Ch.5 Gases And The Kinetic-Molecular Theory Full Test Bank

Chapter 5 Test Bank

Gases and the Kinetic-Molecular Theory

1. A ballerina weighs 103 lbs and is up on her toes with only 10.0 cm² of her slippers in contact with the floor. What pressure is she exerting on the floor?

A. 4.59 × 10⁵ Pa

B. 4.59 × 10³ Pa

C. 4.59 × 10¹ Pa

D. 4.59 × 10^–1 Pa

E. 4.59 × 10^–3 Pa

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Pressure and STP

Topic: Gases

2. Given that pressure has dimensions of force ÷ area; that force has dimensions of mass × acceleration; and that the S.I. unit of pressure is the pascal, what is 1 pascal in terms of S.I. base units?

A. 1 Pa = 1000 g/cm·s²

B. 1 Pa = 1 g/m·s²

C. 1 Pa = 10^–3 kg·m/s²

D. 1 Pa = 1 kg·m/s²

E. 1 Pa = 1 kg/m·s²

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Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Pressure and STP

Topic: Gases

3. Mineral oil can be used in place of mercury in manometers when small pressure changes are to be measured. What is the pressure of an oxygen sample in mm of mineral oil if its pressure is 28.5 mm Hg?

(d of mineral oil = 0.88 g/mL; d of Hg = 13.5 g/mL)

A. 1.9 mm mineral oil

B. 15 mm mineral oil

C. 32 mm mineral oil

D. 380 mm mineral oil

E. 440 mm mineral oil

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Pressure and STP

Topic: Gases

4. Mercury is 13.6 times as dense as liquid water. What would be the reading of a water-filled barometer at normal atmospheric pressure, 760. mmHg?

A. 1.03 × 10³ torr

B. 1.03 × 10³ Pa

C. 1.03 × 10³ mm height of water column

D. 1.03 × 10³ cm height of water column

E. 13.6 atm

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Difficulty: Medium

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Subtopic: Units of Pressure and STP

Topic: Gases

5. A flask containing helium gas is connected to an open-ended mercury manometer. The open end is exposed to the atmosphere, where the prevailing pressure is 752 torr. The mercury level in the open arm is 26 mm above that in the arm connected to the flask of helium. What is the helium pressure, in torr?

A. –26 torr

B. 26 torr

C. 726 torr

D. 778 torr

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Pressure and STP

Topic: Gases

6. A flask containing neon gas is connected to an open-ended mercury manometer. The open end is exposed to the atmosphere, where the prevailing pressure is 745 torr. The mercury level in the open arm is 50. mm below that in the arm connected to the flask of neon. What is the neon pressure, in torr?

A. –50. torr

B. 50. torr

C. 695 torr

D. 795 torr

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Pressure and STP

Topic: Gases

7. A flask containing argon gas is connected to a closed-ended mercury manometer. The closed end is under vacuum. If the mercury level in the closed arm is 230. mm above that in the arm connected to the flask, what is the argon pressure, in torr?

A. –230.

B. 230.

C. 530.

D. 790.

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Pressure and STP

Topic: Gases

8. Hydrogen gas exerts a pressure of 466 torr in a container. What is this pressure in atmospheres?

A. 0.217 atm

B. 0.466 atm

C. 0.613 atm

D. 1.63 atm

E. 4.60 atm

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Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Pressure and STP

Topic: Gases

9. The pressure of hydrogen sulfide gas in a container is 35,650 Pa. What is this pressure in torr?

A. 46.91 torr

B. 267.4 torr

C. 351.8 torr

D. 3612 torr

E. 27090 torr

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Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Pressure and STP

Topic: Gases

10. The pressure of sulfur dioxide in a container is 159 kPa. What is this pressure in atmospheres?

A. 0.209 atm

B. 0.637 atm

C. 1.57 atm

D. 21.2 atm

E. 15900 atm

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Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Pressure and STP

Topic: Gases

11. The air pressure in a volleyball is 75 psi. What is this pressure in torr?

A. 520 torr

B. 562 torr

C. 3900 torr

D. 7600 torr

E. 75000 torr

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Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Pressure and STP

Topic: Gases

12. “The volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas at constant temperature and pressure” is a statement of _____________ Law.

A. Charles's

B. Boyle's

C. Amontons's

D. Avogadro's

E. Dalton's

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Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

13. “The pressure of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its volume at constant temperature and number of moles” is a statement of __________________ Law.

A. Charles's

B. Boyle's

C. Amontons's

D. Avogadro's

E. Gay-Lussac's

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Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

14. “The pressure of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature at constant volume and number of moles” is a statement of ________________ Law.

A. Charles's

B. Boyle's

C. Amontons's

D. Avogadro's

E. Gay-Lussac's

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Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

15. “The volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature at constant pressure and number of moles” is a statement of ________________ Law.

A. Charles's

B. Boyle's

C. Amontons's

D. Avogadro's

E. Dalton's

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

16. “The total pressure in a mixture of unreacting gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases” is a statement of __________________ Law.

A. Charles's

B. Graham's

C. Boyle's

D. Avogadro's

E. Dalton's

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures

Topic: Gases

17. “The rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass” is a\ statement of ______________________ Law.

A. Charles's

B. Graham's

C. Dalton's

D. Avogadro's

E. Boyle's

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Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Effusion and Diffusion (Graham’s Law)

Topic: Gases

18. Which of the lines on the figure below is the best representation of the relationship between the volume of a gas and its pressure, other factors remaining constant?

A. a

B. b

C. c

D. d

E. e

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

19. Which of the lines on the figure below is the best representation of the relationship between the volume of a gas and its absolute temperature, other factors remaining constant?

A. a

B. b

C. c

D. d

E. e

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

20. Which of the lines on the figure below is the best representation of the relationship between the volume of a gas and its Celsius temperature, other factors remaining constant?

A. a

B. b

C. c

D. d

E. e

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

21. Which of the lines on the figure below is the best representation of the relationship between the volume and the number of moles of a gas, measured at constant temperature and pressure?

A. a

B. b

C. c

D. d

E. e

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

22. A sample of an ideal gas has its volume doubled while its temperature remains constant. If the original pressure was 100 torr, what is the new pressure?

A. 10 torr

B. 50 torr

C. 100 torr

D. 200 torr

E. 1000 torr

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

23. A sample of the inert gas krypton has its pressure tripled while its temperature remained constant. If the original volume is 12 L, what is the final volume?

A. 4.0 L

B. 6.0 L

C. 9 L

D. 36 L

E. 48 L

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

24. A weather balloon was initially at a pressure of 0.950 atm, and its volume was 35.0 L. The pressure decreased to 0.750 atm, without loss of gas or change in temperature. What was the change in the volume?

A. increased by 44.3 L

B. increased by 9.3 L

C. increased by 7.4 L

D. decreased by 27.6 L

E. decreased by 7.4 L

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Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

25. A sample of nitrogen gas at 298 K and 745 torr has a volume of 37.42 L. What volume will it occupy if the pressure is increased to 894 torr at constant temperature?

A. 22.3 L

B. 31.2 L

C. 44.9 L

D. 112 L

E. 380 L

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Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

26. A sample of carbon dioxide gas at 125°C and 248 torr occupies a volume of 275 L. What will the gas pressure be if the volume is increased to 321 L at 125°C?

A. 212 torr

B. 289 torr

C. 356 torr

D. 441 torr

E. 359 torr

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Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

27. A sample of oxygen gas has its absolute temperature halved while the pressure of the gas remained constant. If the initial volume is 400 mL, what is the final volume?

A. 20 mL

B. 133 mL

C. 200 mL

D. 400 mL

E. 800 mL

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

28. A sample container of carbon monoxide occupies a volume of 435 mL at a pressure of 785 torr and a temperature of 298 K. What would its temperature be if the volume were changed to 265 mL at a pressure of 785 torr?

A. 182 K

B. 298 K

C. 387 K

D. 489 K

E. 538 K

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

29. A 0.850-mole sample of nitrous oxide, a gas used as an anesthetic by dentists, has a volume of 20.46 L at 123°C and 1.35 atm. What would be its volume at 468°C and 1.35 atm?

A. 5.38 L

B. 10.9 L

C. 19.0 L

D. 38.3 L

E. 77.9 L

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

30. A sample of ammonia gas at 65.5°C and 524 torr has a volume of 15.31 L. What is its volume when the temperature is –15.8°C and its pressure is 524 torr?

A. 3.69 L

B. 11.6 L

C. 20.2 L

D. 63.5 L

E. not possible, since the volume would have to be negative

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

31. A 500-mL sample of argon at 800 torr has its absolute temperature quadrupled. If the volume remains unchanged what is the new pressure?

A. 200 torr

B. 400 torr

C. 800 torr

D. 2400 torr

E. 3200 torr

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

32. A 750-mL sample of hydrogen exerts a pressure of 822 torr at 325 K. What pressure does it exert if the temperature is raised to 475 K at constant volume?

A. 188 torr

B. 562 torr

C. 1.11 × 10³ torr

D. 1.20 × 10³ torr

E. 1.90 × 10³ torr

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

33. A sample of methane gas, CH4(g), occupies a volume of 60.3 L at a pressure of 469 torr and a temperature of 29.3°C. What would be its temperature at a pressure of 243 torr and volume of 60.3 L?

A. –116.5°C

B. 15.2°C

C. 15.5°C

D. 57.7°C

E. 310.6°C

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

34. What are the conditions of STP?

A. 0 K and l atm

B. 273.15 K and 760 torr

C. 0°C and 760 atm

D. 273.15°C and 760 torr

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Pressure and STP

Topic: Gases

35. A sample of propane, a component of LP gas, has a volume of 35.3 L at 315 K and 922 torr.

What is its volume at STP?

A. 25.2 L

B. 30.6 L

C. 33.6 L

D. 37.1 L

E. 49.2 L

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Ideal Gas Law

Topic: Gases

36. Nitrogen dioxide is a red-brown gas that is responsible for the color of photochemical smog. A sample of nitrogen dioxide has a volume of 28.6 L at 45.3°C and 89.9 kPa. What is its volume at STP?

A. 21.8 L

B. 27.6 L

C. 29.6 L

D. 37.6 L

E. 153 L

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Ideal Gas Law

Topic: Gases

37. Calculate the pressure of a helium sample at –207.3°C and 768 mL if it exerts a pressure of 175 kPa at 25.0°C and 925 mL.

A. 32.1 kPa

B. 46.6 kPa

C. 657 kPa

D. 953 kPa

E. not possible, since the pressure would have to be negative

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Ideal Gas Law

Topic: Gases

38. Calculate the temperature of an argon sample at 55.4 kPa and 18.6 L if it occupies 25.8 L at 75.0°C and 41.1 kPa.

A. 95.0°C

B. 85.1°C

C. 77.2°C

D. 72.9°C

E. 65.2°C

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Ideal Gas Law

Topic: Gases

39. A carbon dioxide sample weighing 44.0 g occupies 32.68 L at 65°C and 645 torr. What is its volume at STP?

A. 22.4 L

B. 31.1 L

C. 34.3 L

D. 35.2 L

E. 47.7 L

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Ideal Gas Law

Topic: Gases

40. A sample of nitrogen gas is confined to a 14.0 L container at 375 torr and 37.0°C. How many moles of nitrogen are in the container?

A. 0.271 mol

B. 2.27 mol

C. 3.69 mol

D. 206 mol

E. 227 mol

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Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Ideal Gas Law

Topic: Gases

41. A compressed gas cylinder containing 1.50 mol methane has a volume of 3.30 L. What pressure does the methane exert on the walls of the cylinder if its temperature is 25°C?

A. 9.00 × 10^–2 atm

B. 0.933 atm

C. 1.11 atm

D. 1.70 atm

E. 11.1 atm

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Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Ideal Gas Law

Topic: Gases

42. Assuming ideal behavior, what is the density of argon gas at STP, in g/L?

A. 0.0176 g/L

B. 0.0250 g/L

C. 0.0561 g/L

D. 1.78 g/L

E. 181. g/L

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Density of a Gas

Topic: Gases

43. What is the density of carbon dioxide gas at –25.2°C and 98.0 kPa?

A. 0.232 g/L

B. 0.279 g/L

C. 0.994 g/L

D. 1.74 g/L

E. 2.09 g/L

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Density of a Gas

Topic: Gases

44. Ima Chemist found the density of Freon-11 (CFCl₃) to be 5.58 g/L under her experimental conditions. Her measurements showed that the density of an unknown gas was 4.38 g/L under the same conditions. What is the molar mass of the unknown?

A. 96.7 g/mol

B. 108 g/mol

C. 127 g/mol

D. 165 g/mol

E. 175 g/mol

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Molar Mass of a Gas

Topic: Gases

45. A flask with a volume of 3.16 L contains 9.33 grams of an unknown gas at 32.0°C and 1.00 atm. What is the molar mass of the gas?

A. 7.76 g/mol

B. 66.1 g/mol

C. 74.0 g/mol

D. 81.4 g/mol

E. 144 g/mol

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Molar Mass of a Gas

Topic: Gases

46. Dr. I. M. A. Brightguy adds 0.1727 g of an unknown gas to a 125-mL flask. If Dr. B finds the pressure to be 736 torr at 20.0°C, is the gas likely to be methane, CH₄, nitrogen, N₂, oxygen, O₂, neon, Ne, or argon, Ar?

A. CH₄

B. N₂

C. Ne

D. Ar

E. O₂

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Difficulty: Medium

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Subtopic: Molar Mass of a Gas

Topic: Gases

47. A 250.0-mL sample of ammonia, NH₃(g), exerts a pressure of 833 torr at 42.4°C. What mass of ammonia is in the container?

A. 0.0787 g

B. 0.180 g

C. 8.04 g

D. 17.0 g

E. 59.8 g

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Ideal Gas Law

Topic: Gases

48. What is the pressure in a 7.50-L flask if 0.15 mol of carbon dioxide is added to 0.33 mol of oxygen? The temperature of the mixture is 48.0°C.

A. 0.252 atm

B. 0.592 atm

C. 1.69 atm

D. 3.96 atm

E. 4.80 atm

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures

Topic: Gases

49. If 0.750 L of argon at 1.50 atm and 177°C and 0.235 L of sulfur dioxide at 95.0 kPa and 63.0°C are added to a 1.00-L flask and the flask's temperature is adjusted to 25.0°C, what is the resulting pressure in the flask?

A. 0.0851 atm

B. 0.244 atm

C. 0.946 atm

D. 1.74 atm

E. 1.86 atm

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures

Topic: Gases

50. A gas mixture consists of equal masses of methane (molecular weight 16.0) and argon (atomic weight 40.0). If the partial pressure of argon is 200. torr, what is the pressure of methane, in torr?

A. 80.0 torr

B. 200. torr

C. 256 torr

D. 500. torr

E. 556 torr

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures

Topic: Gases

51. A gas mixture, with a total pressure of 300. torr, consists of equal masses of Ne (atomic weight 20.) and Ar (atomic weight 40.). What is the partial pressure of Ar, in torr?

A. 75 torr

B. 100. torr

C. 150. torr

D. 200. torr

E. None of these choices are correct.

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures

Topic: Gases

52. An unknown liquid is vaporized in a 273-mL flask by immersion in a water bath at 99°C. The barometric pressure is 753 torr. If the mass of the vapor retained in the flask is 1.362 g, what is its molar mass?

A. 20.4 g/mol

B. 40.9 g/mol

C. 112 g/mol

D. 154 g/mol

E. 184 g/mol

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Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Molar Mass of a Gas

Topic: Gases

53. A gas consists of 85.7 percent carbon and 14.3 percent hydrogen, by weight. A sample of this gas weighing 0.673 g occupies 729 mL at a pressure of 720.0 mmHg and a temperature of 77°C. Calculate its empirical and molecular formulas.

A. CH, C₂H₂

B. CH₂, C₂H₄

C. CH₂, C₃H₆

D. CH₃, C₂H₆

E. CH₄, CH₄

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Molar Mass of a Gas

Topic: Gases

54. Magnesium metal (0.100 mol) and a volume of aqueous hydrochloric acid that contains 0.500 mol of HCl are combined and react to completion. How many liters of hydrogen gas, measured at STP, are produced?

Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl₂(aq) + H₂(g)

A. 2.24 L of H₂

B. 4.48 L of H₂

C. 5.60 L of H₂

D. 11.2 L of H₂

E. 22.4 L of H₂

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Limiting Reactant

Topic: Stoichiometry and Chemical Reactions

55. Linolenic acid (C₁₈H₃₀O₂) can be hydrogenated to stearic acid by reacting it with hydrogen gas according to the equation:

C₁₈H₃₀O₂ + 3H₂ → C₁₈H₃₆O₂

What volume of hydrogen gas, measured at STP, is required to react with 10.5 g of linolenic acid in this reaction?

A. 2.53 L

B. 1.69 L

C. 1.27 L

D. 845 mL

E. 422 mL

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Calculating Amounts of Reactant and Product (including solutions)

Topic: Stoichiometry and Chemical Reactions

56. Hydrogen peroxide was catalytically decomposed and 75.3 mL of oxygen gas was collected overwater at 25°C and 742 torr. What mass of oxygen was collected? (P_water = 24 torr at 25°C)

A. 0.00291 g

B. 0.0931 g

C. 0.0962 g

D. 0.0993 g

E. 0.962 g

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Difficulty: Medium

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Subtopic: Molar Mass of a Gas

Topic: Gases

57. Small quantities of hydrogen can be prepared by the addition of hydrochloric acid to zinc. A sample of 195 mL of hydrogen was collected over water at 25°C and 753 torr. What mass of hydrogen was collected? (P_water = 24 torr at 25°C)

A. 0.00765 g

B. 0.0154 g

C. 0.0159 g

D. 0.0164 g

E. 0.159 g

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Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Molar Mass of a Gas

Topic: Gases

58. Lithium oxide is an effective absorber of carbon dioxide and can be used to purify air in confined areas such as space vehicles. What volume of carbon dioxide can be absorbed by 1.00 kg of lithium oxide at 25°C and 1.00 atm?

Li₂O(aq) + CO₂(g) → Li₂CO₃(s)

A. 687 mL

B. 819 mL

C. 687 L

D. 819 L

E. 22.4 L

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Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Calculating Amounts of Reactant and Product (including solutions)

Topic: Stoichiometry and Chemical Reactions

59. Methane, CH₄(g), reacts with steam to give synthesis gas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which is used as starting material for the synthesis of a number of organic and inorganic compounds.

CH₄(g) + H₂O(g) → CO(g) + H₂(g) [unbalanced]

What mass of hydrogen is formed if 275 L of methane (measured at STP) is converted to synthesis gas?

A. 12.3 g

B. 24.7 g

C. 37.1 g

D. 49.4 g

E. 74.2 g

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Calculating Amounts of Reactant and Product (including solutions)

Topic: Stoichiometry and Chemical Reactions

60. Hydrochloric acid is prepared by bubbling hydrogen chloride gas through water. What is the concentration of a solution prepared by dissolving 225 L of HCl(g) at 37°C and 89.6 kPa in 5.25 L of water?

A. 1.49 M

B. 1.66 M

C. 7.82 M

D. 12.5 M

E. 16.6 M

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Ideal Gas Law

Topic: Gases

61. Which of the following gases effuses most rapidly?

A. Nitrogen

B. Oxygen

C. Hydrogen chloride

D. Ammonia

E. Carbon monoxide

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Effusion and Diffusion (Graham’s Law)

Topic: Gases

62. Which of the following gases will be the slowest to diffuse through a room?

A. methane, CH₄

B. hydrogen sulfide, H₂S

C. carbon dioxide, CO₂

D. water, H₂O

E. neon, Ne

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Effusion and Diffusion (Graham’s Law)

Topic: Gases

63. Arrange the following gases in order of increasing rate of effusion.

C₂H₆ Ar HCl PH₃

A. Ar < HCl < PH₃ < C₂H₆

B. C₂H₆ < PH₃ < HCl < Ar

C. Ar < PH₃ < C₂H₆ < HCl

D. C₂H₆ < HCl < PH₃ < Ar

E. Ar < PH₃< HCl < C₂H₆

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Effusion and Diffusion (Graham’s Law)

Topic: Gases

64. A 3.0-L sample of helium was placed in a container fitted with a porous membrane. Half of the helium effused through the membrane in 24 hours. A 3.0-L sample of oxygen was placed in an identical container. How many hours will it take for half of the oxygen to effuse through the membrane?

A. 8.5 h

B. 12 h

C. 48 h

D. 60. h

E. 68 h

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Effusion and Diffusion (Graham’s Law)

Topic: Gases

65. A compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and chlorine effuses through a pinhole 0.411 times as fast as neon. Select the correct molecular formula for the compound.

A. CHCl₃

B. CH₂Cl₂

C. C₂H₂Cl₂

D. C₂H₃Cl

E. CCl₄

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Effusion and Diffusion (Graham’s Law)

Topic: Gases

66. The volume of a single molecule of water is 2.99 × 10^–23 mL. For a sample of gaseous water at 1.00 atm and 150°C, what fraction of the container's volume is occupied by the molecules themselves?

A. 5.2 × 10^–7

B. 4.5 × 10^–5

C. 5.2 × 10^–4

D. 5.2 × 10^–1

E. None of these choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Deviation From Ideal Behavior (van der Waals Equation)

Topic: Gases

67. Helium gas is being pumped into a rigid container at a constant temperature. As a result, the pressure of helium in the container is increasing. Select the one correct statement below.

A. As the pressure increases, helium atoms move faster, on average.

B. As the pressure increases, helium atoms move more slowly, on average.

C. As the pressure increases, the volume of the container must decrease.

D. As the pressure increases, helium atoms stay closer to the wall of the container, on average.

E. As the pressure increases, there are more collisions of helium atoms with the container wall.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Topic: Gases

68. Which of the following changes will not affect the total pressure of gas in a container, assuming all other factors remain constant?

A. The frequency of collisions of molecules with the walls is increased.

B. The average velocity of the molecules is lowered.

C. The temperature of the sample is altered.

D. Half of the molecules are replaced by an equal number of molecules of a gas with a different molecular weight.

E. The total number of molecules is altered.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Topic: Gases

69. Select the statement that does not apply to an ideal gas.

A. There are no attractive forces between the gas molecules.

B. There are strong repulsive forces between the gas molecules.

C. The volume occupied by the molecules is negligible compared to the container volume.

D. The gas behaves according to the ideal gas equation.

E. The average kinetic energy of the molecules is proportional to the absolute temperature.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Topic: Gases

70. At what temperature in kelvin is the root mean square speed of helium atoms (atomic weight = 4.00) equal to that of oxygen molecules (molecular weight = 32.00) at 300. K?

A. 37.5 K

B. 75 K

C. 106 K

D. 292 K

E. 2400. K

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic Energy and Temperature (Root-Mean-Square Speed)

Topic: Gases

71. Select the gas with the highest average kinetic energy per mole at 298 K.

A. O₂

B. CO₂

C. H₂O

D. H₂

E. All have the same average kinetic energy.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic Energy and Temperature (Root-Mean-Square Speed)

Topic: Gases

72. The most probable speed of an oxygen molecule in the gas phase at room temperature is 450 m/s. The root-mean-square speed (u_rms) is therefore

A. equal to 450 m/s.

B. slightly less than 450 m/s.

C. much less than 450 m/s.

D. slightly greater than 450 m/s.

E. much greater than 450 m/s.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic Energy and Temperature (Root-Mean-Square Speed)

Topic: Gases

73. Select the gas with the largest root-mean-square molecular speed at 25°C.

A. NH₃

B. CO

C. H₂

D. SF₆

E. All the gases have the same root-mean-square molecular speed at 25°C.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic Energy and Temperature (Root-Mean-Square Speed)

Topic: Gases

74. Calculate the root-mean-square speed of methane, CH₄ (g), at 78°C.

A. 23 m/s

B. 350 m/s

C. 550 m/s

D. 667 m/s

E. 740 m/s

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic Energy and Temperature (Root-Mean-Square Speed)

Topic: Gases

75. Freon-12, CF₂Cl₂, which has been widely used in air conditioning systems, is considered a threat to the ozone layer in the stratosphere. Calculate the root-mean-square velocity of Freon-12 molecules in the lower stratosphere where the temperature is –65°C.

A. 20 m/s

B. 120 m/s

C. 210 m/s

D. 260 m/s

E. 4.4 × 10⁴ m/s

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic Energy and Temperature (Root-Mean-Square Speed)

Topic: Gases

76. Calculate the rms speed of carbon dioxide molecules at STP.

A. 12.4 m/s

B. 155 m/s

C. 393 m/s

D. 1.55 × 10⁵ m/s

E. The answer can't be calculated without more data.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic Energy and Temperature (Root-Mean-Square Speed)

Topic: Gases

77. If the molecular mass of a gas increases by a factor of 4 at constant temperature, its rms speed will

A. decrease by a factor of 4.

B. increase by a factor of 4.

C. decrease by a factor of 16.

D. increase by a factor of 16.

E. decrease by a factor of 2.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic Energy and Temperature (Root-Mean-Square Speed)

Topic: Gases

78. The temperature of the carbon dioxide atmosphere near the surface of Venus is 475°C. Calculate the average kinetic energy per mole of carbon dioxide molecules on Venus.

A. 2520 J/mol

B. 4150 J/mol

C. 5920 J/mol

D. 9330 J/mol

E. 5920 kJ/mol

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic Energy and Temperature (Root-Mean-Square Speed)

Topic: Gases

79. The ozone layer is important because

A. ozone absorbs low energy radiation which warms the troposphere.

B. ozone purifies the atmosphere by reacting with excess fluorocarbons.

C. ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation.

D. ozone reflects high energy radiation such as X-rays and gamma rays.

E. humans need to breathe air containing some ozone.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Atmospheric Chemistry

Topic: Environmental Chemistry

80. Nitrogen will behave most like an ideal gas

A. at high temperature and high pressure.

B. at high temperature and low pressure.

C. at low temperature and high pressure.

D. at low temperature and low pressure.

E. at intermediate (moderate) temperature and pressure.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Deviation From Ideal Behavior (van der Waals Equation)

Topic: Gases

81. The ideal gas law tends to become inaccurate when

A. the pressure is lowered and molecular interactions become significant.

B. the pressure is raised and the temperature is lowered.

C. the temperature is raised above the temperature of STP.

D. large gas samples are involved.

E. the volume expands beyond the standard molar volume.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Deviation From Ideal Behavior (van der Waals Equation)

Topic: Gases

82. Use the van der Waals equation for real gases to calculate the pressure exerted by 1.00 mole of ammonia at 27°C in a 750-mL container. (a = 4.17 L₂·atm/mol₂, b = 0.0371 L/mol)

A. 23.2 atm

B. 27.1 atm

C. 32.8 atm

D. 42.0 atm

E. 32.8 torr

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Deviation From Ideal Behavior (van der Waals Equation)

Topic: Gases

83. At moderate pressures (~ 200 atm), the measured pressure exerted by CO₂ gas is less than that predicted by the ideal gas equation. This is mainly because

A. such high pressures cannot be accurately measured.

B. CO₂ will condense to a liquid at 200 atm pressure.

C. gas phase collisions prevent CO₂ molecules from colliding with the walls of the container.

D. of attractive intermolecular forces between CO₂ molecules.

E. the volume occupied by the CO₂ molecules themselves becomes significant.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Deviation From Ideal Behavior (van der Waals Equation)

Topic: Gases

84. At very high pressures (~ 1000 atm), the measured pressure exerted by real gases is greater than that predicted by the ideal gas equation. This is mainly because

A. such high pressures cannot be accurately measured.

B. real gases will condense to form liquids at 1000 atm pressure.

C. gas phase collisions prevent molecules from colliding with the walls of the container.

D. of attractive intermolecular forces between gas molecules.

E. the volume occupied by the gas molecules themselves becomes significant.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Deviation From Ideal Behavior (van der Waals Equation)

Topic: Gases

85. When a closed-ended manometer is used for pressure measurements, and the closed end is under vacuum, the level of manometer liquid in the closed arm can never be lower than that in the other arm.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Pressure and STP

Topic: Gases

86. For a gas obeying Boyle's Law, a plot of V versus 1/P will give a straight line passing through the origin.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

87. For a gas obeying Charles's Law, a plot of V versus 1/T will give a straight line passing through the origin.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

88. At a temperature of absolute zero, the volume of an ideal gas is zero.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles)

Topic: Gases

89. According to the postulates of kinetic-molecular theory, the molecules of all gases at a given temperature have the same average speed.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic Energy and Temperature (Root-Mean-Square Speed)

Topic: Gases

90. According to the postulates of kinetic-molecular theory, the molecules of all gases at a given temperature have the same average kinetic energy.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic Energy and Temperature (Root-Mean-Square Speed)

Topic: Gases

91. According to the kinetic theory of gases, in a collision between two molecules the kinetic energy of one molecule will decrease by the same amount that the kinetic energy of the other one increases.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Topic: Gases

92. According to the postulates of kinetic-molecular theory, the average kinetic energy of gas molecules is proportional to the absolute temperature.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic Energy and Temperature (Root-Mean-Square Speed)

Topic: Gases

93. For a pure gas sample, the average kinetic energy is also the most probable kinetic energy.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Kinetic Energy and Temperature (Root-Mean-Square Speed)

Topic: Gases

94. The rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to its molar mass.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Effusion and Diffusion (Graham’s Law)

Topic: Gases

95. For an ideal gas, a plot of PV/nRT versus P gives a straight line with a positive slope.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: The Ideal Gas Law

Topic: Gases

96. For real gases, PV > nRT, always.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Deviation From Ideal Behavior (van der Waals Equation)

Topic: Gases

97. For real gases, PV < nRT, always.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Difficulty: Medium

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Deviation From Ideal Behavior (van der Waals Equation)

Topic: Gases

98. Convert a gas pressure of 485 cmHg to atmospheres.

A. 0.64 atm

B. 33.0 atm

C. 6.38 atm

D. 5.50 atm

E. 6.46 atm

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Difficulty: Easy

Gradable: automatic

Subtopic: Units of Pressure and STP

Topic: Stoichiometry and Chemical Reactions

Category # of Questions

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 94

Bloom's: 1. Remember 23

Bloom's: 2. Understand 15

Bloom's: 3. Apply 60

Difficulty: Easy 33

Difficulty: Hard 5

Difficulty: Medium 60

Gradable: automatic 98

Subtopic: Atmospheric Chemistry 1

Subtopic: Calculating Amounts of Reactant and Product (including solutions) 3

Subtopic: Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures 5

Subtopic: Density of a Gas 2

Subtopic: Deviation From Ideal Behavior (van der Waals Equation) 8

Subtopic: Effusion and Diffusion (Graham’s Law) 7

Subtopic: Kinetic Energy and Temperature (Root-Mean-Square Speed) 13

Subtopic: Kinetic-Molecular Theory 4

Subtopic: Limiting Reactant 1

Subtopic: Molar Mass of a Gas 7

Subtopic: The Gas Laws (Boyle, Avogadro, and Charles) 23

Subtopic: The Ideal Gas Law 10

Subtopic: Units of Pressure and STP 14

Topic: Environmental Chemistry 1

Topic: Gases 92

Topic: Stoichiometry and Chemical Reactions 5