Ch.7 The Courts Test Bank Docx

Chapter 7: The Courts

Test Bank

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 1

1) Which best describes the U.S. criminal court system?

a. Organized

b. Adversarial

c. Hands-off

d. All of the above

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 2

2) The settlement of this type of disagreement is based on vengeance.

a. Civil

b. Blood feud

c. Family feud

d. Trial by battle

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 3

3) This is the schedule of cases for a court.

a. Case list

b. Docket

c. Writ

d. menu

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 4

4) This custom required that the accused perform a test decided by divine authority to prove guilt or innocence.

a. Blood feud

b. Trial by ordeal

c. Trial by battle

d. Trial by compurgation

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 5

5) This can be considered to be the first type of jury.

a. Bot

b. Wergeld

c. Grand jury

d. inquest

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 6

6) In 1166, this law was enacted to correct some of the problems of the judicial process.

a. Magna Carta

b. Assize of London

c. English Bill of Rights

d. Assize of Clarendon

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 7

7) This is a trial heard by a judge and not a jury.

a. Hearing

b. Grand jury

c. Bench trial

d. arraignment

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 8

8) This infamous 15th-century English court was established to deal with offenses such as riots, perjury, and conspiracy.

a. Court of the Chamberlain

b. King’s Court

c. Court of the Star Chamber

d. Kangaroo court

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 9

9) A formal statement of the criminal offense the defendant is accused of.

a. Inquest

b. Plea

c. Writ

d. charge

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 10

10) This case established the judiciary as equal to the executive and legislative branches of the government.

a. McCulloch v. Maryland

b. Plessy v. Ferguson

c. Tennessee v. Scopes

d. Marbury v. Madison

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 11

11) This refers to a court's authority to hear certain cases.

a. Court supremacy

b. Right to trial

c. Jurisdiction

d. Magna carta

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 12

12) In Martin v. Hunter’s Lessee (1816) and Cohens v. Virginia (1821), the Marshall court upheld this clause found in Article VI of the Constitution.

a. Supremacy

b. Sanity

c. Hands-off

d. Majority

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 13

13) The federal courts get their power from this Article of the Constitution.

a. Article I

b. Article II

c. Article III

d. Article IV

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 14

14) The U.S. district courts, U.S. courts of appeals, and the U.S. Supreme Court together compose this.

a. Appeals courts

b. Circuit courts

c. State courts

d. Federal courts

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 15

15) What are the three types of jurisdiction?

a. Subject-matter, federal, and judicial

b. Subject-matter, geographic, and hierarchical

c. State, federal, and local

d. Judicial, federal, and legislative

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 16

16) This court holds sessions at intervals within different areas of a judicial district.

a. Appellate court

b. Circuit court

c. Federal court

d. Juvenile court

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 17

17) What is the major division of the US court system?

a. Federal courts; local courts

b. Circuit courts; appellate courts

c. Geographic courts; hierarchical courts

d. Federal courts; state courts

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 18

18) These are courts of limited jurisdiction within the district courts that perform many of the federal court system’s routine, but essential tasks.

a. Magistrate court

b. Appellate court

c. Supreme Court

d. Circuit court

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 19

19) Which is not one of the four levels of the federal courts?

a. Chancery courts

b. US circuit courts of appeals

c. US district courts

d. US Supreme Court

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 20

20) These state courts differ from other courts in their goals and in how they operate.

a. Criminal courts

b. Traffic courts

c. Juvenile courts

d. Magistrate courts

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 21

21) What are the state trial courts of limited jurisdiction sometimes called?

a. Lower courts

b. Higher courts

c. Chancery courts

d. Juvenile courts

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 22

22) A superior court uses this order to call up for review the record of a case from a lower court.

a. Writ of lex talionis

b. Writ of amicus curiae

c. Writ of habeas corpus

d. Writ of certiorari

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 23

23) Which types of cases do federal courts hear?

a. cases involving violations of federal law or the Constitution

b. cases between residents of different states if the dollar amount at issue exceeds $75,000

c. cases involving bankruptcy, copyright, patent, and maritime law

d. all of the above

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 24

24) Which of the following offenses would trigger a federal charge?

a. Identity theft

b. Child pornography

c. Bank robbery

d. All of the above

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 25

25) This is the only right or protection in the Bill of Rights that is also included in all the state constitutions.

a. Protection from unreasonable search and seizure

b. Protection against cruel and unusual punishment

c. Protection from double jeopardy

d. The right to a jury trial

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 26

26) The courts do not control how they are financed, do not control how many cases they receive, cannot ensure adequate resources to carry out sentences, and cannot control their public image.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 27

27) The United States has no centralized court system.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 28

28) By the 18th century, many of the essential elements of modern criminal procedure were found in some form in English courts.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 29

29) England standardized court practices among the colonies, so U.S. courts developed in response to the English system.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 30

30) The Court of the Star Chamber was important because it demonstrated how a court could be supremely fair and humane.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 31

31) Because each of the 13 colonies was established under different conditions, the systems of government, and courts, tended to vary widely.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 32

32) State and federal courts never have concurrent jurisdiction.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 33

33) Today's grand jury is primarily a check on the prosecutor's power.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 34

34) Federal law enforcement agencies are rarely the source of criminal investigations referred to the U.S. attorneys.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 35

35) Civil cases constitute most of the district courts’ workload.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 36

36) Prisoners in either federal or state prisons can file petitions in the U.S. district courts if they believe their rights under federal law are being violated.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 34

37) The political boundaries of cities, counties, and states can determine the subject-matter jurisdiction of a court.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 38

38) Appellate courts review the work of the trial court judge and determine whether the case was handled within constitutional constraints.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 39

39) The U.S. Supreme Court is near the top of the hierarchical jurisdiction for both the federal and state court systems.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 7 - Question 40

40) "Lower courts" or "inferior courts" are called that because they are less just.

a. True

b. False