Ch2 Test Bank + Answers + England And Its American Colonies,

Chapter 2: England and Its American Colonies, 1607–1732

CORE OBJECTIVES

1. Identify the economic, political, and religious motivations for the establishment of England’s diverse American colonies.

2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

3. Analyze the ways by which English colonists and Native Americans adapted to each other’s presence.

4. Analyze the role of indentured servants and the development of slavery in colonial America.

5. Explain how the English colonies became the most populous, prosperous, and powerful region in North America by 1700.

TRUE/FALSE

1. Although English settlers along the American coast may have expected the area to be uninhabited wilderness, the region was already well populated.

OBJ: 1. Identify the economic, political, and religious motivations for the establishment of England’s diverse American colonies.

TOP: Introduction

2. The most important organizational innovation of the Age of Exploration was the joint-stock company.

OBJ: 1. Identify the economic, political, and religious motivations for the establishment of England’s diverse American colonies.

TOP: People and Profits

3. Englishmen had a very well-developed sense of liberty as a result of the Magna Carta and the establishment of Parliament.

OBJ: 1. Identify the economic, political, and religious motivations for the establishment of England’s diverse American colonies.

TOP: Political Traditions

4. As a result of the Glorious Revolution, England abolished the monarchy and became a republic.

OBJ: 1. Identify the economic, political, and religious motivations for the establishment of England’s diverse American colonies.

TOP: Religious Conflict and War

5. The Virginia Company was a joint-stock company.

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

TOP: The Chesapeake Region

6. English settlers arriving in Virginia in 1607 prospered quickly because of the abundance of fertile lands and wild game.

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

TOP: Jamestown

7. Sir Edwin Sandys took over the Virginia Company in 1618 and instituted important changes that stabilized the colony.

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

TOP: Jamestown

8. Due to its harsh winters, New England’s death rate was higher than that of Maryland or Virginia.

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

TOP: New England

9. After being banished from Massachusetts because of his strict interpretation of the Puritan faith, Roger Williams founded Rhode Island.

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

TOP: Rhode Island

10. The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina established a formal nobility and provided for religious toleration.

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

TOP: The Carolinas

11. New Netherland became a very ethnically diverse region of the American colonies.

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

TOP: New Netherland Becomes New York

12. An attack led by Indians in 1622 killed about one fourth of Virginia’s settlers along the James River.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the ways by which English colonists and Native Americans adapted to each other’s presence.

TOP: Food and Land

13. By the mid-1670s, many of Virginia’s free white adult men owned no land, and squatting, wandering, and poaching became significant problems.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the ways by which English colonists and Native Americans adapted to each other’s presence.

TOP: Bacon’s Rebellion

14. Puritan Roger Williams was considered dangerous by Puritan leaders because he insisted that all faiths—including Native American faiths—should be treated equally.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the ways by which English colonists and Native Americans adapted to each other’s presence.

TOP: Native Americans and Christianity

15. The rapid growth of slavery in the Americas was driven by profits and racist attitudes that viewed Africans as property rather than human beings.

OBJ: 4. Analyze the role of indentured servants and the development of slavery in colonial America.

TOP: African Roots

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following was a primary goal the English government had for the American colonies?

a. To provide England with raw materials

b. To establish a global trade network with Native Americans

c. To establish a new nation

d. To establish a penal colony to ease overcrowding of English prisons

e. To create a space for religious freedom

OBJ: 1. Identify the economic, political, and religious motivations for the establishment of England’s diverse American colonies.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: People and Profits

MSC: Understanding

2. By the time of the English colonization of the Americas, the monarchy shared power with __________, a government body of both appointed and elected members.

a. the House of Burgesses

b. Parliament

c. Congress

d. the Assembly of Peers

e. the Peerage

OBJ: 1. Identify the economic, political, and religious motivations for the establishment of England’s diverse American colonies.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Political Traditions

MSC: Remembering

3. Which religious movement in England desired to return to a more simple, basic type of

worship?

a. Dunkers

b. Puritans

c. Calvinists

d. Lutherans

e. Separatists

OBJ: 1. Identify the economic, political, and religious motivations for the establishment of England’s diverse American colonies.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: Religious Conflict and War

MSC: Remembering

4. An example of the political turmoil that induced English citizens to consider moving to the

new British colonies during the 1600s was

a. frequent wars between the English and the Scots.

b. political intrigue amongst the nobles seeking to overthrow the Commonwealth.

c. the violence that erupted when the Long Parliament was disbanded and new elections were demanded.

d. the struggle for authority between King Charles I and Parliament.

e. the execution of Queen Elizabeth for adultery.

OBJ: 1. Identify the economic, political, and religious motivations for the establishment of England’s diverse American colonies.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Religious Conflict and War

MSC: Analyzing

5. A charge given to the Virginia Company by King James I, which was quickly abandoned, was

a. that war be waged against the French.

b. that privateers attack and seize Spanish shipping from Central America.

c. the conversion of the godless Native Americans to Christianity.

d. the seizure of lands from the French in Quebec.

e. the destruction of the Huguenots in Florida for heresy.

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: The Chesapeake Region

MSC: Remembering

6. One of the major problems affecting the Virginia colony when it was first settled was that

a. its supplies were lost at sea when the Mayflower sank.

b. its first settlers were either townsmen or gentlemen who didn’t know how to farm.

c. it was almost destroyed when the Spanish discovered the colony and set fire to it.

d. Native Americans raided its supplies to survive the winter, leaving the colonists without sufficient food.

e. colonists were too busy finding gold to plant food to survive.

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Jamestown

MSC: Analyzing

7. The Virginia colony began to grow and eventually prosper when John Rolfe

a. began growing tobacco for export to England.

b. discovered gold on the Yorktown Peninsula.

c. married Pocahontas and established an alliance with her father, ending the wars between the colony and the Powhatans.

d. established the headright system in the colony to bring the population under his control.

e. introduced slavery to make up for the labor shortage.

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Jamestown

MSC: Understanding

8. Sir Edwin Sandys established __________ in the Virginia colony in an attempt to make it

more profitable.

a. slavery

b. headrights

c. trading posts

d. ports

e. naval bases

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Jamestown

MSC: Remembering

9. Maryland was different from the rest of the English colonies in that it was a __________

colony, owned by Lord Baltimore.

a. proprietary

b. royal

c. penal

d. secular

e. slave-owning

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Maryland

MSC: Remembering

10. Why didn’t the colony of Maryland succeed as a Catholic colony?

a. Catholics were heavily persecuted by the natives of the region.

b. Parliament refused to fund a “popish” colony.

c. Too few Catholics settled there.

d. Settlers felt that they were too far from Rome.

e. Most Catholics knew little about farming.

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Maryland

MSC: Understanding

11. What was one major way that the colonists settling in New England differed from those in the original Jamestown colony?

a. They sought freedom of religion from the Catholicism of Great Britain.

b. They were more interested in making a profit off of the land than were those in Jamestown.

c. They were of the middle class, and most could pay their own way.

d. They fled from the violence in Great Britain during the Glorious Revolution.

e. Many of them were elite plantation owners.

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: New England

MSC: Understanding

12. Pilgrim Separatists aboard the Mayflower signed a “democratic” document called the __________ in which they agreed to abide by laws made by leaders of their own choosing.

a. Articles of Confederation

b. Pilgrim Contract

c. Bill of Concessions

d. Mayflower Compact

e. Anglican Confessional

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Plymouth

MSC: Remembering

13. By the late 1610s, what religious group had been persecuted, fled to Holland, then finally established the colony of Plymouth?

a. Puritans

b. Separatists

c. Dunkers

d. Quakers

e. Calvinists

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Plymouth

MSC: Remembering

14. Settling with the Narragansett Indian tribe, this religious reformer established Rhode Island.

a. John Smith

b. Roger Williams

c. John Winthrop

d. Benjamin Franklin

e. Anne Hutchinson

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Rhode Island

MSC: Remembering

15. Led by John Winthrop, this group of religious reformers desired to establish a new colony that would be a model Christian community.

a. Puritans

b. Separatists

c. Dunkers

d. Quakers

e. Jesuits

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Massachusetts Bay

MSC: Remembering

16. Which colony came into existence due to the recruitment of planters from the already established Caribbean colony of Barbados?

a. Massachusetts

b. Maryland

c. Pennsylvania

d. South Carolina

e. Connecticut

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: The Carolinas

MSC: Remembering

17. The proprietors of South Carolina recruited settlers from __________ to settle their colony and avoid labor issues.

a. Barbados

b. Cuba

c. the Canary Islands

d. the Isle of Man

e. Virginia

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: The Carolinas

MSC: Remembering

18. The first Jewish colonists who arrived in the New World were primarily of __________ descent.

a. Iranian

b. Spanish-Portuguese

c. French

d. English

e. Germanic-Russian

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: New Netherland Becomes New York

MSC: Remembering

19. __________ differed from other religious colonial leaders in that he encouraged settlers of all faiths to establish themselves in his colony.

a. William Penn

b. Roger Williams

c. John Winthrop

d. John Wesley

e. Thomas Hooker

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Pennsylvania

MSC: Remembering

20. Led by James Oglethorpe, this colony was settled for military and philanthropic reasons.

a. Connecticut

b. Georgia

c. South Carolina

d. Maryland

e. Maine

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Georgia

MSC: Remembering

21. How was Georgia’s establishment different than that of the other English colonies?

a. It was one of the first.

b. All forms of religion were permitted.

c. It was established as a military buffer between the colonists and Spanish Florida.

d. It had a large French Protestant contingent.

e. Only Catholics were allowed to live there.

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: Georgia

MSC: Remembering

22. What was one of the reasons the colony of Georgia grew?

a. It became a joint-stock corporation.

b. It was given to 21 trustees to oversee.

c. Idealistic rules were abandoned.

d. Rum was outlawed.

e. It began to sell captured natives as slaves.

OBJ: 2. Describe the political, economic, social, and religious characteristics of English colonies in the Chesapeake region, New England, the Carolinas, and the middle colonies prior to 1700.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Georgia

MSC: Understanding

23. During the first few years of the __________, the peoples of the Powhatan Confederacy kept the settlers from starving to death.

a. Maryland colony

b. Plymouth colony

c. New Netherland colony

d. Jamestown colony

e. Massachusetts Bay colony

OBJ: 3. Analyze the ways by which English colonists and Native Americans adapted to each other’s presence.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Food and Land

MSC: Understanding

24. What were “praying towns”?

a. Another name for the first Puritan communities in the New World

b. Communities established by Puritans in England to avoid persecution

c. Another name for the earliest Quaker communities

d. A derogatory reference to unsuccessful Pilgrim settlements

e. Villages created by Puritans to separate “Christianized” Indians from their “heathen” brethren

OBJ: 3. Analyze the ways by which English colonists and Native Americans adapted to each other’s presence.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Native Americans and Christianity

MSC: Understanding

25. Pennsylvania colonists had a different experience with the Native Americans than most other colonies. Why?

a. Relatively few Native Americans lived in that area.

b. The colony’s founder purchased Native American lands and learned some of their language.

c. When the settlers arrived, they purposefully wiped out all of the Native Americans.

d. The colonists settled in an area known for having peaceful natives.

e. The colonists did not seek to convert them to Christianity.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the ways by which English colonists and Native Americans adapted to each other’s presence.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Native Americans and Christianity

MSC: Understanding

26. The death of John Sassamon, a Christian Indian, in 1674 spurred

a. the Pequot War.

b. King Philip’s War.

c. Queen Anne’s War.

d. the French and Indian War.

e. Bacon’s Rebellion.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the ways by which English colonists and Native Americans adapted to each other’s presence.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: King Philip’s War

MSC: Understanding

27. The English colonial region with the most success at enslaving Native Americans in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries was

a. the Carolinas

b. New England

c. the Chesapeake

d. Florida

e. Maryland

OBJ: 3. Analyze the ways by which English colonists and Native Americans adapted to each other’s presence.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Enslaving Indians in Carolina

MSC: Remembering

28. In New York, a group of Native Americans joined together to resist Anglo encroachment.

They were known as the

a. Chippewa Confederation.

b. Iroquois League.

c. Shawnee Nation.

d. United Cherokees.

e. Ojibwa Organization.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the ways by which English colonists and Native Americans adapted to each other’s presence.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: The Iroquois League

MSC: Remembering

29. Why was indentured servitude necessary for the prosperity of the Chesapeake colonies?

a. It allowed people to practice freely whatever religion they wanted.

b. England could get rid of undesirable citizens.

c. There was a shortage of laborers.

d. Nobody wanted to move to the colonies due to the continuous attacks by Native Americans.

e. Cotton was very labor intensive, and a cheap source of labor was needed to maximize profits.

OBJ: 4. Analyze the role of indentured servants and the development of slavery in colonial America.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Indentured Servitude

MSC: Understanding

30. Once freed, what were a former indentured servant’s “freedom dues”?

a. A generous grant of land from his former master

b. Some money, tools, clothing, and food; perhaps a little land

c. The right to marry, which was forbidden while under contract

d. The ability to collect back pay

e. The right to vote

OBJ: 4. Analyze the role of indentured servants and the development of slavery in colonial America.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Indentured Servitude

MSC: Understanding

31. Because of the __________ crop, the need for a substantial labor force in Virginia became

increasingly obvious.

a. tobacco

b. corn

c. maize

d. cotton

e. wheat

OBJ: 4. Analyze the role of indentured servants and the development of slavery in colonial America.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Indentured Servitude

MSC: Understanding

32. During their time of service, indentured servants

a. were never allowed to marry.

b. could not engage in trade.

c. could not own property.

d. could not be whipped.

e. could sue their master.

OBJ: 4. Analyze the role of indentured servants and the development of slavery in colonial America.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Indentured Servitude

MSC: Evaluating

33. More than __________ Africans were forcibly shipped from Africa to North and South America during the course of the Atlantic slave trade.

a. 100,000

b. 1 million

c. 10 million

d. 50 million

e. 100 million

OBJ: 4. Analyze the role of indentured servants and the development of slavery in colonial America.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: African Roots

MSC: Remembering

34. The trans-Atlantic voyage that brought African slaves to the Americas was known as the

a. slave trade.

b. Underground Railroad.

c. Black Diaspora.

d. Middle Passage.

e. Triangular Trade.

OBJ: 4. Analyze the role of indentured servants and the development of slavery in colonial America.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: African Roots

MSC: Remembering

35. How many Africans died aboard ships making the Middle Passage?

a. 1 in 3

b. 1 in 6

c. 1 in 10

d. 1 in 25

e. 1 in 100

OBJ: 4. Analyze the role of indentured servants and the development of slavery in colonial America.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: African Roots

MSC: Remembering

36. Which of the following statements regarding slavery in the colonies is correct?

a. Regulations against slavery in Georgia were largely followed after the colony's founding.

b. Slavery resulted in African words, such as tote and banana, entering the English language.

c. Slavery in English North America was very similar from region to region.

d. The arrival of African slaves preceded the recruitment of indentured servants.

e. In the eighteenth century, slavery was much more common in the North than in the South.

OBJ: 4. Analyze the role of indentured servants and the development of slavery in colonial America.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Slavery and Servitude in the Colonies

MSC: Understanding

37. By the early eighteenth century, the __________ were the dominant force in North America.

a. French

b. Spanish

c. Dutch

d. English

e. Mexicans

OBJ: 5. Explain how the English colonies became the most populous, prosperous, and powerful region in North America by 1700.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Thriving Colonies

MSC: Remembering

38. American colonists were __________ than their counterparts in Europe.

a. worse off economically

b. generally more prone to illness

c. better fed, clothed, and housed

d. more likely to marry young

e. more likely to remain single

OBJ: 5. Explain how the English colonies became the most populous, prosperous, and powerful region in North America by 1700.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Thriving Colonies

MSC: Understanding

39. What was a crucial advantage that the English colonies had over other European colonists?

a. better geography

b. better work ethic

c. better relations with the Native American populace

d. self-governance

e. better crop land

OBJ: 5. Explain how the English colonies became the most populous, prosperous, and powerful region in North America by 1700.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Thriving Colonies

MSC: Evaluating

40. Which of the following was a reason for English colonial success?

a. A hands-on style of management by Parliament

b. A hands-on style of management by the king

c. The ability of the colonies to engage in free trade with numerous nations

d. The organization by the colonists of profit-making entities with little government interference

e. The heavy subsidization of the colonies by taxpayers in England

OBJ: 5. Explain how the English colonies became the most populous, prosperous, and powerful region in North America by 1700.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Thriving Colonies

MSC: Understanding

ESSAY

1. Compare and contrast the New England, middle, Chesapeake, and Carolina colonies of the seventeenth century. How did they differ in population, economies, and ways of life?

Answers will vary.

2. How did the native populations of given regions (Mexico, Chesapeake, New England, Southwest, etc.) affect European colonization efforts in those same regions?

Answers will vary.

3. In what ways was English colonization different from Spanish colonization? Or French or Dutch colonization?

Answers will vary.

4. What made settlement in the middle colonies (NY, NJ, PA) so attractive to diverse European peoples?

Answers will vary.

5. By the early eighteenth century, the English had surpassed other European colonization efforts and became the most populous, prosperous, and powerful entity in North America. Explain how this happened.

Answers will vary.

MATCHING

Match each person or group with one of the descriptions below.

a. Connecticut f. Pennsylvania

b. Georgia g. Plymouth

c. Maryland h. Rhode Island

d. Massachusetts Bay i. Virginia

e. Jamestown j. Delaware

1. William Bradford

2. Lord Baltimore

3. Thomas Hooker

4. “20 Negars”

5. James Oglethorpe

6. William Penn

7. John Smith

8. Roger Williams

9. John Winthrop

10. Baron De La Warr