Ch.3 Acids, Bases, Organic Reactions Test Bank 13th Edition

Package Title: Solomons Test Bank

Course Title: Solomons 13e

Chapter Number: 3

Question type: Multiple choice

1) Which of the following is not a conjugate acid - conjugate base pair (in that order)?

a) H₃PO₄, H₂PO₄^–

b) HBF₄, BF₄^–

c) CH₃CH₂OH, CH₃CH₂O^–

d) H₃O⁺, H₂O

e) HPO₄^2–, H₂PO₄^–

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.1

Difficulty Level: Easy

2) A conjugate base of sulfuric acid is:

a) H₃SO₄⁺

b) SO₃

c) HSO₄^–

d) H₂SO₃

e) HSO₃^–

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.1

Difficulty Level: Easy

3) Which of the following is not a Bronsted-Lowry acid?

a) H₂O

b) (CH₃)₃N

c) NH₄⁺

d) CH₃CO₂H

e) HCCH

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.1

Difficulty Level: Easy

4) What is the conjugate base of ethanol?

a) CH₃CH₂O^–

b) CH₃CH₂^

c) CH₃CH₂OH₂⁺

d) CH₃CH₃

e) CH₃OCH₃

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.1

Difficulty Level: Easy

5) Consider the equilibrium

Which are the Bronsted-Lowry bases?

a) PO₄^3– and HPO₄^2–

b) PO₄^3– and OH^–

c) PO₄^3– and H₂O

d) H₂O and OH^–

e) H₂O and HPO₄^2–

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.1

Difficulty Level: Medium

6) What is/are the product(s) of the following acid-base mechanism?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Using Curved Arrows

Section: 3.2

Difficulty Level: Easy

7) What is/are the product(s) of the following acid-base mechanism?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Using Curved Arrows

Section: 3.2

Difficulty Level: Medium

8) What is/are the product(s) of the following acid-base mechanism?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Using Curved Arrows

Section: 3.2

Difficulty Level: Medium

9) What is/are the product(s) of the following acid-base mechanism?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Using Curved Arrows

Section: 3.2

Difficulty Level: Medium

10) What is/are the product(s) of the following acid-base mechanism?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Using Curved Arrows

Section: 3.2

Difficulty Level: Medium

11) What is/are the product(s) of the following acid-base mechanism?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Using Curved Arrows

Section: 3.2

Difficulty Level: Hard

12) What is/are the product(s) of the following acid-base mechanism?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Using Curved Arrows

Section: 3.2

Difficulty Level: Hard

13) According to the Lewis definition, a base is a(n) ___.

a) proton donor

b) electron pair donor

c) hydroxide ion donor

d) hydrogen ion donor

e) electron pair acceptor

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.3

Difficulty Level: Easy

14) Which of the following is not a Lewis base?

a) NH₃

b) H^–

c) BF₃

d) H₂O

e) H₃C^–

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.3

Difficulty Level: Easy

15) Which of the following is a Lewis acid?

a) H₃O⁺

b) BF₃

c) NF₃

d) OH^–

e) More than one of these choices.

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.3

Difficulty Level: Easy

16) Which of these is not a Lewis acid?

a) AlCl₃

b) H₃O⁺

c) FeCl₃

d) SO₃

e) C₄H₁₀

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.3

Difficulty Level: Easy

17) Which of these is not a Lewis acid?

a) AlBr₃

b) BCl₃

c) Ph₃P

d) D⁺

e) All these choices are Lewis acids

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.3

Difficulty Level: Easy

18) This species is a carbon-based Lewis acid:

a) CH₄

b) HCCl₃

c) CH₃⁺

d) :CH₃^–

e)·CH₃

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.3

Difficulty Level: Medium

19) Which pair of species are both bases in the following reaction?

a) H₂O and CN^–

b) H₃O⁺ and H₂O

c) HCN and H₃O⁺

d) HCN and CN^–

e) H₃O⁺ and CN^–

Topic: Acid-base definitions, Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.1 and 3.3

Difficulty Level: Easy

20) Which of these is not a true statement?

a) All Lewis bases are also Bronsted-Lowry bases.

b) All Lewis acids contain hydrogen.

c) All Bronsted-Lowry acids contain hydrogen.

d) All Lewis acids are electron deficient.

e) According to the Bronsted-Lowry theory, water is both an acid and a base.

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.1 and 3.3

Difficulty Level: Easy

21) For the equilibrium

the two substances which are both acids are:

a) H₂O and H₃O⁺

b) CH₃NH₃⁺ and H₂O

c) CH₃NH₃⁺ and CH₃NH₂

d) CH₃NH₃⁺ and H₃O⁺

e) CH₃NH₂ and H₂O

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.1 and 3.3

Difficulty Level: Medium

22) In the following reaction which chemical species is acting like a nucleophile?

a)

b)

c) CH₃O^–

d) two of these choices

e) there is no nucleophile in this reaction

Topic: Nucleophiles and Electrophiles

Section: 3.4

Difficulty: Easy

23) In the following reaction, which chemical species is acting like an electrophile?

a)

b)

c) CH₃O^–

d) two of these choices

e) there is no electrophile in this reaction

Topic: Nucleophiles and Electrophiles

Section: 3.4

Difficulty: Easy

24) Which of these phosphorus-based acids is diprotic?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

Topic: Acids/bases- general

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Easy

25) Which of these is not a diprotic acid?

a) H₂S

b) H₂SO₄

c) (COOH)₂

d) H₂PO₄^–

e) All of these choices are diprotic.

Topic: Acids/bases- general

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Easy

26) The reaction between which combination of substances below cannot be classified as a Bronsted-Lowry acid-base reaction?

a) CH₃Li + C₂H₅OH

b) H₂SO₄ + CH₃CO₂Na

c) BF₃ + NH₃

d) H₃O⁺ + CH₃NH^–

e) two of these choices

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.1 and 3.5

Difficulty Level: Hard

27) The acidity constant, K_a, differs from the equilibrium constant, K_eq, for the dissociation of the same acid in water at the same temperature and concentration in what way?

a) K_a can be determined experimentally with less accuracy than K_eq.

b) The two terms are identical numerically.

c) K_a is used for strong acids only; K_eq for weak acids.

d) K_a is the reciprocal of K_eq.

e) K_eq = K_a/[H₂O].

Topic: Acidity constant- thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Medium

28) Which of the following organic compounds is the strongest acid?

a) C₆H₁₂ pK_a = 52

b) CH₃CH₃ pK_a = 50

c) CH₃CH₂OH pK_a = 18

d) CH₃CO₂H pK_a = 5

e) CF₃CO₂H pK_a = 0

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Easy

29) Which of the following organic compounds has the strongest conjugate base?

a) C₆H₁₂ pK_a = 52

b) CH₃CH₃ pK_a = 50

c) CH₃CH₂OH pK_a = 18

d) CH₃CO₂H pK_a = 5

e) CF₃CO₂H pK_a = 0

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Easy

30) Which of the following substances has a hydrogen atom with pK_a ≈ 25?

a) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CO₂H

b) CH₃CHCH₂C≡CCH₃

c) CH₃CH₂CH₂C≡CH

d) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH=CH₂

e) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Easy

31) Hydrogen atom(s) from which position(s) is (are) most likely to be abstracted when the following substance is treated with NaH?

a) 1

b) 1, 5, 6

c) 1, 2

d) 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10

e) Hydrogens from all of the positions are equally likely to be abstracted by NaH.

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Easy

32) Rank the following hydrogen atoms from highest to lowest in acidity in the structure shown below.

a) H_a > H_b > H_c > H_d

b) H_a > H_c > H_d > H_b

c) H_c > H_d > H_a > H_b

d) H_d > H_a > H_c > H_b

e) H_c > H_a > H_d > H_b

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Medium

33) Which is the strongest acid?

a) CH₃CH₂OH

b) CH₃CO₂H

c) HCCH

d) CH₂=CH₂

e) CH₃CH₃

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Easy

34) Which of the following correctly lists the compounds in order of decreasing acidity?

a) H₂O > HCCH > NH₃ > CH₃CH₃

b) HCCH > H₂O > NH₃ > CH₃CH₃

c) CH₃CH₃ > HCCH > NH₃ > H₂O

d) CH₃CH₃ > HCCH > H₂O > NH₃

e) H₂O > NH₃ > HCCH > CH₃CH₃

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Medium

35) What is the pH of a 1.0 M aqueous solution of CH₃COOH given that its pK_a value is 4.75?

a) 0

b) 0.0021

c) 0.0042

d) 2.4

e) 2.7

Topic: Acid-Base Strength

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Hard

36) Rank the bold-faced hydrogens for the following compounds from most acidic to least acidic.

a) I > IV > II > V > III

b) II > I > IV > V > III

c) V > III > II > I > IV

d) IV > I > II > V > III

e) IV > II > I > V > III

Topic: Acid-Base Strength

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Hard

37) Rank the bold-faced hydrogens for the following compounds from most acidic to least acidic.

a) I > IV > II > V > III

b) II > IV > I > V > III

c) II > IV > V > I > III

d) IV > I > II > V > III

e) IV > II > I > V > III

Topic: Acid-Base Strength

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Hard

38) Rank the bold-faced hydrogens for the following compounds from most acidic to least acidic.

a) III > V > IV > II > I

b) V > IV > III > II > I

c) V > III > IV > II > I

d) III > V > II > IV > I

e) IV > II > I > V > III

Topic: Acid-Base Strength

Section: 3.5B

Difficulty Level: Hard

39) Rank the bold-faced hydrogens for the following compounds from most acidic to least acidic.

a) I > II > III > IV > V

b) V > IV > II > III > I

c) V > II > IV > III > I

d) II > V > IV > III > I

e) V > IV > III > II > I

Topic: Acid-Base Strength

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Hard

40) Rank the bold-faced hydrogens for the following compounds from most acidic to least acidic.

a) I > II > III > IV > V

b) III > V > II > I > IV

c) V > II > IV > III > I

d) III > I > V > II > IV

e) V > III > I > II > IV

Topic: Acid-Base Strength

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Hard

41) Rank the bold-faced hydrogens for the following compounds from most acidic to least acidic.

a) I > II > III > IV > V

b) III > V > II > I > IV

c) V > II > IV > III > I

d) III > I > V > II > IV

e) V > III > I > II > IV

Topic: Acid-Base Strength

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Hard

42) Rank the bold-faced hydrogens for the following compounds from most acidic to least acidic.

a) I > II > III > IV > V

b) II > V > III > I > IV

c) II > III > V > I > IV

d) III > I > V > II > IV

e) V > II > III > I > IV

Topic: Acid-Base Strength

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Hard

43) Rank the bold-faced hydrogens for the following compounds from most acidic to least acidic.

a) III > II > IV > V > I

b) II > III > V > IV > I

c) II > V > III > IV > I

d) V > III > II > IV > I

e) I > IV > II > III > V

Topic: Acid-Base Strength

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Hard

44) Rank the bold-faced hydrogens for the following compounds from most acidic to least acidic.

a) III > IV > I > V > II

b) II > III > V > IV > I

c) II > V > III > IV > I

d) V > III > II > IV > I

e) III > I > IV > V > II

Topic: Acid-Base Strength

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Hard

45) Select the strongest base.

a) OH^–

b) RCC^–

c) NH₂^–

d) CH₂=CH^–

e) CH₃CH₂^–

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Easy

46) A group of acids arranged in order of decreasing acidity is:
HNO₃ > CH₃COOH > C₆H₅OH > H₂O > HCCH

What is the arrangement of the conjugate bases of these compounds in decreasing order of basicity?

a) NO₃^– > CH₃COO^– > C₆H₅O^– > OH^– > HCC^–

b) CH₃COO^– > C₆H₅O^– > NO₃^– > OH^– > HCC^–

c) C₆H₅O^– > NO₃^– > HCC^– > OH^– > CH₃COO^–

d) HCC^– > OH^– > C₆H₅O^– > CH₃COO^– > NO₃^–

e) No prediction of relative base strength is possible.

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Easy

47) The correct sequence of the ions shown, in order of increasing basicity, is:

a) CH₃CH₂:^– < CH₂=CH:^– < HCC:^–

b) CH₃CH₂:^– < HCC:^– < CH₂=CH:^–

c) HCC:^– < CH₃CH₂:^– < CH₂=CH:^–

d) CH₂=CH:^– < HCC:^– < CH₃CH₂:^–

e) HCC:^– < CH₂=CH:^– < CH₃CH₂:^–

Topic: Relative acid/base strength

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Easy

48) The basic species are arranged in decreasing order of basicity in the sequence:

a) F^– > OCH₃^– > NH₂^– > CH₃CH₂^–

b) OCH₃^– > CH₃CH₂^– > NH₂^– > F^–

c) CH₃CH₂^– > NH₂^– > OCH₃^– > F^–

d) NH₂^– > CH₃CH₂^– > F^– > OCH₃^–

e) NH₂^– > OCH₃^– > CH₃CH₂^– > F^–

Topic: Relative acid/base strengths

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Medium

49) For the simple hydrides, MH_n, pK_a values decrease in the order:

a) CH₄ > NH₃ > H₂O > H₂S > HBr

b) HBr > H₂S > H₂O > NH₃ > CH₄

c) HBr > H₂O > NH₃ > H₂S > CH₄

d) NH₃ > H₂S > CH₄ > H₂O > HBr

e) H₂S > H₂O > HBr > NH₃ > CH₄

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Medium

50) Why cannot one determine the relative acid strengths of HClO₄ and HNO₃ using aqueous solutions of these acids?

a) The acids are insufficiently soluble for the measurements.

b) A more basic solvent than H₂O must be used.

c) H₂O is too basic a solvent for the distinction to be made.

d) These oxidizing acids cause redox reactions to occur.

e) Actually, the acid strengths can be determined using aqueous solutions.

Topic: Acids/bases- general

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Hard

51) The compound aniline, C₆H₅NH₂, has weakly basic properties in aqueous solution. In this other solvent, aniline would behave as a strong base.

a) CH₃OH

b) CH₃CH₂OH

c) CF₃CO₂H

d) Liquid NH₃

e) CH₃(CH₂)₄CH₃

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths, solvent effects

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Easy

52) Which of the acids below would have the strongest conjugate base?

a) CH₃CH₂OH pK_a = 18

b) CH₃CO₂H pK_a = 4.75

c) ClCH₂CO₂H pK_a = 2.81

d) Cl₂CHCO₂H pK_a = 1.29

e) Cl₃CCO₂H pK_a = 0.66

Topic: Acid-Base Strength

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Medium

53) When proton transfer reactions reach equilibrium, there have been formed

a) the weaker acid and the weaker base.

b) the weaker acid and the stronger base.

c) the stronger acid and the weaker base.

d) the stronger acid and the stronger base.

e) All proton transfers go to completion; they are not equilibrium processes.

Topic: Acid-base reactions

Section: 3.6

Difficulty Level: Easy

54) Which one of the following is a true statement?

a) The stronger the acid, the larger is its pK_a.

b) The conjugate base of a strong acid is a strong base.

c) Acid-base reactions always favor the formation of the stronger acid and the stronger base.

d) Strong acids can have negative pK_a values.

e) Hydrogen need not be present in the molecular formula of a Bronsted-Lowry acid.

Topic: General

Section: 3.1, 3.3, 3.5, and 3.6

Difficulty Level: Easy

55) Based on the position of the central atom in the periodic chart, we predict that the strongest acid of the following is:

a) H₂O

b) H₂S

c) H₂Se

d) H₂Te

e) All acids are equal in strength.

Topic: Relative acid / base strengths

Section: 3.7

Difficulty Level: Easy

56) What prediction can be made of the relative strengths of the conjugate bases of: H₂S, HCl, SiH₄, PH₃?

a) PH₂^– > SiH₃^– > HS^– > Cl^–

b) SiH₃^– > PH₂^– > HS^– > Cl^–

c) Cl^– > HS^– > PH₂^– > SiH₃^–

d) HS^– > Cl^– > SiH₃^– > PH₂^–

e) Cl^– > PH₂^– > SiH₃^– > HS^–

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.5 and 3.7

Difficulty Level: Medium

57) The compounds ethane, ethene, and ethyne exhibit this order of increasing acidity:

a) Ethyne < ethene < ethane

b) Ethene < ethyne < ethane

c) Ethane < ethyne < ethene

d) Ethane < ethene < ethyne

e) Ethene < ethane < ethyne

Topic: Relative acid strength

Section: 3.5 and 3.7

Difficulty Level: Easy

58) Which is an incorrect statement?

a) RSH compounds are stronger acids than ROH compounds.

b) PH₃ is a weaker base than NH₃.

c) NH₂^– is a stronger base than OH^–.

d) OH^– is a stronger base than OR^–.

e) H^– is a stronger base than OR^–.

Topic: Relative acid / base strength

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.7.

Difficulty Level: Medium

59) An acid, HA, has the following thermodynamic values for its dissociation in water at

27 ºC: H = -8.0 kJ mol^-1; S = -70 J K^-1mol^-1. The G for the process is:

a) +29 kJ mol^-1

b) +13 kJ mol^-1

c) -6.1 kJ mol^-1

d) -13 kJ mol^-1

e) -29 kJ mol^-1

Topic: Acid dissociation, thermodynamic calculations

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Easy

60) Which set contains non-equivalent members?

a) enthalpy and heat content

b) endothermic reaction and +H

c) exothermic reaction and -H

d) kinetic energy and energy of motion

e) high energy and high stability

Topic: Acids/bases- thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Medium

61) For the following acid-base reaction, which statement is true taking S into consideration?

a) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is positive.

b) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is approximately zero.

c) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and S is positive.

d) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and S is approximately zero.

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acids/bases-thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Medium

62) For the following acid-base reaction, which statement is true taking S into consideration?

a) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is positive.

b) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is negative.

c) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and S is positive.

d) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and S is approximately zero.

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acids/bases-thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Medium

63) For the following acid-base reaction, which statement is true taking H into consideration?

a) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and H is approximately zero.

b) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and H is negative.

c) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and H is positive.

d) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and H is negative.

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acids/bases-thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Medium

64) For the following acid/base reaction which statement is true taking S into consideration?

a) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is approximately zero.

b) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and S is negative.

c) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is negative.

d) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is positive.

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acids/bases-thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Medium

65) For the following acid/base reaction which statement is true taking S into consideration?

a) G is negative and S is approximately zero

b) G is negative and S is negative

c) G is positive and S is positive

d) G is negative and S is positive

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acids/bases-thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Medium

66) For the following acid/base reaction which statement is true taking S into consideration?

a) G is negative and S is approximately zero

b) G is negative and S is negative

c) G is positive and S is positive

d) G is negative and S is positive

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acids/bases-thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Medium

67) For the following acid/base reaction which statement is true taking S into consideration?

a) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is approximately zero.

b) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and S is negative.

c) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is negative.

d) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is positive.

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acids/bases-thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Medium

68) For the following acid/base reaction which statement is true taking S into consideration?

a) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is approximately zero.

b) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and S is negative.

c) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is negative.

d) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is positive.

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acids/bases-thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Medium

69) For the following acid/base reaction which statement is true taking S into consideration?

a) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and S is approximately zero.

b) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and S is negative.

c) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is negative.

d) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is approximately zero.

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acids/bases – thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Medium

70) For the following acid / base reaction which statement is true taking H into consideration?

a) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and H is approximately zero.

b) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and H is negative.

c) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and H is negative.

d) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and H is positive.

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acids/bases-thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Medium

71) For the following acid / base reaction which statement is true taking S into consideration?

a) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and S is approximately zero.

b) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and S is negative.

c) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is negative.

d) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and S is approximately zero.

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acids/bases-thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Medium

72) For the following acid-base reaction, which statement is true taking H into consideration?

a) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and H is approximately zero.

b) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and H is negative.

c) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and H is negative.

d) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and H is positive.

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acids/bases-thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Medium

73) For the following acid-base reaction, which statement is true taking S into consideration?

a) G is negative and S is approximately zero

b) G is positive and S is approximately zero

c) G is positive and S is negative

d) G is negative and S is positive

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acids/bases-thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Medium

74) For the following acid / base reaction which statement is true taking H into consideration?

a) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and H is approximately zero.

b) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and H is negative.

c) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and H is negative.

d) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and H is positive.

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acids/bases-thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Hard

75) For the following acid / base reaction which statement is true taking H into consideration?

a) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and H is approximately zero.

b) The reaction is an endothermic reaction and H is negative.

c) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and H is negative.

d) The reaction is an exothermic reaction and H is positive.

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acids/bases-thermodynamic principles

Section: 3.9

Difficulty Level: Hard

76) Which of the following is an untrue statement?

a) The % dissociation of a weak acid increases with increasing dilution of the acid solution.

b) The stronger an acid, the weaker its conjugate base.

c) The larger the value of K_a for an acid, the smaller the value of its pK_a.

d) Comparison of the acidity of strong acids in solution requires the use of a solvent less basic than water.

e) The stronger the acid, the more positive the value of Gº for the dissociation.

Topic: Acids/bases-general principles

Section: 3.5 and 3.9

Difficulty Level: Medium

77) Which is the strongest acid?

a) CH₂ClCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CO₂H

b) CH₃CHBrCH₂CH₂CH₂CO₂H

c) CH₃CH₂CH₂CBr₂CH₂CO₂H

d) CH₃CH₂CH₂CHFCH₂CO₂H

e) CH₃CH₂CH₂CF₂CH₂CO₂H

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.10

Difficulty Level: Easy

78) Which is the strongest acid?

a) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CHFCO₂H

b) CH₃CHBrCH₂CH₂CH₂CO₂H

c) CH₃CH₂CH₂CHClCH₂CO₂H

d) CH₃CH₂CH₂CHFCH₂CO₂H

e) CH₃CH₂CH₂CHICH₂CO₂H

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.10

Difficulty Level: Easy

79) Which is the weakest acid?

a) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CHFCO₂H

b) CH₃CHCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂OH

c) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂SO₃H

d) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH=CH₂

e) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.10

Difficulty Level: Easy

80) Rank the bold-faced hydrogens for the following compounds from most acidic to least acidic.

a) V > III > II > IV > I

b) II > V > III > I > IV

c) II > III > V > IV > I

d) III > I > V > II > IV

e) V > II > III > I > IV

Topic: Acid-Base Strength

Section: 3.5 and 3.10

Difficulty Level: Hard

81) Rank the bold-faced hydrogens for the following compounds from most acidic to least acidic.

a) V > III > II > IV > I

b) II > V > III > I > IV

c) V > III > II > I > IV

d) III > I > V > II > IV

e) III > V > II > I > IV

Topic: Acid-Base Strength

Section: 3.5 and 3.10

Difficulty Level: Hard

82) Rank the bold-faced hydrogens for the following compounds from most acidic to least acidic.

a) II > IV > V > III > I

b) IV > II > III > V > I

c) V > III > IV > II > I

d) II > IV > III > V > I

e) IV > II > I > V > III

Topic: Acid-Base Strength

Section: 3.5 and 3.10

Difficulty Level: Hard

83) Rank the bold-faced hydrogens for the following compounds from most acidic to least acidic.

a) IV > II > III > V > I

b) II > IV > I > V > III

c) IV > I > III > II > V

d) I > IV > II > V > III

e) I > IV > II > III > V

Topic: Acid-Base Strength

Section: 3.5 and 3.10

Difficulty Level: Hard

84) Which might be used as a protic solvent?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

Topic: Solvent effects

Section: 3.11

Difficulty Level: Easy

85) Acetic acid dissociates most completely in:

a) CCl₄

b) Cl₂C=CCl₂

c) H₂O

d) (CH₃CH₂)₂O

e) the gas phase

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.11

Difficulty Level: Medium

86) Which of these bases is the strongest one which can be used (and retains its basic character) in aqueous solution?

a) OCH₃^–

b) F^–

c) OH^–

d) C₂H₃O₂^–

e) HSO₄^–

Topic: Relative acid/base strengths, solvent effects

Section: 3.5 and 3.11

Difficulty Level: Medium

87) The amide ion, NH₂^–, is a base which can be used only in which of the solvents shown below:

a) CH₃OH

b) CH₃CH₂OH

c) H₂O

d) D₂O

e) Liquid NH₃

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.14

Difficulty Level: Easy

88) As a consequence of the "leveling effect," the strongest acid which can exist in appreciable concentration in aqueous solution is:

a) H₃O⁺

b) H₂SO₄

c) HClO₄

d) HCl

e) HNO₃

Topic: Solvent effects

Section: 3.1 and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Easy

89) Which combination of reagents is the least effective in generating sodium isopropoxide, (CH₃)₂CHONa?

a) (CH₃)₂CHOH + CH₃Na

b) (CH₃)₂CHOH + NaNH₂

c) (CH₃)₂CHOH + NaH

d) (CH₃)₂CHOH + H₂C=CHNa

e) (CH₃)₂CHOH + CH₃CH₂ONa

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

90) In the reaction, Na⁺NH₂^– + CH₃OH  CH₃O^–Na⁺ + NH₃, the stronger base is:

a) NaNH₂

b) CH₃OH

c) CH₃ONa

d) NH₃

e) This is not an acid-base reaction.

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions, base strength

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Easy

91) Adding sodium amide (NaNH₂) to 1-butyne (CH₃CH₂C≡CH) would produce:

a) CH₃CH₂C≡CNa + NH₃

b) CH₃CH₂C≡C-C≡CH₂CH₃ + NaH + NH₃

c) CH₃CH₂C≡CNH₂ + NaH

d) NaCH₂CH₂C≡CH + NH₃

e) CH₃CH(Na)C≡CH + NH₃

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Easy

92) A product of the reaction, CH₃CH₂Li + D₂O  is

a) CH₃CH₂OD

b) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃

c) CH₂=CH₂

d) CH₃CH₂D

e) CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₃

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions, isotope labeling

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Easy

93) Which acid-base reaction would not take place as written?

a) CH₃Li + CH₃CH₂OH  CH₄ + CH₃CH₂OLi

b) HCCH + NaOH  HCCNa + H₂O

c) HCCNa + H₂O  HCCH + NaOH

d) CH₃OH + NaH  CH₃ONa + H₂

e) CH₃CO₂H + CH₃ONa  CH₃CO₂Na + CH₃OH

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

94) Which acid-base reaction would not take place as written?

a) CH₃Li + CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂  CH₄ + CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂NHLi

b) CH₃CCH + NaOCH₃  CH₃CCNa + CH₃OH

c) HCCNa + H₂O  HCCH + NaOH

d) CH₃OH + NaNH₂  CH₃ONa + NH₃

e) CH₃CO₂H + CH₃ONa  CH₃CO₂Na + CH₃OH

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

95) Which acid-base reaction would not take place as written?

a) CH₃Li + CH₃CH₂OH ⎯⎯⎯⎯→ CH₄ + CH₃CH₂OLi

b) H₂C=CH₂ + NaOH ⎯⎯⎯⎯→ H₂C=CHNa + H₂O

c) CH₃C≡CNa + H₂O ⎯⎯⎯⎯→ CH₃C≡CH + NaOH

d) (CH₃)₂CHOH + NaH ⎯⎯⎯⎯→ (CH₃)₂CHONa + H₂

e) CH₃CO₂H + CH₃ONa ⎯⎯⎯⎯→ CH₃CO₂Na + CH₃OH

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

96) What compounds are produced when sodium nitrate is added to a mixture of water and ethanol?

a) HNO₃ + NaOH

b) HNO₃ + CH₃CH₂ONa

c) NaOH + CH₃CH₂ONa

d) CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₃ + NaOH

e) No reaction occurs

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

97) What compounds are produced when NaSH is added to a mixture of water and methanol?

a) NaOH + NaOCH₃ + H₂S

b) H₃O⁺ + Na₂S + NaOCH₃

c) H₂SO₄ + NaOCH₃

d) H₃O⁺ + NaOH + CH₃SH

e) No reaction occurs

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

98) Which base would not effectively deprotonate acetylene?

a) LiOCH₃

b) CH₃Li

c) CH₃OCH₂MgBr

d) KH

e) (CH₃)₂NLi

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

99) Which base would not effectively deprotonate acetylene?

a) i-PrMgBr

b) KH

c) CH₃OCH₂Li

d) (i-Pr)₂NLi

e) t-BuOK

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

100) Which base would not effectively deprotonate phenol (PhOH)?

a) i-PrMgBr

b) NaHCO₃

c) NaH

d) (i-Pr)₂NLi

e) t-BuOK

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

101) Which base would not effectively deprotonate benzoic acid (PhCOOH)?

a) i-PrMgBr

b) NaOH

c) NaH

d) (i-Pr)₂NLi

e) All of these choices would effectively deprotonate benzoic acid.

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

102) Which base would most effectively deprotonate benzoic acid (PhCOOH)?

a) NaCl

b) H₂O

c) NaO₂CCH₃

d) t-BuOK

e) All of these choices would effectively deprotonate benzoic acid.

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

103) Which of the reaction conditions would not afford the following transformation?

a) (CH₃)₂NH

b) (CH₃)₃N

c) (CH₃)₂NLi

d) More than one of these choices.

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

104) Which reaction of these potential acids and bases does not occur to any appreciable degree due to an unfavorable equilibrium?

a) NaNH₂ + CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃

b) CH₃CH₂CO₂Na + HI

c) CH₃Li in hexane + ethyne

d) NaH + methanol

e) Two of these choices will not occur.

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.6, 3.7, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

105) Which combination of reagents is effective in generating sodium ethoxide, CH₃CH₂ONa?

a) CH₃CH₂OH + NaH

b) CH₃CH₂OH + NaNH₂

c) CH₃CH₂OH + Na

d) Two of these choices.

e) All of these choices.

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

106) Which combination of reagents is effective in generating sodium propynide, CH₃C≡CNa?

a) CH₃C≡CH + NaH

b) CH₃C≡CH + (CH₃)₂CHONa

c) CH₃C≡CH + C₂H₅Na

d) Two of these choices.

e) All of these choices.

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

107) Adding sodium hydride, NaH, to water produces:

a) H₂ and NaOH(aq)

b) H^–(aq) + Na⁺(aq)

c) H₃O⁺(aq) + Na⁺(aq)

d) H₃O^–(aq) + Na⁺(aq)

e) Na₂O + H₂

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

108) Adding methyllithium, CH₃Li, to ethanol produces:

a) CH₃CH₂Li + CH₃OH

b) CH₃CH₂OLi + CH₄

c) CH₃CH₂OCH₃ + LiH

d) All of these choices.

e) No reaction takes place.

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.65, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

109) Which reaction of these potential acids and bases does not occur to any appreciable degree due to an unfavorable equilibrium?

a) NaOH(aq) + CH₃CH₂CH₂CO₂H

b) CH₃CH₂ONa in ethanol + ethene

c) CH₃Li in hexane + ethyne

d) NaNH₂ in liq. NH₃ + ethanol

e) NaC₂H₃O₂(aq) + HI

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Hard

110) What reactants would give the following products?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Hard

111) Which reaction of these potential acids and bases does not occur to any appreciable degree due to an unfavorable equilibrium?

a) NaNH₂ + CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂OH

b) CH₃CH₂CO₂H + NaCl

c) NaHCO₃ + CH₃CH₂CO₂H

d) NaCH₃ + CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂

e) All of these choices will occur due to a favorable equilibrium.

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5B/C, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Hard

112) Which combination of reagents is the least effective in generating sodium ethoxide, CH₃CH₂ONa?

a) CH₃CH₂OH + NaH

b) CH₃CH₂OH + NaNH₂

c) CH₃CH₂OH + NaOH

d) CH₃CH₂OH + CH₃Na

e) CH₃CH₂OH + HCCNa

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Hard

113) Adding sodium hydride to ethanol would produce:

a) CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₃ + H₂

b) CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₃ + NaOH

c) CH₃CH₂ONa + H₂

d) CH₃CH₂Na + NaOH

e) CH₃CH₃ + NaOH

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.6 and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

114) What does the reaction between the following two species produce?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e) No reaction

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.6 and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

115) What does the reaction between the following two species produce?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e) No reaction

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.6 and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

116) What reactants would give the following products?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e) No reaction

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.6 and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

117. What is the major product for the following reaction?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e) No reaction

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.6 and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Medium

118) What does the reaction between the following two species produce?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e) No reaction

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.6 and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Hard

119) Which reaction will yield CH₃CH₂-D?

a) CH₃CH₃ + D₂O

b) CH₃CH₂Li + D₂O

c) CH₃CH₂OLi + D₂O

d) CH₃CH₂OH + D₂O

e) More than one of these choices.

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions, isotope labeling

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.15

Difficulty Level: Medium

120) What deuterium reactant would give the following product?

a) D₂O

b) D₃O⁺

c) NaOD

d) CH₃OD

e) None of these choices.

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.15

Difficulty Level: Hard

121) Which sequence is the best one to use to prepare CH₃CCD?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e) None of these choices will be successful.

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions, isotope labeling

Section: 3.5, 3.6, 3.14, and 3.15

Difficulty Level: Medium

122) What is the major product for the following reaction?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e) No reaction

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, 3.14, and 3.15

Difficulty Level: Hard

123) Which of the reaction conditions could afford the following transformation?

a)

b)

c)

d)

E) All of these choices would work.

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.5, 3.6, 3.14, and 3.15

Difficulty Level: Hard

124) What is the major product for the following reaction?

a)

b)

c)

d) LiD₂O

e) No Reaction

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.6, 3.14, and 3.15

Difficulty Level: Hard

Question type: True/false

125) It is impossible to have pK_a values of organic acids that are negative.

Topic: Acidity and pKa

Section: 3.5

Difficulty: Easy

126) In order for an acid-base reaction to take place the pK_a of the acid must be higher than the pK_a of the conjugate acid of the base.

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions

Section: 3.6

Difficulty: Hard

127) It is very difficult to deprotonate a hydrogen that is attached to an alkyne carbon as the pi bonds sterically block the base from extracting the hydrogen.

Topic: Hydrocarbon acidity

Section: 3.7

Difficulty: Medium

128) For a reaction that has positive change in entropy, increasing the temperature of the reaction will help make the reaction energetically favorable to form products.

Topic: Free-Energy Change

Secion: 3.9

Difficulty: Medium

129) Carboxylic acids have conjugate bases that are resonance stabilized, which typically makes them much more acidic than alcohols.

Topic: Delocalization

Section: 3.10

Difficulty: Easy

130) The strongest acid that can exist in an aqueous solution is the hydronium ion H₃O⁺.

Topic: Acids and Bases in Solvents

Section: 3.14

Difficulty: Medium

Question type: fill-in-the-blank

131 According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, an acid is a substance that can ___.

Topic: Acids and Bases

Section: 3.1

Difficulty Level: Easy

132) The molecule or ion that is formed when an acid loses its proton is called the ___.

Topic: Acids and Bases

Section: 3.1

Difficulty Level: Easy

133) When drawing mechanisms, chemists generally use curved arrows. The curved arrow begins at a(n) ___ rich area and points toward a(n) ___ deficient area.

Topic: Using Curved Arrows

Section: 3.2

Difficulty Level: Easy

134) According to Lewis theory, a base is a substance that can ___.

Topic: Acids and Bases

Section: 3.3

Difficulty Level: Easy

135) A substance that can donate a lone pair of electrons is a ___ according to ___ theory.

Topic: Acids and Bases

Section: 3.3

Difficulty Level: Easy

136) Reagents that seek to react with an electron-deficient center other than a proton are called ___.

Topic: Nucleophiles and Electrophiles

Section: 3.4

Difficulty Level: Easy

137) Protons or other electron-deficient centers that seek out electron-rich molecules are known as ___.

Topic: Nucleophiles and Electrophiles

Section: 3.4

Difficulty Level: Easy

Question type: Molecular drawing

138) The isomer of alanine shown below is one of the 20 naturally occurring amino acids that are used to make proteins. Amino acids like alanine exist at neutral acidity (pH = 7) in the following form:

What would be the structure of alanine if HCl(aq) was added to lower the pH = 1? What would be the structure of alanine if NaOH(aq) was added until the pH = 12?

Topic: Acidity and pKa

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Hard

139) Write an equation to show the reaction between ethanol, C₂H₅OH and methyllithium, CH₃Li. Draw all non-bonding electrons and show electron flow with curved arrows.

Topic: Acid-base reactions

Section: 3.2, 3.5, and 3.6

Difficulty Level: Medium

140) Write an equation that shows the reaction between acetic acid (CH₃COOH) and triethylamine (CH₃CH₂)₃N. Draw all non-bonding lone electron pairs and show the electron flow with curved arrows.

Topic: Acid-base reactions

Section: 3.2, 3.5, and 3.6

Difficulty Level: Medium

Question type: Essay

141) Why do water-insoluble carboxylic acids dissolve in aqueous sodium hydroxide?

Topic: Acids and Bases

Section: 3.6

Difficulty Level: Easy

142) You are planning to purify an impure sample of benzoic acid, known to be contaminated with naphthalene. Propose a strategy for purifying this sample, making use of acid-base principles, using equations to further clarify your answer.

Alternatively, before beginning the reaction with aqueous NaOH, the impure sample is first dissolved in diethyl ether (benzoic acid and naphthalene are both soluble in ether) and placed in a separatory funnel. After shaking thoroughly with aqueous NaOH, the aqueous layer (which now contains sodium benzoate) is collected. The rest of the procedure is as described earlier.

Topic: Acid-base reactions, solvent selection

Section: 3.5 and 3.6

Difficulty Level: Hard

Question type: fill-in-the-blank

143) Bond polarization that takes place through space and through the bonds of the molecule is called the ___.

Topic: Relative Acidity

Section: 3.7

Difficulty Level: Medium

Question type: Essay

144) What are the two fundamental types of energy?

Topic: Energy

Section: 3.8

Difficulty Level: Medium

145) Briefly, but clearly, explain why the –OH hydrogen in acetic acid (CH₃CO₂H) is more acidic than in ethanol (C₂H₅OH).

Topic: Relative acid strength

Section: 3.10

Difficulty Level: Medium

146) Define a protic solvent.

Topic: Types of Solvents

Section: 3.11

Difficulty Level: Easy

Question type: molecular drawing

147) Draw an arrow pushing mechanism to illustrate the formation of t-butyl bromide from t-butanol and draw in the necessary intermediates and products formed.

Topic: Mechanisms for Organic Reactions

Section: 3.13

Difficulty Level: Hard

Question type: essay

148) You are planning to carry out a reaction between propyne, CH₃C≡CH and sodium amide, NaNH₂. You also need to choose an appropriate solvent for carrying out the reaction. Would ethanol be suitable for this purpose? Explain your rationale clearly.

Topic: Acid-base reactions, solvent selection

Section: 3.14

Difficulty Level: Hard

149) Isotope labeling is an important tool in the study of reaction mechanisms. How will you selectively deuterate the specified hydrogen atom, indicated by an arrow, in the following compound? Use equations to clarify your answer and briefly explain your rationale.

Topic: Relative acid strength, isotope labeling

Section: 3.9 and 3.15

Difficulty Level: Hard

Question type: molecular drawing

150) If the following compound were treated with excess NaOH followed by an excess of D₂O, what would be the structure of the new product formed?

Topic: Relative acid strength, isotope labeling

Section: 3.9 and 3.15

Difficulty Level: Medium

151) What is the conjugate acid of ethanol?

a) CH₃CH₂O^–

b) CH₃CH₂^

c) CH₃CH₂OH₂⁺

d) CH₃CH₃

e) CH₃OCH₃

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.1

Difficulty Level: Easy

152) According to the Lewis definition, an acid is a(n) ___.

a) proton donor

b) electron pair donor

c) hydroxide ion donor

d) hydrogen ion donor

e) electron pair acceptor

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.3

Difficulty Level: Easy

153) For the equilibrium

the two substances which are both bases are:

a) H₂O and H₃O⁺

b) CH₃NH₃⁺ and H₂O

c) CH₃NH₃⁺ and CH₃NH₂

d) CH₃NH₃⁺ and H₃O⁺

e) CH₃NH₂ and H₂O

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.1 and 3.3

Difficulty Level: Medium

154) Which of these phosphorus-based acids is triprotic?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

Topic: Acids/bases- general

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Easy

155) The reaction between which combination of substances can only be classified as a Lewis acid-base reaction?

a) CH₃Li + C₂H₅OH

b) H₂SO₄ + CH₃CO₂Na

c) BF₃ + NH₃

d) H₃O⁺ + CH₃NH^–

e) two of these choices

Topic: Acid-Base Definitions

Section: 3.1 and 3.5

Difficulty Level: Hard

156) Which of the following organic compounds is the weakest acid?

a) C₆H₁₂ pK_a = 52

b) CH₃CH₃ pK_a = 50

c) CH₃CH₂OH pK_a = 18

d) CH₃CO₂H pK_a = 5

e) CF₃CO₂H pK_a = 0

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Easy

157) Which of the following organic compounds has the weakest conjugate base?

a) C₆H₁₂ pK_a = 52

b) CH₃CH₃ pK_a = 50

c) CH₃CH₂OH pK_a = 18

d) CH₃CO₂H pK_a = 5

e) CF₃CO₂H pK_a = 0

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Easy

158) Which is the weakest acid?

a) CH₃CH₂OH

b) CH₃CO₂H

c) HCCH

d) CH₂=CH₂

e) CH₃CH₃

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Easy

159) Select the weakest base.

a) OH^–

b) RCC^–

c) NH₂^–

d) CH₂=CH^–

e) CH₃CH₂^–

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Easy

160) Which of the acids below would have the weakest conjugate base?

a) CH₃CH₂OH pK_a = 18

b) CH₃CO₂H pK_a = 4.75

c) ClCH₂CO₂H pK_a = 2.81

d) Cl₂CHCO₂H pK_a = 1.29

e) Cl₃CCO₂H pK_a = 0.66

Topic: Acid-Base Strength

Section: 3.5

Difficulty Level: Medium

161) Based on the position of the central atom in the periodic chart, we predict that the weakest conjugate base of the following is:

a) H₂O

b) H₂S

c) H₂Se

d) H₂Te

e) All acids are equal in strength.

Topic: Relative acid / base strengths

Section: 3.7

Difficulty Level: Easy

162) Based on the position of the central atom in the periodic chart, we predict that the strongest conjugate base of the following is:

a) H₂O

b) H₂S

c) H₂Se

d) H₂Te

e) All acids are equal in strength.

Topic: Relative acid / base strengths

Section: 3.7

Difficulty Level: Easy

163) The compounds ethane, ethene, and ethyne exhibit this order of increasing stability of their respective conjugate base:

a) Ethyne < ethene < ethane

b) Ethene < ethyne < ethane

c) Ethane < ethyne < ethene

d) Ethane < ethene < ethyne

e) Ethene < ethane < ethyne

Topic: Relative acid strength

Section: 3.5 and 3.7

Difficulty Level: Easy

164) Which is the weakest acid?

a) CH₂BrCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CO₂H

b) CH₃CHBrCH₂CH₂CH₂CO₂H

c) CH₃CH₂CH₂CBr₂CH₂CO₂H

d) CH₃CH₂CH₂CHFCH₂CO₂H

e) CH₃CH₂CH₂CF₂CH₂CO₂H

Topic: Relative acid-base strengths

Section: 3.10

Difficulty Level: Easy

165) In the reaction, Na⁺NH₂^– + CH₃OH  CH₃O^–Na⁺ + NH₃, the stronger acid is:

a) NaNH₂

b) CH₃OH

c) CH₃ONa

d) NH₃

e) This is not an acid-base reaction.

Topic: Acid-Base Reactions, base strength

Section: 3.5, 3.6, and 3.14

Difficulty Level: Easy