Ch5 The Impact Of Culture And Time On Business Test Bank

Chapter 5: The Impact of Culture and Time on Business Ethics

= Correct answer

Multiple Choice/Fill in the Blank

1. Which of the following terms refers to the process by which humans learn the rules, customs, skills, and values to participate in a society?

A. acculturation

B. enculturation

C. culture

D. norms and values

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Understand

AACSB: Ethics

1. Businesses that wish to achieve the dual goal of human flourishing and responsible profits should model which ethical behavior?

A. humanity in ethics

B. code of ethics

C. humanistic business model

D. business values

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Understand

AACSB: Ethics

1. Which intellectual, emotional, and social human trait affects all decision-making, including ethical decisions?

A. self-awareness

B. values

C. bias

D. attitude

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Evaluate

AACSB: Ethics

1. Which of the following describes the difference between enculturation and acculturation?

A. Enculturation refers specifically to the cultural transmission and socialization process that stems from cultural exchange, whereas acculturation refers to the process by which humans learn the rules, customs, skills, and values to participate in a society.

B. Enculturation refers to the process by which humans learn the rules, customs, skills, and values to participate in a society, whereas acculturation refers specifically to the cultural transmission and socialization process that stems from cultural exchange.

C. Enculturation refers to the culture all humans are born with, regardless of their origin, whereas acculturation refers to the process of humans learning what is considered appropriate behavior in their surrounding cultures.

D. Enculturation refers to the process of humans learning what is considered appropriate behavior in their surrounding cultures, whereas acculturation refers to the culture all humans are born with, regardless of their origin.

Difficulty: Difficult

Blooms: Analyze

AACSB: Analytical

1. Most business organizations hold three different kinds of beliefs about themselves. Which of the following is not a belief that businesses hold?

A. the belief that identifies the purpose of business itself

B. the belief that defines the organization’s mission, within its purpose

C. the beliefs about themselves, drawn from their customs, language, history, religion, and ethics

D. the belief that business is not culturally neutral

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Understand

AACSB: Ethics

1. Which of the following definitions best describes consumerism?

A. the lifestyle characterized by the acquisition of goods and services

B. the challenges of outsourcing production to lower costs and increase profits

C. the theory that global wealth is static and prosperity comes from wealth through extraction

D. the resistance to a culture or way of life emphasizing consumer goods

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Remember

AACSB: Ethics

1. Besides culture, what is another major influence in the development of business ethics? Select the best answer.

A. universal values

B. the passage of time

C. cultural norms

D. code of ethics

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Remember

AACSB: Ethics

1. Which of the following major historical periods did not shape business ethics?

A. the Middle Ages

B. the age of mercantilism

C. the Information Age

D. the age of economic globalization

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Remember

AACSB: Reflection

1. When corruption takes place, at which basic level is it a matter of conscience?

A. individual

B. organizational

C. managerial

D. societal

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Evaluate

AACSB: Interpersonal

1. Which of the following definitions best describes mercantilism?

A. a lifestyle characterized by the acquisition of goods and services

B. the view that wealth creation is the key to economic growth and prosperity

C. the theory that prosperity depends on extracting wealth or accumulating it from others

D. the theory that without a relationship, there can be no exchange of goods or services

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Remember

AACSB: Ethics

1. Business ethics exists on which of the following three levels? Select the best answer.

A. federal, state, and local

B. individual, organizational, and societal

C. individual, managerial, and corporate

D. compliance, leadership, and governmental compliance

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Evaluate

AACSB: Ethics

1. For its part, a business operates within at least how many cultures?

A. one

B. two

C. three

D. none

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Remember

AACSB: Ethics

1. The fact that KFC (Kentucky Fried Chicken) is branded in Quebec as PFK (Poulet Frit Kentucky) is an example of ________.

A. enculturation

B. globalization

C. acculturation

D. mercantilism

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Apply

AACSB: Real-world

1. Which commercial transaction in the New World exemplifies the complexity that results when different cultures, experiences, and ethical codes come into contact?

A. the “purchase” of Manhattan

B. the Dutch and Native American trade

C. the Dakota land trade

D. the Louisiana Purchase

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Remember

AACSB: Real-world

1. South Korean companies like LG and Samsung employ 52,000 workers in the United States, and many U.S. companies now manufacture their products abroad. This is an example of ________.

A. consumerism

B. globalization

C. marketing

D. mercantilism

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Understand

AACSB: Real-world

1. In 2017, Lee Jae-yong, heir to Samsung electronics, was part of a widespread corruption scandal that brought down the president of South Korea. What were some of the crimes Jae-yong was convicted of?

A. racketeering

B. bribery and embezzlement

C. wire fraud and money laundering

D. extortion

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Remember

AACSB: Real-world

1. Which seven-step guidelines are designed to help organizations with compliance and reporting?

A. ethical guidelines

B. normative business ethics

C. code of ethics

D. Federal Sentencing Guidelines

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Understand

AACSB: Application

1. If normative business ethics is to recognize and, ultimately, be based on individual ethics rather than company ethical standards, it must address which other human trait?

A. individual standards

B. cultural behavior

C. bias

D. values

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Evaluate

AACSB: Analytical

1. It is in a business’s best interest to promote human flourishing within the organization by providing ________. Select the best answer.

A. comprehensive training

B. a system of business ethics

C. profitability and responsibility

D. a code of ethical standards

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Apply

AACSB: Application

1. Which of the following definitions best describes moral agency?

A. the responsibility a company has regarding justice and care

B. ethical principles that apply everywhere despite differences in time, geography, and culture

C. the freedom and ability to make choices based on one’s perception of right and wrong

D. guidelines designed to help organizations with compliance and reporting

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Evaluate

AACSB: Analytical

1. Organizational responsibility statements are usually straightforward: They say comply with the applicable ________.

A. individual, organizational, and societal regulations

B. local, state, national, and international laws and regulations

C. municipal codes

D. universal code of ethics

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Remember

AACSB: Ethics

22. Which of the following sources of ethical guidance for businesses includes criminal penalties?

A. the company code of conduct

B. federal law

C. International Standards Organization (ISO) guidelines

D. Consumer demands for ethical conduct

Difficulty: easy

Blooms: Understand

AACSB: Application

True/False

1. True or false? “Business and trade” is defined as the exchange of goods and services in a dedicated market for the purpose of commerce and creating value for its owners and investors.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Remember

AACSB: Real-world

1. True or false? Religion’s role in business is less certain today; we are perhaps more likely to see a universal, secular code of ethics develop than to see religion serve as common ground for different cultures to come together.

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Analyze

AACSB: Analytical

1. True or false? Even in business, ethics is not about human morality but rather about human consumption.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Understand

AACSB: Ethics

1. True or false? Unless key leaders have a vision for the organization and themselves, and a path to achieving it, there can be no balance of beliefs about profitability and responsibility, or integration of business with culture.

Difficulty: Difficult

Blooms: Understand

AACSB: Reflection

1. True or false? As a function of culture, ethics is static in each new era.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Remember

AACSB: Ethics

1. True or false? The Enlightenment was a period during which religion and ethics were separated successfully.

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Evaluate

AACSB: Reflection

1. True or false? During the Industrial Revolution and the postindustrial era, the goal of businesses was to earn as high a profit as possible for shareholders, with little concern for outside stakeholders.

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Evaluate

AACSB: Real-world

1. True or false? Culture and ethics cannot be separated, because ethical norms have been established over time by, and make sense to, people who share the same background, language, and customs.

Difficulty: Difficult

Blooms: Evaluate

AACSB: Analytical

1. True or false? In Richard DeGeorge’s humanities model, business ethics would prepare students to do certain specific things.

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Remember

AACSB: Reflection

Short Answer

1. Distinguish between enculturation and acculturation in terms of the development of ethical values.

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Understand

AACSB: Analytical

1. What are some examples of the ethical lapses in judgment that led to criminal acts at the Brazilian national oil company Petrobras?

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Remember

AACSB: Real-world

1. Analyze the ethical pros and cons related to overseas manufacturing for a company such as Nike.

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Evaluate

AACSB: Ethics

1. Provide an example of how consumer ethics differ in modern times compared with the past.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Apply

AACSB: Ethics

1. Provide an example of capitalists whose philanthropy has been guided by their religious beliefs.

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Understand

AACSB: Reflection

1. Provide two recent examples of ethical failures related to consumers’ private data. How were they remediated?

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Remember

AACSB: Application

1. Are there universal ethical values, or are all ethics relative?

Difficulty: Difficult

Blooms: Evaluate

AACSB: Reflection

1. Identify and explain an example of regulatory guide for businesses in the United States in terms of how to create an ethical atmosphere of compliance in a company.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Remember

AACSB: Application

1. What are normative business ethics, and how can their application enable a business to create an ethical atmosphere?

Difficulty: Difficult

Blooms: Evaluate

AACSB: Analytical

1. What is an example of individual bias in normative business ethics, and how can one overcome it?

Difficulty: Difficult

Blooms: Analyze

AACSB: Application

1. Discuss the symbiotic relationship between culture and business ethics.

Difficulty: Moderate

Blooms: Understand

AACSB: Ethics

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