Ch19 Test Bank Answers The Future Of The World’S Religions

Chapter Nineteen: The Future of the World’s Religions

In this test bank for World Religions, Fourth Edition, there is a new system for identifying the difficulty of the questions. Questions are now tagged according to four levels of learning. Think of these four levels as moving from lower-level to higher-level cognitive reasoning. The four levels are:

REMEMBER: A question involving recall of key terms or factual material.

UNDERSTAND: A question testing comprehension of more complex ideas.

APPLY: A question applying anthropological knowledge to some new situation.

ANALYZE: A question requiring identifying elements of an argument and their interrelationship.

Types of Questions

Multiple-Choice Questions

1. When proponents of a particular religion assert that their religion alone is true, they are maintaining __________.
   1. atavism
   2. exclusivism
   3. globalization
   4. inclusivism
   5. pluralism

(REMEMBER; p. 407)

1. In the early twenty-first century, religions and movements within religions that advocate __________ are on the rise.
   1. atavism
   2. determinism
   3. exclusivism
   4. inclusivism
   5. pluralism

(REMEMBER; p. 407)

1. The term “fundamentalism” is used in this book to describe the __________ position.
   1. atavist
   2. exclusivist
   3. inclusivist
   4. pluralist
   5. relativist

(REMEMBER; p. 407)

1. Exclusivism is most common in __________.
   1. Christianity and Islam
   2. Daoism and Confucianism
   3. Hinduism and Theravada Buddhism
   4. Shinto and Judaism
   5. Theravada Buddhism and Jainism

(UNDERSTAND; p. 407)

1. “Fundamentalism” is a term most commonly associated with __________.
   1. atavism
   2. exclusivism
   3. globalization
   4. inclusivism
   5. pluralism

(REMEMBER; p. 407)

1. Exclusivist religions have shared characteristics, __________.
   1. and adherents are motivated by the same values
   2. but adherents represent a spectrum of motivation
   3. including uniform codes of conduct
   4. and they also share membership
   5. whereas inclusivist religions are radically unique

(REMEMBER; p. 408)

1. Fundamentalism also can be associated with atheism or __________, grounded on the assumption of the inerrancy of selected texts like Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations.
   1. atavism
   2. consumerism
   3. exclusivism
   4. market capitalism
   5. totalitarianism

(UNDERSTAND; p. 408)

1. The __________ approach is that all religions will be subsumed within one universal religion, for all religions point toward the same spiritual ultimacy.
   1. atavist
   2. exclusivist
   3. inclusivist
   4. pluralist
   5. relativist

(UNDERSTAND; p. 409)

1. __________ is encouraged by the rapid globalization and secularization of the modern world, which has put pressure on traditional religious worldviews.
   1. atavism
   2. exclusivism
   3. inclusivism
   4. progressivism
   5. relativism

(UNDERSTAND; p. 409)

1. __________ is an example of a religion with a universalistic perspective.
   1. the Baha’i Faith
   2. Branch Davidianism
   3. Christian Science
   4. the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
   5. the Nation of Islam

(UNDERSTAND; p. 409)

1. __________ is an attempt to formulate a new “myth” for the scientific worldview of the modern world.
   1. the Earth Summit
   2. fundamentalism
   3. A Global Ethic
   4. the Pluralism Project
   5. The Universe Story

(UNDERSTAND; p. 409)

1. The position that all religions will continue to be essentially separate, but will grow ever more respectful of one another is called __________.
   1. atavism
   2. exclusivism
   3. globalization
   4. inclusivism
   5. pluralism

(UNDERSTAND; p. 409)

1. Pluralism means __________.
   1. engaging differences to come to a deeper understanding of one another
   2. relativism
   3. the same as diversity
   4. viewing one religion as the correct one
   5. when people of different religions are present in one place

(UNDERSTAND; p. 409)

1. __________ exemplifies the pluralistic perspective on the relation of the world’s religions.
   1. the Earth Summit
   2. fundamentalism
   3. A Global Ethic
   4. Islamism
   5. The Universe Story

(UNDERSTAND; p. 410)

1. The 1993 and 1999 Parliaments of the World’s Religions proposed __________ the world’s religions.
   1. a democratic restructuring of
   2. the dismantling of
   3. an Earth Summit to revise the teachings of
   4. a Global Ethic of common values found in
   5. homogenization of the core beliefs of

(REMEMBER; p. 410)

1. The Parliament of the World’s Religions list of core values include __________.
   1. distinctive statuses for women and men
   2. rejection of violence as an acceptable means for resolving disputes
   3. strict economic legislation
   4. a universal monetary system
   5. a world court

(REMEMBER; p. 411)

1. A Global Ethic makes clear that __________.
   1. everyone should be required to comply with environmental protections
   2. one religion should dominate over all the rest
   3. religious people have a corner on the truth
   4. religious people have a special responsibility to care for humanity and the planet
   5. religious people waste their lives on Ultimate Reality

(REMEMBER; answer; p. 411)

1. The spreading influence of the United States around the world may assist in the acceptance of pluralism because the United States has become __________.
   1. controller of the world financial markets
   2. a global empire that imposes its religious perspective on other nations
   3. the most diverse religious nation in the world where an attitude of respect among religions dominates
   4. occupied by proponents of foreign religions
   5. a place where church-state separation prevents religions playing any significant role in society

(UNDERSTAND; p. 411)

1. The pluralistic perspective includes __________.
   1. denial of the differences among religions
   2. a refusal to learn from other religions
   3. self-criticism about one’s own religion
   4. thinking of other religions by the categories of one’s own
   5. uncritical acceptance of all aspects of other religions

(UNDERSTAND; p. 412)

1. Some today fear that a phenomenon called __________ is drawing all peoples, cultures, and religions into a homogenized world-wide consumerism.
   1. fundamentalism
   2. glocalization
   3. globalization
   4. inclusivism
   5. pluralism

(REMEMBER; p. 413)

1. __________ is “the ongoing development of ever more extensive and profound interdependence among the countries, economies, cultures, physical localities, and peoples of the world.”
   1. Fundamentalism
   2. Glocalization
   3. Globalization
   4. Inclusivism
   5. Pluralism

(REMEMBER; p. 413)

1. One response to the fear that all peoples, cultures, and religions are being drawn into a homogenized world-wide consumerism is called __________.
   1. fundamentalism
   2. glocalization
   3. globalization
   4. inclusivism
   5. pluralism

(UNDERSTAND; p. 413)

1. At the dawn of the new millennium, humans face a choice between two paths. One leads to environmental, economic, and moral decay. The other points to __________.
   1. ecological disaster
   2. a just, sustainable earth
   3. a new monetary system
   4. a totally free trade system
   5. a universal world government

(REMEMBER; p. 414)

1. Proponents of dialogue among Christianity and Islam, the world’s two largest religions, point out that Christians and Muslims, as well as Jews, __________.
   1. are children of Abraham
   2. are committed to following the teachings of Jesus
   3. are committed to pluralism
   4. reject war
   5. support globalization

(REMEMBER; p. 414)

1. __________ is one of the many religious leaders challenging us to move down the path toward openness and respect of the other.
   1. Abbas al-Musawi
   2. Former U.S. President George W. Bush
   3. Grand Ayatollah Rouhollah Mousavi Khomeini
   4. His Holiness the Dalai Lama
   5. Osama bin Laden

(REMEMBER; p. 415)

Essay Questions

1. What values are protected by the exclusivist approach to religion? Choose one religion as an example to illustrate your points.
   (APPLY)
2. What values are protected by the inclusivist approach to religion? Choose one religion as an example to illustrate your points.
   (APPLY)
3. What values are protected by the pluralist approach to religion? Choose one religion as an example to illustrate your points.
   (APPLY)
4. Why have some interpreters suggested that inclusivism may be viewed as a form of exclusivism? Give an example of how this could happen.
   (APPLY)
5. What are the most compelling arguments for each of the three “possible futures” of the world’s religions? Which do you see as the most likely future? Which would you prefer? Why?
   (ANALYZE)
6. What evidence do you see of growing cooperation among nations and religions in addressing the ecological crisis? Do these signs indicate that the ecological challenges will be met before it is too late? Why do you think so?
   (ANALYZE)
7. Describe each of the Parliaments of the World’s Religions and evaluate the value of their agreements.
   (ANALYZE)
8. Describe the Global Ethic and assess its value.
   (ANALYZE)
9. What impact did the events of September 11, 2001 on relations among people of different religions, especially the Abrahamic religions?
   (APPLY)
10. In regard to those who become educated about the world’s religions, whatmoral obligation do they have to promote understanding of these religions?
    (APPLY)