluation of electrical impulses recorded on graph paper

D) Exposure to a flashing strobe light to elicit abnormal activity

Page and Header: 105, Polysomnography

17. A client with depression tells a nurse, “I have a test that involves the recording of an electroencephalogram (EEG) throughout the night.” The nurse most likely identifies this as what type of testing?

A) Sleep-deprivation EEG

B) Polysomnography

C) Evoked potentials

D) Functional magnetic resonance imaging

Page and Header: 96, Dopamine

18. A group of nurses is reviewing the role of serotonin in psychiatric disorders. The group demonstrates a need for additional study when they identify which disorder as being associated with its dysfunction?

A) Depression

B) Mania

C) Panic disorder

D) Schizophrenia

Page and Header: 99, Lock and Key

19. When describing neuronal transmission, an instructor describes the area where the electrical intracellular signal becomes a chemical one. The instructor is describing what area?

A) Soma

B) Synaptic cleft

C) Terminal

D) Receptor site

Page and Header: 101–103, Psychoneuroimmunology

20. A nurse is reading a journal article about psychoneuroimmunology. Which information would the nurse most likely find? Select all that apply.

A) Neurotoxin’s role in receptor site damage

B) Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis disruption

C) Static activity of T and B cells in response to stress

D) Hypothalamic damage leading to immune dysfunction

E) Interruption in the typical circadian rhythm cycle