Ch19 Test Questions & Answers Financial Statement Analysis - Investments 12e | Test Bank with Answer Key by Zvi Bodie by Zvi Bodie. DOCX document preview.

Ch19 Test Questions & Answers Financial Statement Analysis

Student name:__________

MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1)
A firm has a higher quick (or acid test) ratio than the industry average, which implies


A) the firm has a higher P/E ratio than other firms in the industry.
B) the firm is more likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the industry.
C) the firm may be less profitable than other firms in the industry.
D) the firm has a higher P/E ratio than other firms in the industry, and the firm is more likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the industry.
E) the firm is more likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the industry, and the firm may be less profitable than other firms in the industry.


2) A firm has a lower quick (or acid test) ratio than the industry average, which implies


A) the firm has a lower P/E ratio than other firms in the industry.
B) the firm is less likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the industry.
C) the firm may be more profitable than other firms in the industry.
D) the firm has a lower P/E ratio than other firms in the industry, and the firm is less likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the industry.
E) the firm is less likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the industry, and the firm may be more profitable than other firms in the industry.


3) An example of a liquidity ratio is


A) fixed asset turnover.
B) current ratio.
C) acid test or quick ratio.
D) fixed asset turnover and acid test or quick ratio.
E) current ratio and acid test or quick ratio.


4) __________ provides a snapshot of the financial condition of the firm at a particular time.


A) The balance sheet
B) The income statement
C) The statement of cash flows
D) All of the options are correct.
E) None of the options are correct.


5) __________ is a report of the cash flow generated by the firm's operations, investments, and financial activities.


A) The balance sheet
B) The income statement
C) The statement of cash flows
D) The auditor's statement of financial condition
E) None of the options are correct.


6) A firm has a higher asset turnover ratio than the industry average, which implies


A) the firm has a higher P/E ratio than other firms in the industry.
B) the firm is more likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the industry.
C) the firm is more profitable than other firms in the industry.
D) the firm is utilizing assets more efficiently than other firms in the industry.
E) the firm has higher spending on new fixed assets than other firms in the industry.


7) A firm has a lower asset turnover ratio than the industry average, which implies


A) the firm has a lower P/E ratio than other firms in the industry.
B) the firm is less likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the industry.
C) the firm is less profitable than other firms in the industry.
D) the firm is utilizing assets less efficiently than other firms in the industry.
E) the firm has lower spending on new fixed assets than other firms in the industry.


8) If you wish to compute economic earnings and are trying to decide how to account for inventory,


A) FIFO is better than LIFO.
B) LIFO is better than FIFO.
C) FIFO and LIFO are equally good.
D) FIFO and LIFO are equally bad.
E) None of the options are correct.


9) __________ is a summary of the profitability of the firm over a period of time, such as a year.


A) The balance sheet
B) The income statement
C) The statement of cash flows
D) The audit report
E) None of the options are correct.


10) Over a period of 30 years or so, in managing investment funds, Benjamin Graham used the approach of investing in the stocks of companies where the stocks were trading at less than their working capital value. The average return from using this strategy was approximately


A) 5%.
B) 10%.
C) 15%.
D) 20%.
E) None of the options are correct.


11) A study by Speidell and Bavishi (1992) found that when accounting statements of foreign firms were restated on a common accounting basis,


A) the original and restated P/E ratios were quite similar.
B) the original and restated P/E ratios varied considerably.
C) most variation was explained by tax differences.
D) most firms were consistent in their treatment of goodwill.


12) If the interest rate on debt is higher than ROA, a firm will __________ by increasing the use of debt in the capital structure.


A) increase the ROE
B) not change the ROE
C) decrease the ROE
D) change the ROE in an indeterminable manner


13) If the interest rate on debt is lower than ROA, then a firm will __________ by increasing the use of debt in the capital structure.


A) increase the ROE
B) not change the ROE
C) decrease the ROE
D) change the ROE in an indeterminable manner


14) A firm has a market to book value ratio that is equivalent to the industry average and an ROE that is less than the industry average, which implies


A) the firm has a higher P/E ratio than other firms in the industry.
B) the firm is more likely to avoid insolvency in the short run than other firms in the industry.
C) the firm is more profitable than other firms in the industry.
D) the firm is utilizing its assets more efficiently than other firms in the industry.


15) In periods of inflation, accounting depreciation is __________ relative to replacement cost, and real economic income is________.


A) overstated; overstated
B) overstated; understated
C) understated; overstated
D) understated; understated
E) correctly stated; correctly stated


16) If a firm has a positive tax rate, a positive ROA, and the interest rate on debt is the same as ROA, then ROA will be


A) greater than the ROE.
B) equal to the ROE.
C) less than the ROE.
D) greater than zero, but it is impossible to determine how ROA will compare to ROE.
E) negative in all cases.


17) A firm has a P/E ratio of 12, an ROE of 13%, and a market-to-book value of


A) 0.64.
B) 0.92.
C) 1.08.
D) 1.56.


18) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below.

Black Barn Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

8,000,000

Cost of goods sold

5,260,000

Gross profit

2,740,000

Selling & administrative expenses

1,500,000

Operating profit

1,240,000

Interest expense

140,000

Income before tax

1,100,000

Tax expense

440,000

Net income

$

660,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

200,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

1,200,000

950,000

Inventory

1,840,000

1,500,000

Total current assets

$

3,240,000

$

2,500,000

Fixed assets

3,200,000

3,000,000

Total assets

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000

Accounts Payable

$

800,000

$

720,000

Bank loan

600,000

100,000

Total current liabilities

$

1,400,000

$

820,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

2,300,000

$

1,820,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

300,000

$

300,000

Retained earnings

3,840,000

3,380,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's current ratio for 2009 is


A) 2.31.
B) 1.87.
C) 2.22.
D) 2.46.


19) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below.

Black Barn Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

8,000,000

Cost of goods sold

5,260,000

Gross profit

2,740,000

Selling & administrative expenses

1,500,000

Operating profit

1,240,000

Interest expense

140,000

Income before tax

1,100,000

Tax expense

440,000

Net income

$

660,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

200,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

1,200,000

950,000

Inventory

1,840,000

1,500,000

Total current assets

$

3,240,000

$

2,500,000

Fixed assets

3,200,000

3,000,000

Total assets

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000

Accounts Payable

$

800,000

$

720,000

Bank loan

600,000

100,000

Total current liabilities

$

1,400,000

$

820,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

2,300,000

$

1,820,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

300,000

$

300,000

Retained earnings

3,840,000

3,380,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's quick ratio for 2009 is


A) 1.69.
B) 1.52.
C) 1.23.
D) 1.07.
E) 1.00.


20) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below.

Black Barn Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

8,000,000

Cost of goods sold

5,260,000

Gross profit

2,740,000

Selling & administrative expenses

1,500,000

Operating profit

1,240,000

Interest expense

140,000

Income before tax

1,100,000

Tax expense

440,000

Net income

$

660,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

200,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

1,200,000

950,000

Inventory

1,840,000

1,500,000

Total current assets

$

3,240,000

$

2,500,000

Fixed assets

3,200,000

3,000,000

Total assets

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000

Accounts Payable

$

800,000

$

720,000

Bank loan

600,000

100,000

Total current liabilities

$

1,400,000

$

820,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

2,300,000

$

1,820,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

300,000

$

300,000

Retained earnings

3,840,000

3,380,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's leverage ratio for 2009 is


A) 1.65.
B) 1.89.
C) 2.64.
D) 1.31.
E) 1.56.


21) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below.

Black Barn Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

8,000,000

Cost of goods sold

5,260,000

Gross profit

2,740,000

Selling & administrative expenses

1,500,000

Operating profit

1,240,000

Interest expense

140,000

Income before tax

1,100,000

Tax expense

440,000

Net income

$

660,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

200,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

1,200,000

950,000

Inventory

1,840,000

1,500,000

Total current assets

$

3,240,000

$

2,500,000

Fixed assets

3,200,000

3,000,000

Total assets

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000

Accounts Payable

$

800,000

$

720,000

Bank loan

600,000

100,000

Total current liabilities

$

1,400,000

$

820,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

2,300,000

$

1,820,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

300,000

$

300,000

Retained earnings

3,840,000

3,380,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's times interest earned ratio for 2009 is


A) 8.86.
B) 7.17.
C) 9.66.
D) 6.86.
E) None of the options are correct.


22) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below.

Black Barn Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

8,000,000

Cost of goods sold

5,260,000

Gross profit

2,740,000

Selling & administrative expenses

1,500,000

Operating profit

1,240,000

Interest expense

140,000

Income before tax

1,100,000

Tax expense

440,000

Net income

$

660,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

200,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

1,200,000

950,000

Inventory

1,840,000

1,500,000

Total current assets

$

3,240,000

$

2,500,000

Fixed assets

3,200,000

3,000,000

Total assets

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000

Accounts Payable

$

800,000

$

720,000

Bank loan

600,000

100,000

Total current liabilities

$

1,400,000

$

820,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

2,300,000

$

1,820,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

300,000

$

300,000

Retained earnings

3,840,000

3,380,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's average collection period for 2009 is


A) 59.31.
B) 55.05.
C) 61.31.
D) 49.05.
E) None of the options are correct.


23) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below.

Black Barn Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

8,000,000

Cost of goods sold

5,260,000

Gross profit

2,740,000

Selling & administrative expenses

1,500,000

Operating profit

1,240,000

Interest expense

140,000

Income before tax

1,100,000

Tax expense

440,000

Net income

$

660,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

200,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

1,200,000

950,000

Inventory

1,840,000

1,500,000

Total current assets

$

3,240,000

$

2,500,000

Fixed assets

3,200,000

3,000,000

Total assets

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000

Accounts Payable

$

800,000

$

720,000

Bank loan

600,000

100,000

Total current liabilities

$

1,400,000

$

820,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

2,300,000

$

1,820,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

300,000

$

300,000

Retained earnings

3,840,000

3,380,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's inventory turnover ratio for 2009 is


A) 3.15.
B) 3.63.
C) 3.69.
D) 2.58.
E) 4.20.


24) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below.

Black Barn Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

8,000,000

Cost of goods sold

5,260,000

Gross profit

2,740,000

Selling & administrative expenses

1,500,000

Operating profit

1,240,000

Interest expense

140,000

Income before tax

1,100,000

Tax expense

440,000

Net income

$

660,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

200,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

1,200,000

950,000

Inventory

1,840,000

1,500,000

Total current assets

$

3,240,000

$

2,500,000

Fixed assets

3,200,000

3,000,000

Total assets

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000

Accounts Payable

$

800,000

$

720,000

Bank loan

600,000

100,000

Total current liabilities

$

1,400,000

$

820,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

2,300,000

$

1,820,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

300,000

$

300,000

Retained earnings

3,840,000

3,380,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's fixed asset turnover ratio for 2009 is


A) 2.04.
B) 2.58.
C) 2.97.
D) 1.58.
E) None of the options are correct.


25) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below.

Black Barn Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

8,000,000

Cost of goods sold

5,260,000

Gross profit

2,740,000

Selling & administrative expenses

1,500,000

Operating profit

1,240,000

Interest expense

140,000

Income before tax

1,100,000

Tax expense

440,000

Net income

$

660,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

200,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

1,200,000

950,000

Inventory

1,840,000

1,500,000

Total current assets

$

3,240,000

$

2,500,000

Fixed assets

3,200,000

3,000,000

Total assets

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000

Accounts Payable

$

800,000

$

720,000

Bank loan

600,000

100,000

Total current liabilities

$

1,400,000

$

820,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

2,300,000

$

1,820,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

300,000

$

300,000

Retained earnings

3,840,000

3,380,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's asset turnover ratio for 2009 is


A) 1.79.
B) 1.63.
C) 1.34.
D) 2.58.
E) None of the options are correct.


26) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below.

Black Barn Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

8,000,000

Cost of goods sold

5,260,000

Gross profit

2,740,000

Selling & administrative expenses

1,500,000

Operating profit

1,240,000

Interest expense

140,000

Income before tax

1,100,000

Tax expense

440,000

Net income

$

660,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

200,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

1,200,000

950,000

Inventory

1,840,000

1,500,000

Total current assets

$

3,240,000

$

2,500,000

Fixed assets

3,200,000

3,000,000

Total assets

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000

Accounts Payable

$

800,000

$

720,000

Bank loan

600,000

100,000

Total current liabilities

$

1,400,000

$

820,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

2,300,000

$

1,820,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

300,000

$

300,000

Retained earnings

3,840,000

3,380,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's return on sales ratio for 2009 is


A) 15.5%.
B) 14.6%.
C) 14.0%.
D) 15.0%.
E) 16.5%.


27) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below.

Black Barn Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

8,000,000

Cost of goods sold

5,260,000

Gross profit

2,740,000

Selling & administrative expenses

1,500,000

Operating profit

1,240,000

Interest expense

140,000

Income before tax

1,100,000

Tax expense

440,000

Net income

$

660,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

200,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

1,200,000

950,000

Inventory

1,840,000

1,500,000

Total current assets

$

3,240,000

$

2,500,000

Fixed assets

3,200,000

3,000,000

Total assets

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000

Accounts Payable

$

800,000

$

720,000

Bank loan

600,000

100,000

Total current liabilities

$

1,400,000

$

820,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

2,300,000

$

1,820,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

300,000

$

300,000

Retained earnings

3,840,000

3,380,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's return on equity ratio for 2009 is


A) 16.88%.
B) 15.63%.
C) 14.00%.
D) 15.00%.
E) 16.24%.


28) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below.

Black Barn Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

8,000,000

Cost of goods sold

5,260,000

Gross profit

2,740,000

Selling & administrative expenses

1,500,000

Operating profit

1,240,000

Interest expense

140,000

Income before tax

1,100,000

Tax expense

440,000

Net income

$

660,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

200,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

1,200,000

950,000

Inventory

1,840,000

1,500,000

Total current assets

$

3,240,000

$

2,500,000

Fixed assets

3,200,000

3,000,000

Total assets

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000

Accounts Payable

$

800,000

$

720,000

Bank loan

600,000

100,000

Total current liabilities

$

1,400,000

$

820,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

2,300,000

$

1,820,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

300,000

$

300,000

Retained earnings

3,840,000

3,380,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's P/E ratio for 2009 is


A) 8.88.
B) 7.63.
C) 7.88.
D) 7.32.


29) The financial statements of Black Barn Company are given below.

Black Barn Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

8,000,000

Cost of goods sold

5,260,000

Gross profit

2,740,000

Selling & administrative expenses

1,500,000

Operating profit

1,240,000

Interest expense

140,000

Income before tax

1,100,000

Tax expense

440,000

Net income

$

660,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

200,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

1,200,000

950,000

Inventory

1,840,000

1,500,000

Total current assets

$

3,240,000

$

2,500,000

Fixed assets

3,200,000

3,000,000

Total assets

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000

Accounts Payable

$

800,000

$

720,000

Bank loan

600,000

100,000

Total current liabilities

$

1,400,000

$

820,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

2,300,000

$

1,820,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

300,000

$

300,000

Retained earnings

3,840,000

3,380,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

6,440,000

$

5,500,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $40 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Black Barn Company. The firm's market-to-book value for 2009 is


A) 1.13.
B) 1.62.
C) 1.00.
D) 1.26.


30) A firm has a net profit/pretax profit ratio of 0.625, a leverage ratio of 1.2, a pretax profit/EBIT of 0.9, an ROE of 17.82%, a current ratio of 8, and a return on sales ratio of 8%. The firm's asset turnover is


A) 0.3.
B) 1.3.
C) 2.3.
D) 3.3.


31) A firm has an ROA of 14%, a debt/equity ratio of 0.8, a tax rate of 35%, and the interest rate on the debt is 10%. The firm's ROE is


A) 11.18%.
B) 8.97%.
C) 11.54%.
D) 12.62%.


32) A firm has an ROE of −2%, a debt/equity ratio of 1.0, a tax rate of 0%, and an interest rate on debt of 10%. The firm's ROA is


A) 2%.
B) 4%.
C) 6%.
D) 8%.
E) None of the options are correct.


33) A firm has a (net profit/pretax profit) ratio of 0.6, a leverage ratio of 2, a (pretax profit/EBIT) of 0.6, an asset turnover ratio of 2.5, a current ratio of 1.5, and a return on sales ratio of 4%. The firm's ROE is


A) 4.2%.
B) 5.2%.
C) 6.2%.
D) 7.2%.
E) None of the options are correct.


34) A measure of asset utilization is


A) sales divided by working capital.
B) return on total assets.
C) return on equity capital.
D) operating profit divided by sales.
E) None of the options are correct.


35) During periods of inflation, the use of FIFO (rather than LIFO) as the method of accounting for inventories causes


A) higher reported sales.
B) higher incomes taxes.
C) lower ending inventory.
D) higher incomes taxes and lower ending inventory.
E) None of the options are correct.


36) Return on total assets is the product of


A) interest rates and pre-tax profits.
B) the debt-equity ratio and P/E ratio.
C) the after-tax profit margin and the asset turnover ratio.
D) sales and fixed assets.
E) None of the options are correct.


37) FOX Company has a ratio of (total debt/total assets) that is above the industry average, and a ratio of (long term debt/equity) that is below the industry average. These ratios suggest that the firm


A) utilizes assets effectively.
B) has too much equity in the capital structure.
C) has relatively high current liabilities.
D) has a relatively low dividend-payout ratio.
E) None of the options are correct.


38) A firm's current ratio is above the industry average. However, the firm's quick ratio is below the industry average. These ratios suggest that the firm


A) has relatively more total current assets and even more inventory than other firms in the industry.
B) is very efficient at managing inventories.
C) has liquidity that is superior to the average firm in the industry.
D) is near technical insolvency.


39) Which of the following ratios gives information on the amount of profits reinvested in the firm over the years?


A) Sales/total assets
B) Debt/total assets
C) Debt/equity
D) Retained earnings/total assets


40) Ferris Corp. wants to increase its current ratio from the present level of 1.5 when it closes the books next week. The action of __________ will have the desired effect.


A) payment of current payables from cash
B) sales of current marketable securities for cash
C) write-down of impaired assets
D) delay of next payroll
E) None of the options are correct.


41) Assuming continued inflation, a firm that uses LIFO will tend to have a(n) ________current ratio than a firm using FIFO, and the difference will tend to __________ as time passes.


A) higher; increase
B) higher; decrease
C) lower; decrease
D) lower; increase
E) identical; remain the same


42) Fundamental analysis uses


A) earnings and dividends prospects.
B) relative strength.
C) price momentum.
D) earnings, dividend prospects, and relative strength.
E) earnings, dividend prospects, and price momentum.


43) __________ is a true statement.


A) During periods of inflation, LIFO makes the balance sheet less representative of the actual inventory values than if FIFO were used
B) During periods of inflation, FIFO makes the balance sheet less representative of actual inventory values than if LIFO were used
C) After inflation ends, distortion due to LIFO will disappear as inventory is sold
D) During periods of inflation, LIFO overstates earnings relative to FIFO


44) __________ is a false statement.


A) During periods of inflation, LIFO makes the balance sheet less representative of the actual inventory values than if FIFO were used
B) During periods of inflation, FIFO makes the balance sheet less representative of actual inventory values than if LIFO were used
C) During periods of inflation, LIFO overstates earnings relative to FIFO
D) During periods of inflation, FIFO makes the balance sheet less representative of actual inventory values than if LIFO were used, and LIFO overstates earnings relative to FIFO
E) None of the options are correct.


45) The level of real income of a firm can be distorted by the reporting of depreciation and interest expense. During periods of high inflation, the level of reported depreciation tends to __________ income, and the level of interest expense reported tends to __________ income.


A) understate; overstate
B) understate; understate
C) overstate; understate
D) overstate; overstate
E) There is no discernible pattern.


46) Which of the following would best explain a situation where the ratio of net income/total equity of a firm is higher than the industry average, while the ratio of net income/total assets is lower than the industry average?


A) The firm's net profit margin is higher than the industry average.
B) The firm's asset turnover is higher than the industry average.
C) The firm's equity multiplier must be lower than the industry average.
D) The firm's debt ratio is higher than the industry average.
E) None of the options are correct.


47) What best explains why a firm's ratio of long-term debt/total capital is lower than the industry average, while the ratio of income before interest and taxes/debt interest charges is higher than the industry average?


A) The firm pays lower interest on long-term debt than the average firm.
B) The firm has more short-term debt than average.
C) The firm has a high ratio of current assets/current liabilities.
D) The firm has a high ratio of total cash flow/long term debt.
E) None of the options are correct.


48) __________ best explains a ratio of sales/average net fixed assets that exceeds the industry average.


A) The firm expanded plant and equipment in the past few years
B) The firm makes less efficient use of assets than competing firms
C) The firm has a substantial amount of old plant and equipment
D) The firm uses straight-line depreciation


49) Comparability problems arise because


A) firms may use different generally accepted accounting principles.
B) inflation may affect firms differently due to accounting conventions used.
C) financial analysts do not know how to compare financial statements.
D) firms may use different generally accepted accounting principles, and inflation may affect firms differently due to accounting conventions used.
E) firms may use different generally accepted accounting principles, and financial analysts do not know how to compare financial statements.


50) One problem with comparing financial ratios prepared by different reporting agencies is


A) some agencies receive financial information later than others.
B) agencies vary in their policies as to what is included in specific calculations.
C) some agencies are careless in their reporting.
D) some firms are more conservative in their accounting practices.
E) None of the options are correct.


51) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below.

Midwest Tours
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

2,500,000

Cost of goods sold

1,260,000

Gross profit

1,240,000

Selling & administrative expenses

700,000

Operating profit

540,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

380,000

Tax expense

152,000

Net income

$

228,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

500,000

450,000

Inventory

300,000

270,000

Total current assets

$

860,000

$

770,000

Fixed assets

2,180,000

2,000,000

Total assets

$

3,040,000

$

2,770,000

Accounts Payable

$

200,000

$

170,000

Bank loan

460,000

440,000

Total current liabilities

$

660,000

$

610,000

Bond payable

860,000

860,000

Total liabilities

$

1,520,000

$

1,470,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

120,000

$

120,000

Retained earnings

1,400,000

1,300,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

3,040,000

$

2,890,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's current ratio for 2009 is


A) 1.82.
B) 1.03.
C) 1.30.
D) 1.65.
E) None of the options are correct.


52) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below.

Midwest Tours
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

2,500,000

Cost of goods sold

1,260,000

Gross profit

1,240,000

Selling & administrative expenses

700,000

Operating profit

540,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

380,000

Tax expense

152,000

Net income

$

228,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

500,000

450,000

Inventory

300,000

270,000

Total current assets

$

860,000

$

770,000

Fixed assets

2,180,000

2,000,000

Total assets

$

3,040,000

$

2,770,000

Accounts Payable

$

200,000

$

170,000

Bank loan

460,000

440,000

Total current liabilities

$

660,000

$

610,000

Bond payable

860,000

860,000

Total liabilities

$

1,520,000

$

1,470,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

120,000

$

120,000

Retained earnings

1,400,000

1,300,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

3,040,000

$

2,890,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's quick ratio for 2009 is


A) 1.71.
B) 0.78.
C) 0.85.
D) 1.56.


53) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below.

Midwest Tours
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

2,500,000

Cost of goods sold

1,260,000

Gross profit

1,240,000

Selling & administrative expenses

700,000

Operating profit

540,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

380,000

Tax expense

152,000

Net income

$

228,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

500,000

450,000

Inventory

300,000

270,000

Total current assets

$

860,000

$

770,000

Fixed assets

2,180,000

2,000,000

Total assets

$

3,040,000

$

2,770,000

Accounts Payable

$

200,000

$

170,000

Bank loan

460,000

440,000

Total current liabilities

$

660,000

$

610,000

Bond payable

860,000

860,000

Total liabilities

$

1,520,000

$

1,470,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

120,000

$

120,000

Retained earnings

1,400,000

1,300,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

3,040,000

$

2,890,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's leverage ratio for 2009 is


A) 1.62.
B) 1.56.
C) 2.00.
D) 2.42.
E) 2.17.


54) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below.|

Midwest Tours
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

2,500,000

Cost of goods sold

1,260,000

Gross profit

1,240,000

Selling & administrative expenses

700,000

Operating profit

540,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

380,000

Tax expense

152,000

Net income

$

228,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

500,000

450,000

Inventory

300,000

270,000

Total current assets

$

860,000

$

770,000

Fixed assets

2,180,000

2,000,000

Total assets

$

3,040,000

$

2,770,000

Accounts Payable

$

200,000

$

170,000

Bank loan

460,000

440,000

Total current liabilities

$

660,000

$

610,000

Bond payable

860,000

860,000

Total liabilities

$

1,520,000

$

1,470,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

120,000

$

120,000

Retained earnings

1,400,000

1,300,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

3,040,000

$

2,890,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's times interest earned ratio for 2009 is


A) 2.897.
B) 2.719.
C) 3.375.
D) 3.462.


55) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below.

Midwest Tours
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

2,500,000

Cost of goods sold

1,260,000

Gross profit

1,240,000

Selling & administrative expenses

700,000

Operating profit

540,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

380,000

Tax expense

152,000

Net income

$

228,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

500,000

450,000

Inventory

300,000

270,000

Total current assets

$

860,000

$

770,000

Fixed assets

2,180,000

2,000,000

Total assets

$

3,040,000

$

2,770,000

Accounts Payable

$

200,000

$

170,000

Bank loan

460,000

440,000

Total current liabilities

$

660,000

$

610,000

Bond payable

860,000

860,000

Total liabilities

$

1,520,000

$

1,470,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

120,000

$

120,000

Retained earnings

1,400,000

1,300,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

3,040,000

$

2,890,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's average collection period for 2009 is


A) 69.35.
B) 69.73.
C) 68.53.
D) 67.77.
E) 68.52.


56) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below.

Midwest Tours
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

2,500,000

Cost of goods sold

1,260,000

Gross profit

1,240,000

Selling & administrative expenses

700,000

Operating profit

540,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

380,000

Tax expense

152,000

Net income

$

228,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

500,000

450,000

Inventory

300,000

270,000

Total current assets

$

860,000

$

770,000

Fixed assets

2,180,000

2,000,000

Total assets

$

3,040,000

$

2,770,000

Accounts Payable

$

200,000

$

170,000

Bank loan

460,000

440,000

Total current liabilities

$

660,000

$

610,000

Bond payable

860,000

860,000

Total liabilities

$

1,520,000

$

1,470,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

120,000

$

120,000

Retained earnings

1,400,000

1,300,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

3,040,000

$

2,890,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's inventory turnover ratio for 2009 is


A) 2.86.
B) 1.23.
C) 5.96.
D) 4.42.
E) 4.86.


57) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below.

Midwest Tours
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

2,500,000

Cost of goods sold

1,260,000

Gross profit

1,240,000

Selling & administrative expenses

700,000

Operating profit

540,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

380,000

Tax expense

152,000

Net income

$

228,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

500,000

450,000

Inventory

300,000

270,000

Total current assets

$

860,000

$

770,000

Fixed assets

2,180,000

2,000,000

Total assets

$

3,040,000

$

2,770,000

Accounts Payable

$

200,000

$

170,000

Bank loan

460,000

440,000

Total current liabilities

$

660,000

$

610,000

Bond payable

860,000

860,000

Total liabilities

$

1,520,000

$

1,470,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

120,000

$

120,000

Retained earnings

1,400,000

1,300,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

3,040,000

$

2,890,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's fixed asset turnover ratio for 2009 is


A) 1.45.
B) 1.63.
C) 1.20.
D) 1.58.


58) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below.

Midwest Tours
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

2,500,000

Cost of goods sold

1,260,000

Gross profit

1,240,000

Selling & administrative expenses

700,000

Operating profit

540,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

380,000

Tax expense

152,000

Net income

$

228,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

55,000

Accounts receivable

500,000

495,000

Inventory

300,000

295,000

Total current assets

$

860,000

$

845,000

Fixed assets

2,180,000

2,175,000

Total assets

$

3,040,000

$

3,020,000

Accounts Payable

$

200,000

$

195,000

Bank loan

460,000

455,000

Total current liabilities

$

660,000

$

650,000

Bond payable

860,000

860,000

Total liabilities

$

1,520,000

$

1,510,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

120,000

$

115,000

Retained earnings

1,400,000

1,395,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

3,040,000

$

3,020,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's asset turnover ratio for 2009 is


A) 1.86.
B) 0.63.
C) 0.83.
D) 1.63.


59) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below.

Midwest Tours
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

2,500,000

Cost of goods sold

1,260,000

Gross profit

1,240,000

Selling & administrative expenses

700,000

Operating profit

540,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

380,000

Tax expense

152,000

Net income

$

228,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

500,000

450,000

Inventory

300,000

270,000

Total current assets

$

860,000

$

770,000

Fixed assets

2,180,000

2,000,000

Total assets

$

3,040,000

$

2,770,000

Accounts Payable

$

200,000

$

170,000

Bank loan

460,000

440,000

Total current liabilities

$

660,000

$

610,000

Bond payable

860,000

860,000

Total liabilities

$

1,520,000

$

1,470,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

120,000

$

120,000

Retained earnings

1,400,000

1,300,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

3,040,000

$

2,890,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's return on sales ratio for 2009 is


A) 20.2%.
B) 21.6%.
C) 22.4%.
D) 18.0%.


60) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below

Midwest Tours
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

2,500,000

Cost of goods sold

1,260,000

Gross profit

1,240,000

Selling & administrative expenses

700,000

Operating profit

540,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

380,000

Tax expense

152,000

Net income

$

228,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

500,000

450,000

Inventory

300,000

270,000

Total current assets

$

860,000

$

770,000

Fixed assets

2,180,000

2,000,000

Total assets

$

3,040,000

$

2,770,000

Accounts Payable

$

200,000

$

170,000

Bank loan

460,000

440,000

Total current liabilities

$

660,000

$

610,000

Bond payable

860,000

860,000

Total liabilities

$

1,520,000

$

1,470,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

120,000

$

120,000

Retained earnings

1,400,000

1,300,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

3,040,000

$

2,890,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's return on equity ratio for 2009 is


A) 12.24%.
B) 14.63%.
C) 15.50%.
D) 14.50%.
E) 16.9%.


61) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below.

Midwest Tours
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

2,500,000

Cost of goods sold

1,260,000

Gross profit

1,240,000

Selling & administrative expenses

700,000

Operating profit

540,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

380,000

Tax expense

152,000

Net income

$

228,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

500,000

450,000

Inventory

300,000

270,000

Total current assets

$

860,000

$

770,000

Fixed assets

2,180,000

2,000,000

Total assets

$

3,040,000

$

2,770,000

Accounts Payable

$

200,000

$

170,000

Bank loan

460,000

440,000

Total current liabilities

$

660,000

$

610,000

Bond payable

860,000

860,000

Total liabilities

$

1,520,000

$

1,470,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

120,000

$

120,000

Retained earnings

1,400,000

1,300,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

3,040,000

$

2,890,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's P/E ratio for 2009 is


A) 20.53.
B) 6.63.
C) 5.21.
D) 5.00.


62) The financial statements of Midwest Tours are given below.

Midwest Tours
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

2,500,000

Cost of goods sold

1,260,000

Gross profit

1,240,000

Selling & administrative expenses

700,000

Operating profit

540,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

380,000

Tax expense

152,000

Net income

$

228,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

500,000

450,000

Inventory

300,000

270,000

Total current assets

$

860,000

$

770,000

Fixed assets

2,180,000

2,000,000

Total assets

$

3,040,000

$

2,770,000

Accounts Payable

$

200,000

$

170,000

Bank loan

460,000

440,000

Total current liabilities

$

660,000

$

610,000

Bond payable

860,000

860,000

Total liabilities

$

1,520,000

$

1,470,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

120,000

$

120,000

Retained earnings

1,400,000

1,300,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

3,040,000

$

2,890,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $36 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Midwest Tours. The firm's market-to-book value for 2009 is


A) 0.24.
B) 0.95.
C) 0.71.
D) 1.12.


63) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below.

Snapit Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

4,000,000

Cost of goods sold

3,040,000

Gross profit

960,000

Selling & administrative expenses

430,000

Operating profit

530,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

370,000

Tax expense

148,000

Net income

$

222,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

550,000

500,000

Inventory

690,000

620,000

Total current assets

$

1,300,000

$

1,170,000

Fixed assets

1,300,000

1,230,000

Total assets

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000

Accounts Payable

$

270,000

$

250,000

Bank loan

580,000

500,000

Total current liabilities

$

850,000

$

750,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

1,750,000

$

1,750,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

250,000

$

250,000

Retained earnings

600,000

400,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each.

Refer to the financial statements for Snapit Company. The firm's current ratio for 2009 is


A) 1.98.
B) 2.47.
C) 0.65.
D) 1.53.
E) None of the options are correct.


64) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below.

Snapit Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

4,000,000

Cost of goods sold

3,040,000

Gross profit

960,000

Selling & administrative expenses

430,000

Operating profit

530,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

370,000

Tax expense

148,000

Net income

$

222,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

550,000

500,000

Inventory

690,000

620,000

Total current assets

$

1,300,000

$

1,170,000

Fixed assets

1,300,000

1,230,000

Total assets

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000

Accounts Payable

$

270,000

$

250,000

Bank loan

580,000

500,000

Total current liabilities

$

850,000

$

750,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

1,750,000

$

1,750,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

250,000

$

250,000

Retained earnings

600,000

400,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's quick ratio for 2009 is


A) 1.68.
B) 1.12.
C) 0.72.
D) 1.92.
E) None of the options are correct.


65) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below.

Snapit Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

4,000,000

Cost of goods sold

3,040,000

Gross profit

960,000

Selling & administrative expenses

430,000

Operating profit

530,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

370,000

Tax expense

148,000

Net income

$

222,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

550,000

500,000

Inventory

690,000

620,000

Total current assets

$

1,300,000

$

1,170,000

Fixed assets

1,300,000

1,230,000

Total assets

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000

Accounts Payable

$

270,000

$

250,000

Bank loan

580,000

500,000

Total current liabilities

$

850,000

$

750,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

1,750,000

$

1,750,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

250,000

$

250,000

Retained earnings

600,000

400,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's leverage ratio for 2009 is


A) 2.25.
B) 3.53.
C) 2.61.
D) 3.06.
E) None of the options are correct.


66) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below.

Snapit Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

4,000,000

Cost of goods sold

3,040,000

Gross profit

960,000

Selling & administrative expenses

430,000

Operating profit

530,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

370,000

Tax expense

148,000

Net income

$

222,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

550,000

500,000

Inventory

690,000

620,000

Total current assets

$

1,300,000

$

1,170,000

Fixed assets

1,300,000

1,230,000

Total assets

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000

Accounts Payable

$

270,000

$

250,000

Bank loan

580,000

500,000

Total current liabilities

$

850,000

$

750,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

1,750,000

$

1,750,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

250,000

$

250,000

Retained earnings

600,000

400,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's times interest earned ratio for 2009 is


A) 2.26.
B) 3.16.
C) 3.84.
D) 3.31.
E) None of the options are correct.


67) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below.

Snapit Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

4,000,000

Cost of goods sold

3,040,000

Gross profit

960,000

Selling & administrative expenses

430,000

Operating profit

530,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

370,000

Tax expense

148,000

Net income

$

222,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

550,000

500,000

Inventory

690,000

620,000

Total current assets

$

1,300,000

$

1,170,000

Fixed assets

1,300,000

1,230,000

Total assets

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000

Accounts Payable

$

270,000

$

250,000

Bank loan

580,000

500,000

Total current liabilities

$

850,000

$

750,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

1,750,000

$

1,750,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

250,000

$

250,000

Retained earnings

600,000

400,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's average collection period for 2009 is _______ days.


A) 47.91
B) 48.53
C) 46.06
D) 47.65
E) None of the options are correct.


68) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below.

Snapit Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

4,000,000

Cost of goods sold

3,040,000

Gross profit

960,000

Selling & administrative expenses

430,000

Operating profit

530,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

370,000

Tax expense

148,000

Net income

$

222,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

550,000

500,000

Inventory

690,000

620,000

Total current assets

$

1,300,000

$

1,170,000

Fixed assets

1,300,000

1,230,000

Total assets

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000

Accounts Payable

$

270,000

$

250,000

Bank loan

580,000

500,000

Total current liabilities

$

850,000

$

750,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

1,750,000

$

1,750,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

250,000

$

250,000

Retained earnings

600,000

400,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's inventory turnover ratio for 2009 is


A) 4.64.
B) 4.16.
C) 4.41.
D) 4.87.
E) None of the options are correct.


69) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below.

Snapit Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

4,000,000

Cost of goods sold

3,040,000

Gross profit

960,000

Selling & administrative expenses

430,000

Operating profit

530,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

370,000

Tax expense

148,000

Net income

$

222,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

550,000

500,000

Inventory

690,000

620,000

Total current assets

$

1,300,000

$

1,170,000

Fixed assets

1,300,000

1,230,000

Total assets

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000

Accounts Payable

$

270,000

$

250,000

Bank loan

580,000

500,000

Total current liabilities

$

850,000

$

750,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

1,750,000

$

1,750,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

250,000

$

250,000

Retained earnings

600,000

400,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's fixed asset turnover ratio for 2009 is


A) 4.60.
B) 3.61.
C) 3.16.
D) 5.46.


70) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below.

Snapit Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

4,000,000

Cost of goods sold

3,040,000

Gross profit

960,000

Selling & administrative expenses

430,000

Operating profit

530,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

370,000

Tax expense

148,000

Net income

$

222,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

550,000

500,000

Inventory

690,000

620,000

Total current assets

$

1,300,000

$

1,170,000

Fixed assets

1,300,000

1,230,000

Total assets

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000

Accounts Payable

$

270,000

$

250,000

Bank loan

580,000

500,000

Total current liabilities

$

850,000

$

750,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

1,750,000

$

1,750,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

250,000

$

250,000

Retained earnings

600,000

400,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's asset turnover ratio for 2009 is


A) 1.60.
B) 3.16.
C) 3.31.
D) 4.64.


71) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below.

Snapit Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

4,000,000

Cost of goods sold

3,040,000

Gross profit

960,000

Selling & administrative expenses

430,000

Operating profit

530,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

370,000

Tax expense

148,000

Net income

$

222,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

550,000

500,000

Inventory

690,000

620,000

Total current assets

$

1,300,000

$

1,170,000

Fixed assets

1,300,000

1,230,000

Total assets

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000

Accounts Payable

$

270,000

$

250,000

Bank loan

580,000

500,000

Total current liabilities

$

850,000

$

750,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

1,750,000

$

1,750,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

250,000

$

250,000

Retained earnings

600,000

400,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's return on sales ratio for 2009 is


A) 0.0133.
B) 0.1325.
C) 1.325.
D) 1.260.


72) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below.

Snapit Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

4,000,000

Cost of goods sold

3,040,000

Gross profit

960,000

Selling & administrative expenses

430,000

Operating profit

530,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

370,000

Tax expense

148,000

Net income

$

222,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

550,000

500,000

Inventory

690,000

620,000

Total current assets

$

1,300,000

$

1,170,000

Fixed assets

1,300,000

1,230,000

Total assets

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000

Accounts Payable

$

270,000

$

250,000

Bank loan

580,000

500,000

Total current liabilities

$

850,000

$

750,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

1,750,000

$

1,750,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

250,000

$

250,000

Retained earnings

600,000

400,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's return on equity ratio for 2009 is


A) 0.1235.
B) 0.0296.
C) 0.2960.
D) 2.2960.


73) The financial statements of Snapit Company are given below.

Snapit Company
Income Statement (2009)

Sales

$

4,000,000

Cost of goods sold

3,040,000

Gross profit

960,000

Selling & administrative expenses

430,000

Operating profit

530,000

Interest expense

160,000

Income before tax

370,000

Tax expense

148,000

Net income

$

222,000

Balance Sheet

2009

2008

Cash

$

60,000

$

50,000

Accounts receivable

550,000

500,000

Inventory

690,000

620,000

Total current assets

$

1,300,000

$

1,170,000

Fixed assets

1,300,000

1,230,000

Total assets

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000

Accounts Payable

$

270,000

$

250,000

Bank loan

580,000

500,000

Total current liabilities

$

850,000

$

750,000

Bond payable

900,000

1,000,000

Total liabilities

$

1,750,000

$

1,750,000

Common stock (130,000 shares)

$

250,000

$

250,000

Retained earnings

600,000

400,000

Total liabilities & equity

$

2,600,000

$

2,400,000


Note: The common shares are trading in the stock market for $100 each.

Refer to the financial statements of Snapit Company. The firm's market-to-book value for 2009 is


A) 0.7256.
B) 1.5294.
C) 2.9412.
D) 3.6142.


74) ______ is a measure of what the firm would have earned if it didn't have any obligations to creditors or tax authorities.


A) Net Sales
B) Operating Income
C) Net Income
D) Non-operating Income
E) Earnings before interest and taxes


75) Proceeds from a company's sale of stock to the public are included in


A) par value.
B) additional paid-in capital.
C) retained earnings.
D) par value and additional paid-in capital.
E) All of the options are correct.


76) Which of the financial statements recognizes only transactions in which cash changes hands?


A) Balance sheet
B) Income statement
C) Statement of cash flows
D) Balance sheet and income statement
E) All of the options are correct.


77) Suppose that Chicken Express, Inc. has an ROA of 7% and pays a 6% coupon on its debt. Chicken Express has a capital structure that is 70% equity and 30% debt. Relative to a firm that is 100% equity-financed, Chicken Express's net profit will be ________, and its ROE will be ________.


A) lower; lower
B) higher; higher
C) higher; lower
D) lower; higher
E) It is impossible to predict.


78) The P/E ratio that is based on a firm's financial statements and reported in the newspaper stock listings is different from the P/E ratio derived from the dividend discount model (DDM) because


A) the DDM uses a different price in the numerator.
B) the DDM uses different earnings measures in the denominator.
C) the prices reported are not accurate.
D) the people who construct the ratio from financial statements have inside information.
E) They are not different—this is a "trick" question.


79) The dollar value of a firm's return in excess of its opportunity costs is called its


A) profitability measure.
B) excess return.
C) economic value added.
D) prospective capacity.
E) return margin.


80) Economic value added (EVA) is also known as


A) excess capacity.
B) excess income.
C) value of assets.
D) accounting value added.
E) residual income.


81) Which of the following are issues when dealing with the financial statements of international firms?I) Many countries allow firms to set aside larger contingency reserves than the amounts allowed for U.S. firms.II) Many firms outside the U.S. use accelerated depreciation methods for reporting purposes, whereas most U.S. firms use straight-line depreciation for reporting purposes.III) Intangibles, such as goodwill, may be amortized over different periods or may be expensed rather than capitalized.IV) There is no way to reconcile the financial statements of non-U.S. firms to GAAP.


A) I and II
B) II and IV
C) I, II, and III
D) I, III, and IV
E) I, II, III, and IV


82) To create a common size income statement, ____________ all items on the income statement by ____________.


A) multiply; net income
B) multiply; total revenue
C) divide; net income
D) divide; total revenue
E) multiply; COGS


83) To create a common size balance sheet, ____________ all items on the balance sheet by ____________.


A) multiply; owners' equity
B) multiply; total assets
C) divide; owners' equity
D) divide; total assets
E) multiply; debt


84) Common size financial statements make it easier to compare firms


A) of different sizes.
B) in different industries.
C) with different degrees of leverage.
D) that use different inventory valuation methods (FIFO vs. LIFO).


85) Common size income statements make it easier to compare firms


A) that use different inventory valuation methods (FIFO vs. LIFO).
B) in different industries.
C) with different degrees of leverage.
D) of different sizes.


86) Common size balance sheets make it easier to compare firms


A) with different degrees of leverage.
B) of different sizes.
C) in different industries.
D) that use different inventory valuation methods (FIFO vs. LIFO).


87) Economic value added (EVA) was coined by Stern & Stewart. The concept, however, has been around for many years but referred to as _______________________.


A) profitability measure.
B) excess return.
C) residual income.
D) prospective capacity.
E) return margin.


88) One technique a firm can use to improve its economic value added (EVA) is to ____________________.


A) focus on leverage.
B) produce return above the cost of debt.
C) Increase prospective capacity.
D) reduce assets employed.


89) Using EVA to evaluate the financial performance of a movie is not a good idea because ____________.


A) a movie is a short lived project.
B) the cost of capital cannot be determined.
C) the assets employed are too low.
D) net income in future years cannot be forecasted.


90) A technique to increase the perceived return to equity shareholders is _______________________.


A) issuing new shares.
B) diluting existing shares.
C) deduce the use of debt.
D) through the use of leverage.


91) What type of firm is most easily valued using fundamental analysis?


A) public utility
B) social media company
C) new start-up company
D) company in financial distress


Document Information

Document Type:
DOCX
Chapter Number:
19
Created Date:
Aug 21, 2025
Chapter Name:
Chapter 19 Financial Statement Analysis
Author:
Zvi Bodie

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