Chapter 4 The Court System Exam Questions

Chapter 4: The Court System

Test Bank

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 01

1. The United States has what is called a dual-court system.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 02

2. Jurisdiction in the court system refers to a specific geographic area.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 3

3. The New Jersey Plan included all but which of the following?

a. The establishment of one federal court

b. Sole jurisdiction of federal matters in federal courts

c. States to maintain some control over federal court matters

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 4

4. The Virginia Plan included all of the following except

a. a broad and more centralized federal court system.

b. a Supreme Court and various lower federal court.

c. state involvement in federal court matters.

d. a federal judiciary system.

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 05

5. The U.S. Supreme Court has both appellate and original jurisdiction.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 06

6. ___________ means that cases do not originate there and these courts only hear cases that are brought up on appeal, after a lower court has decided an outcome.

a. Circuit court jurisdiction

b. Appellate jurisdiction

c. Federal jurisdiction

d. Original jurisdiction

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 07

7. The trial courts of the federal system are called the

a. district courts.

b. dual jurisdiction courts.

c. administrative courts.

d. criminal courts.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 08

8. Which of the following is NOT true of Trial Courts of Limited Jurisdiction?

a. They handle the bulk of cases in the court system.

b. They primarily handle misdemeanors and traffic offenses.

c. They are the felony trial courts.

d. They comprise the vast majority of courts in the United States.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 09

9. In what level courts do judges conduct bail hearings, assign counsel, accept guilty pleas, conduct misdemeanor trials, sentence defendants, conduct preliminary hearings, issue warrants, and rule on the admissibility of evidence?

a. Appeals courts

b. Lower level courts

c. Trial courts

d. Administrative courts

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 10

10. The method for selecting judges that a group of lawyers and citizens making recommendations to the governor, the governor appointing the judge, and an eventual “retention election” is called

a. gubernatorial selection.

b. merit selection.

c. electoral selection.

d. legislative appointment.

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 11

11. It has been argued that prosecutors exercise more discretion than judges.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 12

12. The __________ system is usually a state- or county-administered organization that specializes in defending the poor.

a. public defender

b. appointed attorney

c. pro bono

d. private attorney

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 13

13. In _________________, the Court ruled that poor defendants charged with felonies have the right to court-appointed counsel.

a. Mapp v. Ohio

b. Terry v. Ohio

c. Miranda v. Arizona

d. Gideon v. Wainwright

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 14

14. At what stage are defendants informed of the charges against them, a bail decision is made, representation by a defense attorney is arranged (if applicable), and a date is set for the next stage in the case?

a. Arraignment

b. Initial appearance

c. Opening arguments

d. Appeals

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 15

15. A(n) ________________ occurs when a lower-court judge (not the judge at initial appearance) views the evidence against the defendant to determine if there is enough probable cause to proceed to trial.

a. initial appearance

b. arraignment

c. preliminary hearing

d. bail setting

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 16

16. It is during arraignment that the defendant is required to enter a plea to the formal charges against him or her.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 17

17. The term __________________ refers to the movement of large caseloads through the court spending little time on cases so that each case is handled in a quick and efficient manner in order to move on to the next.

a. expediency

b. assembly-line justice

c. exigent processing

d. production line justice

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 18

18. The questioning of the jury pool is called

a. peremptory challenges.

b. voir dire.

c. removal for cause.

d. venire.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 19

19. Under a __________________ lawyers may dismiss a limited number of jurors based on reasons that do not need to be specified to the court.

a. removal for cause

b. voir dire

c. peremptory challenge

d. challenge for cause

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 20

20. The type of evidence that implies or infers guilt on the part of the defendant is called

a. direct evidence.

b. presumptive evidence.

c. eyewitness evidence.

d. circumstantial evidence.

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 21

21. Determinate sentencing has been the primary method of sentencing utilized in the states over the past 100 years.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 22

22. In ______________________ judges sentence a defendant to a minimum and maximum range of time.

a. fixed sentencing

b. indeterminate sentencing

c. determinate sentencing

d. discretionary sentencing

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 23

23. Habitual offender statutes impose a substantial prison sentence for multiple misdemeanor convictions.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 24

24. Intermediate sanctions include all but which of the following?

a. Intensive supervision probation

b. Probation

c. Electronic monitoring

d. Boot camps

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 25

25. Prosecutors and defense counsel can appeal the findings of guilt or innocence from the trial stage.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 26

26. Restorative justice provides all but which of the following?

a. Allows offenders to understand the harms they have caused

b. Victims are able to provide input and participate in the process.

c. Victim restitution

d. Appellate review

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 27

27. The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that denying bail for purposes of preventive detention is unconstitutional.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 28

28. Federal judges are elected to their positions by voters.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 29

29. Caseloads in state courts outnumber caseloads in federal courts.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 30

30. Which of the following is NOT considered a specialized court?

a. Drug Courts

b. Veterans’ Courts

c. Mental Health Courts

d. Civil Court

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 31

31. The United States has the highest incarceration rate in the world.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 32

32. The vast majority of convictions in the court system are achieved through plea agreements.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 33

33. Which of the following is true about state courts of appeal?

a. Not all states utilize courts of appeal.

b. They hold trials when trial courts are overcrowded.

c. They are the only appellate courts in some states.

d. They are also called “justice of the peace” courts.

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 34

34. The crime control model of justice focuses on providing due process to offenders.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 35

35. What was the purpose of the Judiciary Act of 1789?

a. It appointed the president.

b. It created the lower federal courts.

c. It established judicial review.

d. It created the U.S. Supreme Court.

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 36

36. The U.S. Supreme Court must hear all cases that come before it.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 37

37. What is the term for when all judges in an appellate circuit sit to hear a case?

a. Judicial review

b. Appellate proceeding

c. En banc

d. Discretion

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 38

38. Who is considered the most visible actor in the courtroom?

a. Judge

b. Prosecutor

c. Defense attorney

d. Court reporter

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 39

39. What is the term for the highest level prosecutor in the federal court system?

a. District attorney

b. Circuit prosecutor

c. Attorney general

d. Chief prosecutor

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 40

40. What is the term for the choice of a defendant to defend himself in court?

a. Pro bono

b. Pro se

c. Quid pro quo

d. Quo vadis

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 41

41. At trial, the prosecutor has the burden of proving a defendant guilty with clear and convincing evidence.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 42

42. If a hung jury is declared, a defendant may be prosecuted again for the same charge.

a. True

b. False

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 43

43. A “collateral attack” is a term that refers to

a. the elements of a crime.

b. how jurors must deliberate.

c. how victims must testify at trial.

d. civil lawsuits filed after an appeal by the defendant.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 44

44. Explain the difference between Trial Courts of General Jurisdiction and Trial Courts of Limited Jurisdiction.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 45

45. List the various functions performed by the prosecutor.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 46

46. List and define different methods of judicial appointment.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 47

47. List and briefly describe the initial stages of court processing.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 48

48. Provide a brief outline of the steps in the actual trial.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 49

49. Explain the use and value of sentencing guidelines.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 04 - Question 50

50. What is the FISA Court?