Holland/Adams/Brice, Core Concepts in Pharmacology 5th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 34

Question 1

Type: MCMA

Which hormones that regulate blood glucose levels are secreted by the pancreas? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

1. Glucagon
2. Insulin
3. Antidiuretic hormone
4. Growth hormone
5. Estrogen

Cognitive Level: Remembering

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Page Number: 570

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 34-1 Explain how blood glucose levels rise and fall and are stabilized with insulin and glucagon.

Question 2

Type: MCSA

The client asks the nurse which type of diabetes is caused by a lack of insulin secretion by the pancreas. What is the best response by the nurse?

1. “Type 2 diabetes”
2. “Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes”
3. “Type 1 diabetes”
4. “Neither—they both result from the inability of the body to use insulin”

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Page Number: 571

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 34-2 Explain the cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Question 3

Type: MCMA

The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with type I diabetes. Which symptoms does the nurse anticipate this client will exhibit upon assessment? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

1. Polyuria
2. Pancreatitis
3. Polyphagia
4. Polydipsia
5. Constipation

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Page Number: 572

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 34-2 Explain the cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Question 4

Type: MCSA

The nurse is screening a group of clients. Which client has the greatest risk for developing type 2 diabetes?

1. A 25-year-old male with arthritic pain
2. A 12-year-old male with a normal height to weight ratio
3. A 55-year-old female who is 20 pounds overweight
4. An 8-year-old female who is developmentally delayed

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Page Number: 575

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 34-4 Explain the cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Question 5

Type: MCSA

The nurse needs to monitor a client’s blood sugar after administration of insulin regular (Humulin R). When does the nurse expect to assess the client’s blood sugar based on the peak action of the medication?

1. In 2 to 4 hours
2. In 15 to 30 minutes
3. In 1 to 2 hours
4. In 4 to 6 hours

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Page Number: 572

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 34-3 Identify representative types of insulin, and explain their mechanisms of drug action, primary actions, and important adverse effects.

Question 6

Type: MCSA

What type of insulin is administered at bedtime, either with or without another type of insulin?

1. Insulin glargine (Lantus)
2. Insulin isophane (Humulin N)
3. Insulin glulisine (Apidra)
4. NPH 70/30 (Humulin 70/30)

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Page Number: 572

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 34-3 Identify representative types of insulin, and explain their mechanisms of drug action, primary actions, and important adverse effects.

Question 7

Type: MCSA

The nurse administered insulin lispro (Humalog) to the client at 8:00 a.m. When would the nurse reassess the client’s blood glucose level to monitor for hypoglycemia?

1. 9:00 a.m.
2. 11:00 a.m.
3. 1:00 p.m.
4. 3:00 p.m.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Page Numbers: 572 and 575

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 34-3 Identify representative types of insulin, and explain their mechanisms of drug action, primary actions, and important adverse effects.

Question 8

Type: MCSA

The client received lispro (Humalog) insulin with breakfast. Two hours later, the client experiences confusion, sweating, and dizziness. Why are these symptoms occurring?

1. The client is experiencing hyperglycemia.
2. The client is experiencing an allergic reaction to lispro (Humalog).
3. The client is experiencing a myocardial infarction.
4. The client is experiencing hypoglycemia.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Page Number: 573

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 34-3 Identify representative types of insulin, and explain their mechanisms of drug action, primary actions, and important adverse effects.

Question 9

Type: MCSA

The nurse is caring for a diabetic client who has breath with a fruity odor. Which conclusion by the nurse is the most appropriate?

1. The client has been consuming candy.
2. The client is hyperglycemic.
3. The client is hypoglycemic.
4. The client is experiencing an allergic reaction to medication for diabetes.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Page Number: 572

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 34-1 Explain how blood glucose levels rise and fall and are stabilized with insulin and glucagon.

Question 10

Type: MCMA

The nurse is instructing a client prescribed glipizide (Glucotrol) about possible side effects. Which side effects should be included in the client teaching session? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

1. Hypoglycemia
2. Nausea
3. Vomiting
4. Weight loss
5. Anorexia

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Page Number: 577

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 34-5 Identify the representative drug classes used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, and explain their mechanisms of drug action, primary actions, and important adverse effects.

Question 11

Type: MCSA

The client is receiving glipizide (Glucotrol) once a day. What is the best time of day for the nurse to administer this medication?

1. Midday, between meals
2. In the evening
3. In the morning
4. Before the primary meal of the day

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Page Number: 579

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 34-5 Identify the representative drug classes used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, and explain their mechanisms of drug action, primary actions, and important adverse effects.

Question 12

Type: MCSA

The nurse is caring for a newly diagnosed diabetic. What information should the nurse provide to the client regarding the role of insulin in the body?

1. Insulin decreases blood glucose levels.
2. Insulin increases blood glucose levels.
3. Insulin is not manufactured by the body.
4. Insulin helps maintain fluid balance.

Cognitive Level: Understanding

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Page Number: 570

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 34-1 Explain how blood glucose levels rise and fall and are stabilized with insulin and glucagon.

Question 13

Type: MCSA

The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with hypoglycemia. What information should the nurse provide to the client regarding the role of glucagon in the body?

1. Glucagon decreases blood glucose levels
2. Glucagon increases blood glucose levels
3. Glucagon is not manufactured by the body
4. Glucagon helps maintain fluid balance

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Page Number: 570

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 34-1 Explain how blood glucose levels rise and fall and are stabilized with insulin and glucagon.

Question 14

Type: MCSA

The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Which treatment option does the nurse expect to provide education for in regards to this diagnosis?

1. Diet and exercise
2. Insulin with other antidiabetic medications
3. Insulin
4. Antidiabetic medications

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Page Number: 576

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning

Learning Outcome: 34-4 Explain the cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Question 15

Type: MCMA

The nurse is preparing a presentation regarding oral hypoglycemic agents that are used to treat type 2 diabetes. Which medications would the nurse discuss when teaching about alpha-glucosidase inhibitors? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

1. Acarbose (Precose)
2. Miglitol (Glyset)
3. Metformin (Glucophage)
4. Exenatide (Byetta)
5. Nateglinide (Starlix)

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Page Number: 576

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning

Learning Outcome: 34-5 Identify the representative drug classes used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, and explain their mechanisms of drug action, primary actions, and important adverse effects.