Ch2 Complete Test Bank Exploring The Landscape Of OB - Organizational Behaviour 1e Canadian Complete Test Bank by Medcof, Neubert Dyck. DOCX document preview.
Package Title: Neubert 1e Testbank
Course Title: Organizational Behaviour
Chapter Number: 2
Shuffle: No
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following maxims were Frank and Lillian Gilbreth most well-known for in the scientific management community?
a) Finding the best way to perform a task
b) Applying bureaucratic usefulness to the organization
c) Finding critical human relations in organizations
d) Applying total quality management to every task
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
2. According to Max Weber, the scientific management approach contributed to the rise of the _____.
a) Stakeholder approach
b) Bureaucratic organization
c) One best way approach
d) Total quality management
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
3. Mary Parker Follet made a significant contribution in the area of _____.
a) Institutionalization
b) Bureaucracy
c) Total quality management
d) Human relations
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
4. Mary Parker Follet advocated that _____.
a) There is only one best way to accomplish a specific task
b) Authority should not always go to a person who holds a managerial position
c) Work should be reorganized based on rules and procedures
d) Institutionalized social norms and expectations should control people’s actions
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
5. Which of the following conclusions was an outcome of further studies on the research done by Elton Mayo and Fritz Roethlisberger at the Hawthorne plant of the Western Electric Company?
a) Workers’ productivity will increase whenever managers give them special attention.
b) Organizations can be managed in an impersonal manner.
c) Institutionalized social norms and expectations control people’s actions by setting up predefined patterns of behaviour.
d) Authority should go to the person who holds the position of manager.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
6. The ____________ highlights the complex interdependences between individuals, features of organizations, and the broader organizational context.
a) Bureaucratic approach
b) Systems theory
c) Obstructionist stance
d) Beliefs theory
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
7. The systems theory advocates that _____.
a) Managers should use a closed-system approach
b) Authority should never rest with managers
c) Managers should adopt an open-systems perspective
d) Productivity increases when workers get special attention
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloomcode: Knowledge
8. Which of the following statements represents the views of W. Edwards Deming?
a) Variability in quality of output is largely attributable to organizational systems and processes.
b) Institutionalized social norms and expectations control people’s actions by setting up predefined patterns of behaviour.
c) Workers’ productivity will increase whenever managers give them special attention.
d) Work should be organized based on rules and procedures and reporting relationships should be designed to maximize efficiency.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
9. Which of the following concepts was highlighted by Philip Selznick during the beliefs era?
a) Human relations
b) Bureaucracy
c) Total quality management
d) Institutionalization
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Communication abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
10. Which of the following concepts emerged during the beliefs era?
a) Human relations
b) Bureaucracy
c) Total quality management
d) Social construction of reality
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
11. Which of the following is considered one of the major issues in the sustainability era of organizational behaviour (OB)?
a) People are not questioning the systems responsible for the wide gap between the rich and the poor.
b) Ecological sustainability is not important for organizations to remain competitive and viable.
c) People are increasingly acting with regard to less tangible concerns such as aesthetics and spirituality.
d) Research suggests that people are more interested in materialistic and economic rewards.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
12. Which of the following trends have emerged during the sustainability era?
a) People are not questioning the systems responsible for the wide gap between the rich and the poor.
b) Ecological sustainability is not important for organizations to remain competitive and viable.
c) Research suggests that people are more interested in materialistic and economic rewards.
d) People around the world are increasingly more interested in the quality of life and a sense of community.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
13. Organizational behaviour (OB) research generally starts with _____.
a) The development of hypotheses
b) A question expressed in terms of a theory
c) Testing of hypotheses in the context of an organization
d) Confirming results by additional studies
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Recognize organizational behaviour as a science.
Section Reference: 2.2 OB as a Science
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
14. A meta-analysis is a study that _____.
a) Focuses on factors that are easily quantifiable to draw conclusions
b) Represents the association between two variables
c) Combines the evidence from numerous studies to draw general conclusions
d) Advocates the use of rules and procedures in organizational tasks
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Recognize organizational behaviour as a science.
Section Reference: 2.2 OB as a Science
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
15. Which of the following statements is true of conventional OB research?
a) The perceived objectivity of the conventional approach makes it difficult to implement.
b) Many conventional OB research designs have a quantitative or positivistic orientation.
c) Conventional OB research is more likely to engage in qualitative research designs.
d) Measuring the views of multiple stakeholders can be easily done by quantitative methods.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Recognize organizational behaviour as a science.
Section Reference: 2.2 OB as a Science
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
16. Conventional OB emphasizes the importance of _____.
a) Organization-specific responsibility
b) Corporate social responsibility
c) Institutionalization
d) Social construction of reality
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
17. Corporate social responsibility focuses on _____.
a) One particular form of well-being
b) The welfare of multiple stakeholders
c) The organization’s owners
d) Financial interests of the organization alone
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
18. Which of the following statements is true of sustainable OB?
a) It seeks to manage customers to serve the financial interests of the organization.
b) It always acts to seek financial well-being.
c) It focuses on the well-being of a particular stakeholder.
d) It is characterized by its service and relationship-building orientation with customers.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
19. Sustainable OB:
a) Seeks to manage customers to serve the financial interests of the organization.
b) Always acts to seek financial well-being.
c) Focuses on the well-being of a particular stakeholder.
d) Strives to enhance multiple forms of well-being for multiple stakeholders.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
20. With conventional OB, management is ethically obligated to _____.
a) Take care of economic as well as social goals
b) All the stakeholders
c) The organization’s owners
d) Care for the natural environment
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
21. Triumph Chemicals Inc. is a company producing a variety of chemical compounds. The company shows little concern toward the environmental hazards caused by the byproducts of its manufacturing processes. It releases toxic chemicals into the nearby lake to avoid the costs involved in setting up a treatment facility. Which of the following does the company adopt for managing the environment?
a) Market approach
b) Obstructionist stance
c) Defensive strategy
d) Stakeholder approach
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Application
22. Which of the following statements is true of the obstructionist stance?
a) Organizational members do only as much as is legally required and may even try to use the law to their own advantage.
b) Organizational members show concern for environmental concerns in response to demands or opportunities in the marketplace.
c) Organizational members acknowledge the need to make ecological choices that are reasonable in the eyes of society.
d) Organizational members do as little as possible to address environmental problems.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
23. An organization adopting an obstructionist stance would:
a) Show environmental concern based on market demands.
b) Do only what is legally required of them.
c) Focus on narrowly defined economic priorities.
d) Address the concerns of various stakeholder groups.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
24. With a(n) _____, organizational members do only as much as is legally required and may even try to use the law to their own advantage.
a) Market approach
b) Obstructionist stance
c) Defensive strategy
d) Stakeholder approach
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
25. Which of the following scenarios is an example of a defensive approach?
a) A retail store collaborates with its suppliers to promote eco-friendly products.
b) A chemical plant meets the minimum safety requirements dictated by legislations.
c) A metal processing industry deposits all the scrap metal on a nearby empty land.
d) A restaurant uses degradable food packaging on the insistence of its customers.
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Application
26. Daily Fresh is a store selling food products. The results of a customer survey showed that most people preferred organically grown food products. Hence, the store started to look for suppliers specializing in organic food products. In this scenario, Daily Fresh is adopting a _____ toward managing the environment.
a) Market approach
b) Obstructionist stance
c) Defensive strategy
d) Stakeholder approach
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Application
27. The _____ goes beyond the market approach and responds to the environmental concerns of various stakeholder groups, including customers, the local community, business partners, and special-interest groups.
a) Ethnocentric approach
b) Obstructionist stance
c) Defensive strategy
d) Accommodation approach
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
28. Which of the following approaches is exhibited by an organization going out of its way to learn about the needs of different stakeholder groups?
a) Proactive approach
b) Obstructionist stance
c) Defensive strategy
d) Ethnocentric approach
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
29. Which of the following statements is true of the accommodation approach?
a) Organizational members do only as much as is legally required and may even try to use the law to their own advantage.
b) Organizational members show concern for environmental concerns in response to demands or opportunities in the marketplace.
c) Organizational members acknowledge the need to make ecological choices that are reasonable in the eyes of society.
d) Organizational members taking this approach do as little as possible to address environmental problems.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
30. Which of the following statements represents the actions of a firm adopting the market approach?
a) Organizational members do only as much as is legally required and may even try to use the law to their own advantage.
b) Organizational members show concern for environmental concerns in response to demands of customers.
c) Organizational members acknowledge the need to make ecological choices that are reasonable in the eyes of society.
d) Organizational members taking this approach do as little as possible to address environmental problems.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
31. Which of the following scenarios is an example of a market approach by organizations?
a) A retail store collaborates with its suppliers to promote eco-friendly products.
b) A chemical plant meets the minimum safety requirements dictated by legislations.
c) A metal processing industry deposits all the scrap metal on a nearby empty land.
d) A restaurant using biodegradable food packaging on the insistence of its customers.
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Application
32. Which of the following scenarios is an example of an accommodation approach?
a) A retail store collaborates with its suppliers to promote eco-friendly products.
b) A chemical plant meets the minimum safety requirements dictated by legislations.
c) A metal processing industry deposits all the scrap metal on a nearby empty land.
d) A restaurant using biodegradable food packaging on the insistence of its customers.
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
33. Which of the following scenarios is an example of a proactive approach?
a) A paint company allocates funds for research on eco-friendly paints to promote environmental well-being.
b) A chemical plant meets the minimum safety requirements dictated by legislations.
c) A metal processing industry deposits all the scrap metal on a nearby empty land.
d) A restaurant using biodegradable food packaging on the insistence of its customers who are willing to pay an extra amount.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Application
34. Which of the following statements is true of sustainable development?
a) It has little concern about the environment.
b) It addresses the concerns of the future generations.
c) It only implements practices required by law.
d) It is limited to environmental concerns highlighted by a section of the public.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
35. Jupiter Energy Solutions Inc. aims to reduce the usage of conventional sources of energy by developing technologies for effective harnessing of wind and solar energy. The company’s aim is to contribute to the conservation of resources for the future generation. Which strategy for environmental management has the company adopted?
a) Sustainable development
b) Obstructionist stance
c) Defensive strategy
d) Ethnocentric approach
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Application
36. Nebulia is a country rich in the production of tropical fruits. It is dependent on Helmsford, its neighbour, for food grains and spices, while Helmsford imports fruits from Nebulia. Which of the following terms best describes the interdependence between these two countries?
a) Sustainable development
b) Specialization
c) Globalization
d) Ethnocentrism
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Application
37. Which of the following approaches are used by organizations that adopt sustainable OB when working in other cultures?
a) Corporate social responsibility
b) Egalicentrism
c) Polycentrism
d) Sustainable development
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Knowledge
38. Which of the following approaches is used by conventional OB when working in other cultures?
a) Materialism
b) Egalicentrism
c) Polycentrism
d) Geographic
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Application
39. Which of the following statements defines ethnocentrism?
a) It assumes organizational members in a host country know the best way to manage an organization in their country.
b) It is the belief that your own country offers the best way to manage in a foreign country.
c) It is characterized by two-way, give-and-take communication that fosters mutual understanding and community.
d) It believes in adopting the policies of the host country.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Knowledge
40. Which of the following statements best describes egalicentrism?
a) It assumes organizational members in a host country know the best way to manage an organization in their country.
b) It is the belief that your own country offers the best way to manage in a foreign country.
c) It is characterized by two-way, give-and-take communication that fosters mutual understanding and community.
d) It believes in adopting the policies of the host country.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Application
41. Which of the following statements is a characteristic of polycentrism?
a) It is the belief that the best way to maximize a firms’ profits is to adapt to the practices found in foreign countries.
b) It is the belief that your own country offers the best way to manage in a foreign country.
c) It is characterized by two-way, give-and-take communication that fosters mutual understanding and community.
d) It is a means of developing new practices than a process of picking and choosing the “best of” existing practices from around the world.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Knowledge
42. Which of the following statements is an important feature of egalicentrism?
a) It is the belief that the best way to maximize a firms’ profits is to adapt to the practices found in foreign countries.
b) It emphasizes the importance of understanding the differences among cultures and learning from each other.
c) It emphasizes the fact that an organization’s home country is more advanced and developed than a foreign country.
d) It is the belief that your own country offers the best way to manage in a foreign country.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Knowledge
43. White Pharmaceuticals Inc. is a multinational firm with a number of branches across the world. When working in countries with different cultures, it focuses on mutual coordination and an understanding of the differences in cultures. Which of the following approaches has the company adopted?
a) Ethnocentrism
b) Imperialism
c) Egalicentrism
d) Polycentrism
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Application
44. Best Foods Inc. is a multinational company. It believes that the practices followed in its home country are the most appropriate ones to follow in foreign countries. Which of the following describes the company’s approaches in dealing with multiple cultures?
a) Ethnocentrism
b) Imperialism
c) Egalicentrism
d) Polycentrism
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Application
45. Orchid Paints Inc. is a multinational company. It recently opened a branch in Maldovia. The company has decided to adopt the business strategies followed in Maldovia to maximize its profits. Which of the following approaches has the company adopted for working with diverse cultures?
a) Ethnocentrism
b) Imperialism
c) Egalicentrism
d) Polycentrism
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Application
46. Ruby Industries Inc. is a company high on individualism. Hence, it would:
a) Emphasize that its policies are the best for operating in different cultures.
b) Show least concern for the environmental implications of its activities.
c) Use a piece-rate system to increase workers’ productivity.
d) Reward workers based on their tenure in the company.
Level of Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Application
47. Which of the following statements is true of organizations in an individualistic culture?
a) It emphasizes the importance of the well-being of the society.
b) Employees are motivated by opportunities for personal gains.
c) Loyalty to the group is higher.
d) Pay increase is based on the tenure of a person in an organization.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Knowledge
48. _____ is the dimension of national culture that lays emphasis on conformity and stability.
a) Uncertainty avoidance
b) Power distance
c) Challenging authority
d) Quality of life
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
49. Angela is brought up in a society that adopts a collectivist culture. Which of the following characteristics is she most likely to have?
a) Emphasis on opportunities for personal gain
b) Emphasis on friends and extended family
c) Emphasis on the present and immediate gratification
d) Emphasis on inequality and respect for authority
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Application
50. Which of the following is characteristic of cultures emphasizing materialism?
a) Placing a high value on assertiveness
b) Placing a high value on cooperation
c) Interest in aesthetic and spiritual concerns
d) Emphasis on personal relationships
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Knowledge
51. Simon is highly motivated to work toward achieving a higher position and a wealthy lifestyle. According to Hofstede, which dimension of national culture is seen in this example?
a) Uncertainty avoidance
b) Materialism
c) Ethnocentrism
d) Power distance
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Application
52. Which of the following is a characteristic of culture that emphasizes quality of life?
a) Placing a high value on assertiveness
b) Placing a high value on individual self-interests
c) Interest in aesthetic and spiritual concerns
d) Emphasis on high paying jobs
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Knowledge
53. Ryan grows up in a society that gives importance to the quality of life. Hence, Ryan would:
a) Place a high value on assertiveness.
b) Place a high value on individual self-interests.
c) Give more importance to personal relationships.
d) Focus on extrinsic rewards.
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Application
54. People in a low power distance culture tend to:
a) Expect managers to make decisions.
b) Prefer predictable rules and regulations without ambiguities.
c) Show hesitation in voicing disagreements.
d) Challenge authority and participate in decision making.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Knowledge
55. Which of the following scenarios illustrates the concept of high power distance in cultures?
a) Sam prefers to work cooperatively with his boss in setting his own targets.
b) Patricia is hesitant to question her manager’s decisions.
c) Albert likes a phone and immediately buys it on credit.
d) Syeda participates in making decisions along with her work team.
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Application
56. Which of the following scenarios illustrates the concept of low power distance in cultures?
a) Sam prefers to work with a set of defined rules and regulations.
b) Patricia is hesitant to question her manager’s decisions.
c) Albert likes a phone and immediately buys it on credit.
d) Syeda participates in making decisions along with her work team.
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Application
57. Which of the following scenarios illustrates the concept of time orientation in cultures?
a) Sam prefers to work with a set of defined rules and regulations.
b) Patricia is hesitant to question her manager’s decisions.
c) Albert likes a phone and immediately buys it on credit.
d) Syeda expects her manager to make all important decisions.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Application
58. Which of the following statements is true of cultures with high uncertainty avoidance?
a) They prefer predictable rules and regulations to ambiguity and risk.
b) Managers expect members to be relatively adaptable and willing to try new things.
c) It is considered entirely appropriate that power is distributed unevenly throughout society.
d) Members tend to prefer immediate rewards to delayed gratification.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Knowledge
59. Which of the following scenarios illustrates the concept of high uncertainty avoidance in cultures?
a) Sam prefers to work with a set of defined rules and regulations.
b) Patricia is hesitant to question her manager’s decisions.
c) Albert likes a phone and immediately buys it on credit.
d) Syeda expects her manager to make all important decisions.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Application
60. Which of the following scenarios illustrates the concept of low uncertainty avoidance in cultures?
a) Sam prefers to work with a set of defined rules and regulations.
b) Patricia is hesitant to question her manager’s decisions.
c) Cindy likes to bring innovative ideas to her work as a design engineer.
d) Syeda expects her manager to make all important decisions.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Application
61. Which of the following statements is true of a culture with low uncertainty avoidance?
a) People prefer predictable rules and regulations to ambiguity and risk.
b) Managers expect members to be relatively adaptable and willing to try new things.
c) People prefer to make only small improvements to the “tried-and-true” traditions.
d) Managers should expect members to respond well to stable and predictable structures and systems.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Knowledge
62. What is the focus of scientific management?
a) Engendering and maintaining societal well-being
b) Organizing and analyzing corporate stakeholders
c) Forming and enhancing organizational self-interest
d) Analyzing and improving work process efficiency
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behavior.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Comprehension
63. A theory of organizational behaviour that emphasizes subconscious and informal beliefs that inform organization life is known as
a) Institutionalization.
b) Societal well-being.
c) Bureaucratic organization.
d) Conventional well-being.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Reflective thinking skills
Bloom’s: Comprehension
64. In organizational behavior research, what is the relationship between a dependent and an independent variable?
a) An independent variable has minor influence on a dependent variable.
b) A dependent variable influences an independent variable.
c) An independent variable must be segregated in order to have any impact on a dependent variable.
d) A dependent variable is influenced by an independent variable.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Recognize organizational behaviour as a science.
Section Reference: 2.2 OB as a Science
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Analysis
65. While both conventional and sustainable organizational behaviour practices employ standard scientific method norms, their focus is different. What is this primary difference in focus?
a) While conventional research welcomes research that might require qualitative, unconventional methods, sustainable research focuses on data that requires objective observation.
b) While conventional research broadly defines data as empirical, sustainable research welcomes a quantifiable and prolonged approach to research methods.
c) While conventional research focuses on data that can be objectively and quantifiably observed, sustainable research welcomes research that might require qualitative, creative methods.
d) While conventional research focuses on qualitative and creative methods, sustainable research welcomes differing perspectives on how to manage complex problems.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Recognize organizational behaviour as a science.
Section Reference: 2.2 OB as a Science
AACSB: Analytic skills
Bloom’s: Analysis
66. Sustainable organizational behaviour toward stakeholders is more likely to
a) Emphasize the upcoming third-quarter profits.
b) Highlight the value of serving others.
c) Stress the importance of collective hard work.
d) Emphasize the role of corporate governance.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management's responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Analysis
67. Why have organizations become increasingly sensitive to the natural environment?
a) The natural environment provides organizational necessities such as raw materials, minerals, water, and air.
b) The natural environment allows corporations to dispose of their waste in expedient manners.
c) The natural environment provides many recreational opportunities for board members and key managers.
d) The natural environment permits organizations to write off numerous tax obligations.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management's responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Analysis
68. What are the differences between legal and market approaches toward the management of the natural environment?
a) The legal approach seeks loopholes in requirements, while the market approach is solely focused on economic priorities.
b) The legal approach only focuses on economic priorities, while the market approach seeks to respond to stakeholder concerns.
c) The legal approach only entails what the law minimally requires, whereas the market approach looks to maximize ever-changing market opportunities.
d) The legal approach looks only to meet minimal legislative requirements, whereas the market approach proactively enhances the environment.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management's responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Analysis
69. How does conventional organizational behaviour toward working with other cultures differ from that of sustainable organizational behaviour?
a) While a conventional approach might assume that your own country offers the best way to manage in a foreign nation or that the host country knows best how to manage its organization, a sustainable approach recognizes cross-cultural opportunities to learn from each other.
b) While a conventional approach recognizes cross-cultural relationships and opportunities to learn from each other, a sustainable approach believes that the foreign organization knows how to best manage its employees.
c) While a conventional approach emphasizes opportunities to learn from each other—thereby growing economically—a sustainable approach believes the host nation should learn from outside sources.
d) While a conventional approach assumes the host country knows best how to manage its organization to pursue economic success, a sustainable approach recognizes the need for outside inputs to increase multicultural diversity.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Analysis
70. What are the key characteristics of a national culture?
a) Individual choices, ideas, interests, and aptitudes
b) Unique skills, thoughts, characteristics, and inclinations
c) Common skills, aptitudes, characteristics, and personality traits
d) Shared knowledge, beliefs, values, and general patterns of behaviour
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Comprehension
71. What is the primary difference in emphasis between a culture that is highly individualistic and one that is highly collectivistic?
a) A culture that emphasizes individualism promotes individual self-interest, while a culture that stresses collectivism believes that the interests of the group are paramount.
b) A culture that highlights individualism encourages material gain, while a culture that stresses collectivism promotes cooperation and relationships.
c) A culture that stresses individualism believes the interests of all individuals are of key importance, while a culture that emphasizes collectivism promotes meaningful work.
d) A culture that emphasizes individualism encourages family unity above all, while a culture that promotes collectivism stresses workplace camaraderie.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Analysis
Fill In The Blanks
72. _____ focuses on analyzing and improving the efficiency of work processes.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Communication abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
73. _____ has occurred when organizational practices or rules are accepted and perpetuated without regard to rationality.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Communication abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
74. A(n) _____ is any group within or outside the organization that is directly affected by the organization and has an interest in its performance.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Communication abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
75. _____ is the obligation of organizations to act in ways that protect and improve the welfare of multiple stakeholders.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Communication abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
76. The _____ is composed of all living and nonliving things that have not been created by human technology or human activity.
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Communication abilities
Bloomcode: Knowledge
77. _____ is the type of development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Communication abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
78. _____ refers to the increased interdependence and integration among people and organizations around the world.
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Communication abilities
Bloomcode: Knowledge
79. A(n) _____ is often defined as an organization that receives more than 25 percent of its total sales revenue from outside its home country.
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Communication abilities
Bloomcode: Knowledge
80. _____ is an assumption that members in a host country know the best way to manage an organization in their country.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Communication abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
81. _____ includes shared values, beliefs, knowledge, and general patterns of behaviour that characterize a country’s citizens.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Communication abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
82. Max Weber described how the scientific management approach contributed to the rise of the ______________________.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Reflective thinking skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
83. Follett viewed organizations as __________________ in which managers and workers work in harmony, neither dominates the other, and each has the freedom to discuss and resolve differences and conflicts.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Reflective thinking skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
84. Conventional and sustainable OB researchers follow ___________ norms of scientific methods and rigour, but there are some different tendencies within each stream.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Recognize organizational behaviour as a science.
Section Reference: 2.2 OB as a Science
AACSB: Reflective thinking skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
85. A number of studies have investigated the relationship of pay (independent variable) with ________________ as the dependent variable. Across a range of studies, the findings indicate that these variables are only slightly related.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Recognize organizational behaviour as a science.
Section Reference: 2.2 OB as a Science
AACSB: Reflective thinking skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
86. A sustainable approach recognizes organization-specific responsibilities but does not always act to _______________ financial well-being.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Reflective thinking skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
87. _______________OB is based on the belief that with the considerable power organizations have to affect other stakeholders, there also is considerable responsibility to these stakeholders.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Reflective thinking skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
88. Sustainable OB is more likely to emphasize that _______________ provides a sense of purpose for members.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Reflective thinking skills
Bloom’s: Knowledge
89. Organizational members with a polycentric orientation believe the best way to maximize their firms’ profits is to adapt to the practices found in _________________.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Knowledge
90. Egalicentrism is more a means of developing _______________ than a process of picking and choosing the “best of” existing practices from around the world.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Knowledge
91. In countries with high levels of __________________, effective ways to increase workers’ productivity may include using piece-rate systems and basing promotions and salary on workers’ individual performance, rather than on the length of time they have worked in an organization.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Knowledge
Short Answer Questions
92. Briefly describe the contributions of Mary Parker Follet toward management.
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the history of organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.1 Brief History of OB
AACSB: Communication abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
93. Explain the basic process of organizational behaviour (OB) research.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Recognize organizational behaviour as a science.
Section Reference: 2.2 OB as a Science
AACSB: Communication abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
94. Explain the concept of the stakeholder approach.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe stakeholder relationships and management’s responsibilities to stakeholders.
Section Reference: 2.3 Stakeholder Relationships
AACSB: Ethical understanding and reasoning abilities
Bloom’s: Knowledge
95. What are the salient features of an egalicentric approach?
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Knowledge
96. Explain uncertainty avoidance.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the influence of globalization on organizational behaviour.
Section Reference: 2.4 Global Environment
AACSB: Multicultural and diversity understanding
Bloom’s: Knowledge
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Organizational Behaviour 1e Canadian Complete Test Bank
By Medcof, Neubert Dyck