Ch7 The Human Body In Health And Disease Full Test Bank

Test Generator Questions, Chapter 7, The Human Body in Health and Disease

Format:  Multiple Choice

Chapter Number:  7

Client Needs:  Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

Cognitive Level:  Remember

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  110, How the Body Is Organized

1. Physiology is the study of:

A) what body parts look like and where they are located.

B) the structure and function of the human body.

C) how the various body parts work.

D) how organisms are created.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  110, How the Body Is Organized

2. The basic unit of life is:

A) a cell

B) a tissue

C) an organ

D) an organ system

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  110, How the Body Is Organized

3. Which is like the cell’s “brain”?

A) The cytoplasm

B) The cell nucleus

C) The cell organelles

D) The cell membrane

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  126, Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular System

4. Which cell transports oxygen throughout the body?

A) Red blood

B) Epithelial

C) Muscle

D) Nerve

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  110, How the Body Is Organized

5. Which is considered connective tissue?

A) Mucous membrane

B) Blood

C) Skin

D) Glands

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  113, The Integumentary System

6. Which organ is included in the integumentary system?

A) The fingernails

B) The gallbladder

C) The pancreas

D) The ureters

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  110, How the Body Is Organized

7. What does epithelial tissue do?

A) It connects tissues together.

B) It produces movement.

C) It conducts information.

D) It protects the body.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  110, How the Body Is Organized

8. Which statement correctly describes homeostasis?

A) It causes problems by invading otherwise healthy tissues.

B) It reduces the immune system’s ability to fight off infection.

C) It is a state of balance achieved by all the organ systems working together.

D) It occurs when the structure or function of an organ or organ system is abnormal.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objectives:  3 and 5

Page and Header:  113, The Integumentary System

9. The purpose of melanin is to:

A) keep the skin lubricated.

B) aid in temperature regulation.

C) give our skin, hair, and eyes color.

D) form the hair and nails found on the body.

Difficulty:  Moderate

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  113, The Integumentary System

10. In which layer of the skin do blood vessels and nerves originate?

A) The surface layer of the epidermis

B) The deep layer of the epidermis

C) The subcutaneous

D) The dermis

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  113, The Integumentary System

11. The integumentary system consists of which structure(s)? Select all that apply.

A) Skin

B) Hair

C) Nails

D) Sweat glands

E) Mucous membrane

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  113, The Integumentary System

12. What is a function(s) of the skin? Select all that apply.

A) Prevents pathogens from entering the body.

B) Improves a person’s appearance.

C) Maintains the body’s fluid balance.

D) Regulates body temperature.

E) Prevents skin blemishes.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  4

Page and Header:  113, The Integumentary System

13. Which is not a normal sign of the aging process?

A) Thick, yellow nails

B) Gray hair

C) Age spots

D) Bluish skin

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  4

Page and Header:  113, The Integumentary System

14. When caring for an elderly person, which action should be avoided?

A) Gripping the person’s arm to help them to stand

B) Filing the fingernails with an emery board

C) Patting the skin dry after a bath

D) Applying lotion after a bath

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  4

Page and Header:  113, The Integumentary System

15. Which change to the integumentary system is to be expected with aging?

A) Decreased blood flow to the dermis

B) Increased number of sebaceous glands

C) Thin, fragile nails

D) Pallor

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header: 116, The Musculoskeletal System; 118, Figure 7-6

16. Which describes long bones?

A) They are relatively thin and may be curved.

B) They have a shaft and two round ends.

C) They are round or oval shaped.

D) They are solid and inflexible.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  6

Page and Header:   116, The Musculoskeletal System

17. What is cartilage?

A) Bands of connective tissue that attach the skeletal muscles to the bones.

B) A capsule formed of connective tissue that encloses the ends of the bones, forming a joint cavity.

C) A tough, fibrous substance that fills in the space between the bones in slightly movable joints.

D) The strong bands of fibrous tissue that cross over the joint capsule, attaching one bone to another and stabilizing the joint.

Difficulty:  Moderate

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  4

Page and Header:  116, The Musculoskeletal System

18. Which is a freely movable joint(s)? Select all that apply.

A) The hip

B) The finger

C) The skull

D) The vertebrae

E) The knee

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  116, The Musculoskeletal System

19. Which are important functions of the musculoskeletal system? Select all that apply.

A) Support

B) Protection

C) Movement

D) Heat production

E) Normal growth

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  5

Page and Header:  116, The Musculoskeletal System

20. The loss of bone tissue that occurs as a normal result of aging is the result of a:

A) lack of exercise.

B) diet low in calcium.

C) decrease in the number of bone cells.

D) decrease in the body’s ability to absorb calcium.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  6

Page and Header:  116, The Musculoskeletal System

21. What is muscle atrophy?

A) The loss of muscle size and strength.

B) The type of muscle tissue found in the musculoskeletal system.

C) A disorder that causes the skeletal muscles to become weaker over time.

D) Increased muscle size and strength as a result of weight-bearing exercise.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  5

Page and Header:  116, The Musculoskeletal System

22. An elderly person may feel chilly in a room that a younger person would consider warm or even hot primarily because:

A) the elderly person has thin, fragile skin.

B) elderly people tend to be thin and frail.

C) age-related muscle loss affects the body’s ability to produce heat.

D) the thermoregulatory center does not work as well in elderly people.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  4

Page and Header:  121, The Respiratory System

23. What lines the airway?

A) Mucous membrane

B) Cartilage

C) Alveoli

D) Pleura

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  121, The Respiratory System

24. Which part of the upper airway is referred to as the voice box?

A) The bronchioles

B) The diaphragm

C) The pharynx

D) The larynx

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  121, The Respiratory System

25. Which characteristic is an indication of healthy lung tissue?

A) It is elastic.

B) It is dense.

C) It is very red.

D) It is pale pink.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  4

Page and Header:  121, The Respiratory System

26. What is the diaphragm?

A) A group of special cells located in the medulla that adjusts the rate and depth of breathing as necessary

B) A strong, dome-shaped muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity and plays an important role in ventilation

C) A “C”-shaped ring of cartilage that helps to support the trachea and keep it open

D) A membrane that prevents foreign substances from entering the delicate lungs

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  121, The Respiratory System

27. What role do chemoreceptors play in the respiratory system?

A) They monitor the amount of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the blood and adjust the rate and depth of breathing as necessary.

B) They move the diaphragm upward, pushing the air in the alveoli out of the lungs.

C) They secrete a thin fluid that allows the lungs to slide easily against the chest cavity walls during the process of breathing.

D) They are blood vessels that surround the alveoli, giving healthy lung tissue its brilliant pink color.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  121, The Respiratory System

28. Which factor reduces the respiratory system’s ability to function properly? Select all that apply.

A) Gender

B) Immobility

C) Chronic illness

D) Being African American

E) Exposure to toxic chemicals

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  121, The Respiratory System

29. Why are older adults at increased risk for respiratory infections?

A) The diaphragm and intercostal muscles become weaker with age.

B) Many older adults spend a lot of time with their grandchildren, who are often sick with respiratory infections.

C) With age, the elastic lung tissue of the lungs stretches, increasing the amount of air that is taken in and let out with each breath.

D) Older adults are more likely to be smokers.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  125, The Cardiovascular System

30. Phagocytosis is the:

A) process in the center of the red blood cell where the hemoglobin sits.

B) process of releasing chemicals that causes a permanent clot to develop.

C) development of white blood cells that destroy pathogens by “eating” them.

D) development of transporting oxygen molecules attached to the hemoglobin in tissue.

Difficulty:  Moderate

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  125, The Cardiovascular System

31. The walls of the arteries contain more smooth muscle than those of the veins because arteries:

A) are smaller than the veins.

B) have thinner walls than the veins.

C) need to contract and dilate more than veins do.

D) rely on the effects of gravity to move blood.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  125, The Cardiovascular System

32. The purpose of the valves in the heart is to:

A) help blood flow back to the heart.

B) ensure that blood flows through the heart in only one direction.

C) filter and clean the blood as it passes through the entire heart.

D) separate the left and right atria and the left and right ventricles.

Difficulty:  Moderate

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  125, The Cardiovascular System

33. How does the heart receive the oxygen and nutrients it needs to function?

A) Oxygen and nutrients are absorbed from the blood as it passes through the heart.

B) The pulmonary artery delivers oxygen-rich blood to the heart from the lungs.

C) The conduction system through its ability to make the heart contract.

D) The coronary circulation through its system of arteries and veins.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  4

Page and Header:  121, The Respiratory System

34. What does the word respiratory refer to?

A) The heart

B) The blood

C) The platelets

D) The lungs

Difficulty:  Moderate

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  125, The Cardiovascular System

35. Which are the functions of the cardiovascular system? Select all that apply.

A) Protection from infection and blood loss

B) Transportation of oxygen and nutrients

C) Production of urine

D) Moving waste products

E) Creating hormones

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  4

Page and Header:  125, The Cardiovascular System

36. When the chambers of the heart fill with blood, this is referred to as:

A) asystole

B) diastole

C) systole

D) death

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  125, The Cardiovascular System

37. Which event affects the ability of the heart to contract forcefully?

A) A decreased number of red blood cells

B) A decreased number of white blood cells

C) A loss of muscle tone

D) A loss of proteins

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  125, The Cardiovascular System

38. Which age-related condition decreases the body’s ability to control blood pressure and flow?

A) Decreased elasticity of the arteries and veins

B) Less efficient contraction of the heart

C) Orthostatic hypotension

D) Varicose veins

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  4

Page and Header:  131, The Nervous System

39. A neuron is a:

A) long extension from the cell body that sends information.

B) cell that can send and receive information.

C) nerve impulse.

D) sensory receptor.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  131, The Nervous System

40. The two main divisions of the nervous system are the:

A) myelin and the synapse.

B) synapse and the axon.

C) central and peripheral.

D) dendrite and the neuron.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  131, The Nervous System

41. The dura mater is a:

A) clear fluid that protects the brain and spinal cord.

B) web-like layer of connective tissue that covers the brain and spinal cord.

C) thick, tough outer layer of connective tissue that is attached to the inside of the skull and the vertebrae.

D) thin delicate layer of connective tissue rich in blood vessels that is attached to the surface of the brain and spinal cord.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  131, The Nervous System

42. Cerebrospinal fluid is located between the:

A) pia mater and the dura mater.

B) arachnoid mater and the dura mater.

C) pia mater and the arachnoid mater.

D) arachnoid mater and the corpus callosum.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  131, The Nervous System

43. The component of the brain that helps to coordinate the brain’s commands so that the muscles move smoothly and in an orderly fashion is the:

A) brain stem.

B) cerebellum.

C) diencephalon.

D) cerebrum.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  131, The Nervous System

44. Body temperature, fluid balance, and some of the emotions are controlled by the:

A) thalamus.

B) cerebellum.

C) cerebrum.

D) hypothalamus.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  131, The Nervous System

45. How many pairs of nerves are connected to the spinal cord?

A) Thirty-one pairs

B) Twenty-three pairs

C) Forty pairs

D) Thirty pairs

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header: 131, The Nervous System

46. The function of the cerebrum is to:

A) play a role in balance.

B) control the voluntary movement of muscles.

C) regulate the internal environment of the body.

D) sort out the impulses that arrive via the spinal cord.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  131, The Nervous System

47. The main function of the nervous system is to:

A) allow us to move.

B) respond to information.

C) help us cope with stress.

D) protect the body from diseases.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header: 135, The Sensory System

48. Which special senses provide the brain with information about the outside world? Select all that apply.

A) Smell

B) Touch

C) Taste

D) Hearing

E) Respect

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  6

Page and Header:  131, The Nervous System

49. Older people often take longer to react to things because with age the:

A) number of neurons decreases.

B) synapses become wider.

C) amount of myelin decreases.

D) amount of chemical transmitter increases.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  131, The Nervous System

50. Dementia is a:

A) degenerative brain disease leading to a severe memory loss.

B) normal age-related change in one’s ability to remember well.

C) memory loss that eventually affects everyone over a certain age.

D) temporary state of confusion often caused by medication taken by older adults.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  135, The Sensory System

51. It is true that sensory receptor cells are: (Select all that apply.)

A) stimulated when something comes in contact with the skin.

B) specialized cells associated with a sensory nerve.

C) special cells that detect chemicals in the food we eat.

D) found only in the ear that help sense sounds.

E) groups of cells that interpret sensory stimuli.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  135, The Sensory System

52. What term is used to identify our ability to touch, to position ourselves, and to feel pain?

A) General sense

B) Special sense

C) Tactile receptors

D) Chemoreceptors

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  135, The Sensory System

53. It is true that pain tells us that we: (Select all that apply.)

A) are ill.

B) have been injured.

C) have need for surgery.

D) have overworked a muscle group.

E) are experiencing an organ problem.

Difficulty:  Moderate

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  6

Page and Header:  135, The Sensory System

54. When a person’s senses of taste and smell are decreased, he or she is at an increased risk for:

A) over-seasoning food with salt and having hypertension.

B) burning the roof of the mouth on food that is too hot.

C) eating spoiled food and getting food poisoning.

D) gaining weight as a result of overeating.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  4

Page and Header:  135, The Sensory System

55. The sclera is the:

A) colored part of the eye.

B) muscular structure that attaches to the lens of the eye.

C) tough outer layer of the eye made of connective tissue.

D) innermost layer of the eye that contains receptors called rods and cones.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  5

Page and Header:  135, The Sensory System

56. Which is a part(s) of the inner ear? Select all that apply.

A) The semicircular canals

B) The vestibule

C) The cochlea

D) The retina

E) The iris

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  6

Page and Header:  135, The Sensory System

57. What causes presbycusis?

A) Dementia

B) The normal aging process

C) A buildup of fluid in the middle ear

D) A buildup of cerumen in the external auditory canal

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  139, The Endocrine System

58. Which are endocrine glands? Select all that apply.

A) Sweat

B) Pituitary

C) Thymus

D) Pineal

E) Salivary

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  139, The Endocrine System

59. Where are the endocrine glands located?

A) In the brain

B) Throughout the body

C) On the skin

D) In the digestive tract

Difficulty:  Moderate

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  139, The Endocrine System

60. Which is not an effect of hormones?

A) Samuel gets taller.

B) Julia menstruates.

C) Tim grows a moustache.

D) Sarah likes sugar in her tea.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  139, The Endocrine System

61. Which endocrine gland helps to regulate the body’s metabolism?

A) The pancreas

B) The thyroid

C) The parathyroid

D) The thymus

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  140, Table 7-2 The Endocrine System

62. Epinephrine is secreted by the:

A) pancreas.

B) gallbladder.

C) adrenal gland.

D) thymus gland.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  139, The Endocrine System

63. Which hormone causes the kidneys to save body fluid by decreasing the amount of urine produced?

A) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

B) Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

C) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

D) Prolactin

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  139, The Endocrine System

64. Which hormone is involved in successful breast-feeding?

A) Adrenocorticotropic

B) Prolactin

C) Thyroxine

D) Estrogen

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  139, The Endocrine System

65. Which hormone helps to regulate the body’s sleep–wake cycle?

A) Thyroxine

B) Melatonin

C) Calcitonin

D) Thymosin

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  4

Page and Header:  139, The Endocrine System

66. Which is a normal age-related change affecting the endocrine system?

A) Menopause

B) Pregnancy

C) Type II diabetes mellitus

D) Decreased sexual drive

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  143, The Digestive System

67. Which layer of the digestive tract helps to trap disease-causing microbes and protect the delicate tissues of the digestive tract from stomach acid?

A) The submucosa

B) The muscle layer

C) The mucosa

D) The serosa

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  143, The Digestive System

68. Which sphincter keeps food from going back up the esophagus after it has entered the stomach?

A) The esophageal

B) The pyloric

C) The fundal

D) The exit

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  143, The Digestive System

69. Which are the regions of the small intestine? Select all that apply.

A) The ascending colon

B) The duodenum

C) The jejunum

D) The rectum

E) The ileum

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  143, The Digestive System

70. The function of the cecum is to:

A) help absorb nutrients.

B) digest the food that we eat.

C) prevent food from backing up into the stomach.

D) act as a “waiting room” for food entering the large intestine.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  143, The Digestive System

71. Where is the appendix located?

A) Attached to the cecum

B) Behind the stomach

C) At the back of the mouth

D) Attached to the liver

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  139, The Endocrine System

72. Which organ secretes hormones that regulate blood glucose levels?

A) The salivary glands

B) The gallbladder

C) The pancreas

D) The liver

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objectives:  2 and 4

Page and Header:  143, The Digestive System

73. Which assists in the digestion of food?

A) Chyme

B) Enzymes

C) Protein

D) Insulin

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  143, The Digestive System

74. What increases the small intestine’s ability to absorb nutrients?

A) The submucosa

B) The jejunum

C) The villi

D) The rugae

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  143, The Digestive System

75. In an older person, the movement of food through the digestive tract may be slower. This can put the older person at risk for:

A) cancer.

B) diabetes.

C) heart attack.

D) constipation.

Difficulty:  Moderate

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  143, The Digestive System

76. Which increases an older person’s risk of choking? Select all that apply.

A) Food cut into small bites

B) Poorly fitting denture

C) Sores on the tongue

D) Missing teeth

E) A toothache

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  143, The Digestive System

77. Which increases an older person’s risk of constipation?

A) Immobility

B) Presence of pain

C) Increased peristalsis

D) High fiber in the diet

Difficulty:  Moderate

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  143, The Digestive System

78. A relaxed, social environment for eating is important because it: (Select all that apply.)

A) can reduce the risk of choking.

B) may stimulate a person’s appetite.

C) increases the nutritional value of the food.

D) is an important part of providing holistic care.

E) helps prevent overeating and so minimizes the risk of obesity.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objectives:  1 and 2

Page and Header:  147, The Urinary System

79. Urine from each nephron is emptied into a collecting area called the:

A) renal pelvis.

B) glomerulus.

C) efferent arteriole.

D) afferent arteriole.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objectives:  1 and 2

Page and Header:  147, The Urinary System

80. The urine that flows into the bladder is prevented from backing up into the ureters by the:

A) internal sphincter.

B) afferent arteriole.

C) efferent arteriole.

D) trigone.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  147, The Urinary System

81. It is true for men that the urethra:

A) is about 1.5 to 2.5 in.

B) begins at the urinary meatus.

C) is used only as a passageway for urine to leave the body.

D) is a passageway for both urine and semen to leave the body.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  147, The Urinary System

82. A person feels the urge to urinate when the:

A) renal pelvis is full of urine.

B) upper segments of the ureters are full of urine.

C) internal sphincter opens and allows urine to flow.

D) nephron signals the brain to allow urine to collect.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  147, The Urinary System

83. The urinary system helps maintain the body’s homeostasis by: (Select all that apply.)

A) removing waste products from the body.

B) removing excess fluid from the body.

C) regulating the acidity of the blood.

D) keeping the body well hydrated

E) introducing fluid into the body.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  147, The Urinary System

84. Which statement(s) regarding the effects of aging on the urinary system is true? Select all that apply.

A) Loss of muscle tone can reduce bladder capacity.

B) Loss of muscle may contribute to stress incontinence.

C) Enlargement of the prostate gland may cause women to “dribble” urine.

D) The kidneys’ ability to filter waste products from the bloodstream may decrease.

E) Incomplete emptying of the bladder increases the risk of urinary tract infections.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  147, The Urinary System

85. Because of the changes the aging process has on the urinary system, older residents are at risk for:

A) bladder cancer.

B) bladder spasms.

C) urinary infections.

D) benign kidney tumors.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  6

Page and Header:  151, The Reproductive System

86. How many chromosomes does a person usually have?

A) 2

B) 23

C) 46

D) 100

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  4

Page and Header:  151, The Reproductive System

87. Which is a function of the male reproductive system?

A) To deposit sperm cells so that fertilization can occur.

B) To produce eggs containing 23 chromosomes.

C) To nourish the developing fetus.

D) To receive sperm cells.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objectives:  2 and 4

Page and Header:  151, The Reproductive System

88. Conception (fertilization) occurs when the:

A) sperm enters the female body.

B) sperm joins the egg.

C) egg is released from the ovary.

D) egg lodges in the lining of the uterus.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objectives:  2 and 4

Page and Header:  151, The Reproductive System

89. The main function of the reproductive system in both males and females is to:

A) produce and transport sex cells.

B) provide nourishment after the baby’s birth.

C) contain and nourish a developing baby.

D) give birth.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  1

Page and Header:  151, The Reproductive System

90. The internal organs of the female reproductive system include the: (Select all that apply.)

A) fallopian tubes.

B) ovaries.

C) vagina.

D) vulva.

E) labia.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  6

Page and Header:  151, The Reproductive System

91. Ovulation is defined as the:

A) release of a ripe, mature egg from the ovaries each month.

B) production of eggs to be stored in the ovaries.

C) process of storing eggs in the ovaries.

D) process of fertilizing an egg.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  151, The Reproductive System

92. The breasts in women produce milk when:

A) stimulated by prolactin.

B) sexually stimulated.

C) puberty occurs.

D) conception occurs.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header:  151, The Reproductive System

93. An egg that is mature but not fertilized:

A) remains in the uterus until the next menstrual cycle.

B) passes into the uterus, where it is usually dissolved.

C) goes back into the ovary through the fallopian tubes.

D) stays inside the fallopian tube until the next menstrual cycle.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  5

Page and Header:  151, The Reproductive System

94. Symptoms associated with menopause include: (Select all that apply.)

A) hot flashes.

B) irritability.

C) weight loss.

D) a loss of energy.

E) inability to sleep.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  3

Page and Header:  151, The Reproductive System

95. Sperm cells are produced in the:

A) penis.

B) testicles.

C) vas deferens.

D) prostate gland.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  4

Page and Header:  151, The Reproductive System

96. Sperm cells are mixed with secretions from the seminal vesicles and the prostate gland to form semen in the:

A) prostate gland.

B) vas deferens.

C) epididymis.

D) urethra.

Difficulty:  Moderate

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  5

Page and Header:  151, The Reproductive System

97. Most men find that as they get older, erections occur less frequently resulting from a decrease in the production of:

A) testosterone.

B) progesterone.

C) luteinizing hormone.

D) follicle-stimulating hormone.

Difficulty:  Moderate

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  2

Page and Header: 151, The Reproductive System

98. When a woman who has given birth needs to give breast milk to her infant, the nursing assistant will help the woman:

A) place the baby so the breast nipple can be sucked.

B) by encouraging her to drink several glasses of fluids.

C) place a cool washcloth on the breasts.

D) with privacy.

Difficulty:  Easy

Integrated Process:  Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process)

Objective:  5

Page and Header:  151, The Reproductive System

99. After menopause, some older women may develop:

A) bad breath.

B) facial hair.

C) dandruff.

D) dry skin.