Ch33 Science, Technology, and Law Test Questions & Answers

Business Law with UCC Applications, 15e (Sukys)

Chapter 33 Science, Technology, and Law in the 21st Century

1) Juriscience is the intersection of science, technology, and the law.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-01 Explain how the law permits the government to regulate science and technology.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

2) The most powerful clause in Article I is the commerce clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3).

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-01 Explain how the law permits the government to regulate science and technology.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

3) As a result of the Gibbons v. Ogden case in 1824, the Congress has exclusive power over all commerce in the United States.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-01 Explain how the law permits the government to regulate science and technology.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

4) The Supremacy Clause means that federal law can preempt state law covering the same subject matter.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-01 Explain how the law permits the government to regulate science and technology.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

5) States have the capacity to regulate science and technology based on the state's treaty powers, which is the ability to uphold and sustain the public health, safety, welfare, and morals.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-01 Explain how the law permits the government to regulate science and technology.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Ethics

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6) In this pioneering book, Inquiry into the Human Prospect, Robert Heilbroner argued that the planet Earth is faced with one major challenge if humanity expects to continue into the 21st and the 22nd centuries.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-01 Explain how the law permits the government to regulate science and technology.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

7) "Hard Power" consists of military force and economic influence.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-01 Explain how the law permits the government to regulate science and technology.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

8) The WIPO is a specialized agency that has the job of providing international healthcare to developing nations.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-04 Outline the role of the National Science Foundation.

Bloom's: Remember

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

9) The UN's Economic and Social Council takes approximately 70% of the UN's annual operating budget.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-04 Outline the role of the National Science Foundation.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

10) The World Health Organization (WHO) has a branch office in each member nation's country.  In the United States, the WHO's branch office is called the Center for Disease and Control (CDC) in Atlanta.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic: Facing Global Challenges

Learning Objective: 33-07 Identify the purpose of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.

Bloom's: Remember

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

11) WIPO shields intellectual property from copyright infringement, patent violations, and IP theft.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Facing Global Challenges

Learning Objective: 33-08 Define the role of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

12) The G-77 is a group of developed nations, headed by United States and Russia, that have developed the dependency theory of economic development.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic: Facing Global Challenges

Learning Objective: 33-08 Define the role of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

Bloom's: Remember

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

13) Uncontrolled population growth and Heilbroner's book led to the U.S. Supreme Court decisions in Connecticut v. Griswold and Roe v. Wade.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic: Facing Global Challenges

Learning Objective: 33-08 Define the role of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

Bloom's: Apply

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

14) A copyright protects the idea itself rather than the expression of an idea.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

15) The Classic Case, JCVI and Patent Application US2007 0264688: "To Be or Not to Be . . . Alive, involved the issue of patenting a self-replicating completely synthetic life-form.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

16) In the traditional "obvious-to-try TSM standard," if a challenger can show that anyone of ordinary skill can show the obviousness of the innovation, the invention would not be patentable.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

17) The America Invents Act (AIA) passed in 2011 amended U.S. Patent Law for the first time in decades, and adopted the "first to invent" process.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

18) In the Lexmark v. Impressions Products case involving the purchase of compatible toner cartridges, the U.S. Supreme Court, the Court held that the 'right to tinker' is not patent infringement.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Remember

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

19) A patent is a plan, process, device, procedure, formula, pattern, compilation, technique, program, design, method, or improvement used in a business and disclosed only to those employees who need to know it to do their jobs.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Remember

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

20) A trademark is an intangible property right granted to authors of literary, artistic, and musical compositions.

Difficulty: 1 Easy

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Remember

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

21) In the Opening Case, the plaintiff-nurse alleged the defendant-hospital did (did not) do all of the following except:

A) did not properly train the nurse for the task of dealing with such cases.

B) did not provide her with proper protective gear.

C) did not train her in the gear she was given, inadequate though it was.

D) provide her with effective assistance of counsel.

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-01 Explain how the law permits the government to regulate science and technology.

Bloom's: Analyze

AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

22) The clause that gives the most power to Congress in Article I of the U.S. Constitution is the ________ clause, which has been used over the last two centuries to empower Congress to regulate science and technology.

A) commerce

B) equal protection

C) due process

D) necessary and proper

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-01 Explain how the law permits the government to regulate science and technology.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

23) The ________ clause of the U.S. Constitution reads that Congress is empowered to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises, and to pay the debts of the United States.

A) necessary and proper

B) general welfare

C) commerce

D) supremacy

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-01 Explain how the law permits the government to regulate science and technology.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

24) The ________ clause has been interpreted to mean that the Supreme Court has the legal authority to short-circuit any state statute that contradicts the U.S. Constitution.

A) necessary and proper

B) general welfare

C) commerce

D) supremacy

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-01 Explain how the law permits the government to regulate science and technology.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

25) NIOs that are completely dependent upon their member nations and would be unable to do anything without their support are referred to as:

A) entity level NIOs.

B) semi-autonomous NIOs.

C) aggregate NIOs.

D) trans-national NIOs.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-01 Explain how the law permits the government to regulate science and technology.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

26) The primary job of the Chief Technology Officer of the United States is to:

A) build an integrated technology policy especially designed to meet the needs of the national government.

B) support scientific research, to stimulate the national economy, and to safeguard national security.

C) conduct research into all aspects of human life and health and to apply that understanding to cure illnesses, to alleviate disabilities, and to lengthen human life.

D) coordinate advances in technology that will help improve the American economy.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-02 Explain the function of the Office of Science and Technology Policy.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

27) The NSF was created to:

A) conduct research into all aspects of human life and health and to apply that understanding to cure illnesses, to alleviate disabilities, and to lengthen human life.

B) support scientific research, to stimulate the national economy, and to safeguard national security.

C) coordinate advances in technology and engineering as they relate to the practical jobs of improving the American economy.

D) build an integrated technology policy especially designed to meet the needs of the national government.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-03 Define the function of the National Institutes of Health.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

28) The three issues that author Robert Heilbroner thought would challenge the existence of the human race are: (1) ________, (2) the challenge of uncontrolled population growth, and (3) the destruction of the environment.

A) terrorism

B) nuclear war

C) incurable communicable diseases

D) death of the sun

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Facing Global Challenges

Learning Objective: 33-05 List Heilbroner's three challenges that face the modern world.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

29) The ________ is responsible for regulating the transportation and the wholesale price of natural gas and electricity sold for use in interstate commerce.

A) National Transportation Safety Board

B) Federal Trade Commission

C) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

D) Federal Communications Commission

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Facing Global Challenges

Learning Objective: 33-06 List the three challenges that face the modern world.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

30) In 1998, President Clinton signed the ________, which called for the primary industrial nations to reduce carbon dioxide emissions below levels recorded in 1900.

A) United Nations Framework Conference on Climate Change (UNFCCC)

B) Copenhagen Protocol

C) Kyoto Protocol

D) Agenda 21

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

31) Permits issued under the Clean Water Act relate to the:

A) use of river water for agricultural purposes.

B) use of potable water for industrial purposes.

C) use of water by industries beyond permissible limits.

D) release of pollutants into the waterways within legal limits.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Facing Global Challenges

Learning Objective: 33-09 Describe the functions of the Clean Air Act and the Clean Water Act.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

32) A ________ is a property right granted by the federal government to an inventor.

A) patent

B) copyright

C) royalty

D) trademark

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

33) ________ refers to all relevant technical knowledge about the field to which the invention belongs.

A) Patent watch

B) Trade secret

C) Priority right

D) Prior art

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

34) Which of the following statements holds true for a patent?

A) A patent application cannot be accessed by the general public.

B) A patent expires at the end of a 20-year period.

C) A patent is subject to "first-to-invent" patent process, rather than the "first-to-file" process.

D) A patent is a process used in a business and disclosed only to those employees who need to know it to do their jobs.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

35) In Classic Case #2, the Venter Institute filed patent #US 2007 0264688 with the U.S. Patent Office in an attempt to patent synthetic life because Venter had produced a self-replicating ________ completely under the control of a synthetic genome.

A) patent

B) copyright

C) amoeba cell

D) bacterial cell

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Apply

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

36) In the case of ________, the United States Supreme Court decided that it was possible to define and patent a life-form.

A) Diamond v. United States

B) Diamond v. Chakrabarty

C) Roe v. Wade

D) Carey v. Population Services International

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Apply

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

37) A ________ is a symbol, picture, image, name, device, color, or word that a business uses to distinguish itself from its competitors.

A) patent

B) copyright

C) royalty

D) trademark

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

38) The World Intellectual Property Organization Copyright Treaty:

A) gives copyright holders the right to copy, publish, and distribute their works in any way, including by making video copies, audio copies, and encrypted copies.

B) makes it illegal to use technological means to bypass or override programs designed to prevent access to a copyrighted work.

C) guarantees that copyright holders will be allowed to use the Internet to post their works with full copyright protection.

D) grants limited immunity to persons who duplicate copyrighted works on the Internet, as long as those users do not profit from the copying process.

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

39) ________ is aimed at understanding the laws of nature and the principles of the physical universe without any practical goals in mind.

A) Pure research

B) Juriscience

C) The motivation test

D) Applied research

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Developing Global Solutions

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

40) A ________ is an intangible property right granted to authors of musical compositions, while a ________ gives a person the exclusive right to sell an invention.

A) copyright; trade secret

B) copyright; patent

C) patent; trade secret

D) trademark; patent

Difficulty: 2 Medium

Topic: Developing Global Solutions

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Understand

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

41) Lashkar-e-Taiba is one of the largest and most active, militant Islamist terrorist organizations in South Asia, operating mainly from Pakistan. The organization is banned as a terrorist organization by India, Pakistan, the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European Union. Lashkar-e Taiba has attacked civilian and military targets in India, most notably the 2008 Mumbai attacks and the 2001 Indian Parliament attack. While discussing the exercise of international power by nongovernmental international organizations (NIOs), how does one categorize Lashkar-e-Taiba?

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-01 Explain how the law permits the government to regulate science and technology.

Bloom's: Evaluate

AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

42) Joan Kilney had a major car accident. She continued to be fed through a surgically-implanted gastrostomy tube for a period of five years. She expressed a wish to end the prolonged agony by taking recourse to the right to die. What difficulties are generally faced by a trial court in such cases and what could be the remedy as has envisaged by several commentators?

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic: Governmental Authority Regulating Science and Technology

Learning Objective: 33-04 Outline the role of the National Science Foundation.

Bloom's: Evaluate

AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

43) Polio cases have decreased by over 99% since 1988, from an estimated 350,000 cases then to 1349 reported cases in 2010. The reduction is the result of the global effort to eradicate the disease. In most countries, the global effort has expanded capacities to tackle other infectious diseases by building effective surveillance and immunization systems. Success hinges on financing the next steps of the global eradication initiative. The World Health Organization has played a significant role in meeting such health challenges. How does the WHO accomplish its targets?

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic: Facing Global Challenges

Learning Objective: 33-04 Outline the role of the National Science Foundation.

Bloom's: Analyze

AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

44) The Three Mile Island accident was a core meltdown in Unit 2 (a pressurized water reactor) of the Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania near Harrisburg, United States in 1979. It let large amounts of nuclear reactor coolant escape. Which organization handles such cases and how does it ensure that they are not repeated again?

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic: Facing Global Challenges

Learning Objective: 33-07 Identify the purpose of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.

Bloom's: Apply

AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

45) Hercules Steel Castings Company, Inc. manufactures steel castings. It does not follow the permissible limits with regard to the release of polluting gases in the air. It has also failed to report violations of pollution control laws to the federal government. Which act does it violate and which agency would have the power to prosecute this organization?

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic: Facing Global Challenges

Learning Objective: 33-09 Describe the functions of the Clean Air Act and the Clean Water Act.

Bloom's: Analyze

AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

46) Oil Down is an organization which is exploring the possibility of striking oil in the outskirts of a local county. It strikes oil and transports it with the help of pipelines running through the local creek and river. One day, due to some reason, the oil pipeline ruptures, thereby causing contamination of the local creek and river. Under which act would the organization be liable to the federal government and what would be the punishment accorded to the organization?

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic: Facing Global Challenges

Learning Objective: 33-08 Define the role of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

Bloom's: Analyze

AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

47) In the past, infant and childhood deaths and short life spans used to limit population growth. In today's world, thanks to improved nutrition, sanitation, and medical care, more babies survive their first few years of life. The combination of a continuing high birth rate and a low death rate is creating a rapid population increase in many countries in Asia, Latin America and Africa. Which organization was formed under the United Nations auspices to deal with the problem of population increase? What are the main functions of this organization?

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic: Facing Global Challenges

Learning Objective: 33-08 Define the role of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

Bloom's: Analyze

AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

48) John is a mechanical engineer. He has designed a car which uses water rather than fossil fuel to run. Is John's invention eligible to be patented?

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Evaluate

AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

49) Sienna runs a restaurant. The barbeque chicken that is served in the restaurant is famous and draws a large crowd. Sienna follows a special process of preparing the chicken. This process is not known to anyone except Sienna and her cook. Does this process of barbequing chicken qualify as a trade secret?

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Evaluate

AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

50) Kan Lee is a U.S. citizen and an employee of MetLoc systems. He was caught stealing and handing over semiconductors to another individual, who is a citizen of a foreign country. Both individuals were arrested. Which law would be invoked in order to prosecute Kan Lee and what would be the punishment if Kan is convicted?

Difficulty: 3 Hard

Topic: Protecting Intellectual Property

Learning Objective: 33-10 Describe the four main issues that must be considered in developing a science policy.

Bloom's: Analyze

AACSB: Analytical Thinking

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation