Chapter 13: Sexual Violence

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Normalizing or accepting rape in prisons is an example of ______.

A. intersectional invisibility

B. carceral sexuality

C. rape culture

D. double victimization

Learning Objective: 13-1: Discuss the significance of gender and sexuality in sexual violence.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Understanding Sexual Violence | Rape

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Which of the following is an example of a rape myth?

A. Husbands cannot rape their wives.

B. Many rapes go unreported.

C. People rarely falsely report rape.

D. Rape is most often committed by people the victim knows.

Learning Objective: 13-2: Summarize the primary social problems concerning rape and sexual assault.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Rape

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Why can rape be understood as a gender-based crime?

A. It often occurs in gender-segregated spaces.

B. It is reflective of the patriarchy.

C. It is about sex rather than power.

D. It is primarily perpetrated by men against women.

Learning Objective: 13-2: Summarize the primary social problems concerning rape and sexual assault.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Rape

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. The affirmative consent standard states that consent ______.

A. can be interpreted through gestures

B. must be given with a verbal “yes”

C. is usually ambiguous

D. only needs to be established once

Learning Objective: 13-2: Summarize the primary social problems concerning rape and sexual assault.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Consent

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. When a victim of sexual assault is treated negatively by the criminal justice system, they are experiencing ______.

A. double victimization

B. the victimization framework

C. intersectional invisibility

D. the victim–offender framework

Learning Objective: 13-2: Summarize the primary social problems concerning rape and sexual assault.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Rape Survivors, Double Victimization, and Victimization Language

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. About what percent of college-aged women report surviving a sexual assault?

A. 10%–15%

B. 20%–25%

C. 30%–35%

D. 40%–45%

Learning Objective: 13-2: Summarize the primary social problems concerning rape and sexual assault.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Campus Rape

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Which of the following is a risk factor for sexual assault in college?

A. living off campus

B. belonging to a sorority

C. being a student-athlete

D. affirmative consent standard

Learning Objective: 13-2: Summarize the primary social problems concerning rape and sexual assault.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Campus Rape

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. ______ refers to when women are sexually assaulted and/or murdered specifically because of their sex.

A. Rape culture

B. Date rape

C. Femicide

D. Double victimization

Learning Objective: 13-2: Summarize the primary social problems concerning rape and sexual assault.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sexual Violence and Femicide in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Which of the following factors places certain groups at higher risk for child sexual abuse?

A. being female

B. being religious

C. living in a high-income neighborhood

D. attending a private school

Learning Objective: 13-3: Recognize the dynamics and problems of child sex abuse.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Child Sexual Abuse

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. There is a culture of ______ surrounding racialized homophobic and transphobic violence.

A. justice

B. invisibility

C. intersectionality

D. consent

Learning Objective: 13-4: Explain the extent and racialized nature of homophobic and transphobic violence.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Racialized Homophobic and Transphobic Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. When people with multiple marginalized identities challenge the stereotypes associated with groups to which they belong, they may experience ______.

A. situational injustice

B. victim–offender cycle

C. intersectional invisibility

D. double victimization

Learning Objective: 13-4: Explain the extent and racialized nature of homophobic and transphobic violence.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Racialized Homophobic and Transphobic Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Which group is most vulnerable to hate crimes involving sexual orientation in the United States?

A. bisexual men and women

B. transgender individuals

C. trans women of color

D. lesbians of color

Learning Objective: 13-4: Explain the extent and racialized nature of homophobic and transphobic violence.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sexual Assault of LGBTQ People

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. While incarcerated, Americans are denied ______.

A. carceral sexuality

B. sexual citizenship

C. situational sexuality

D. hetero-citizenship

Learning Objective: 13-5: Describe carceral sexualities and why prison sexual assault should be of concern.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Carceral Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. Transgender prisoners are at risk for discrimination and sexual assault because ______.

A. prisons enforce strict gender conformity

B. they are usually housed with the gender with which they identify

C. most carceral sexuality is nonconsensual

D. transgender prisoners are isolated in separate gender nonconforming housing, which creates hostility

Learning Objective: 13-5: Describe carceral sexualities and why prison sexual assault should be of concern.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: LGBTQ Prisoners

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Most research on carceral sexuality for women has focused on ______.

A. nonconsensual sexual relations

B. consensual sexual relations

C. situational homosexuality

D. challenging victim blaming

Learning Objective: 13-5: Describe carceral sexualities and why prison sexual assault should be of concern.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Sexuality and Women Prisoners

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. Which of the following has been critiqued by sociologists for blurring consensual and nonconsensual sexual activity in prison?

A. carceral sexuality

B. suppressed sexuality

C. Prison Rape Eliminate Act

D. situational homosexuality

Learning Objective: 13-5: Describe carceral sexualities and why prison sexual assault should be of concern.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Carceral Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. The exact legal definition of consent varies from state to state.

Learning Objective: 13-2: Summarize the primary social problems concerning rape and sexual assault.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Consent

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. One aspect of sexual colonization is the imposition of the patriarchy on colonized groups.

Learning Objective: 13-2: Summarize the primary social problems concerning rape and sexual assault.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Sexual Violence Against Indigenous Women

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. The Catholic Church took swift action by adopting a strict policy against sexual abuse after high rates were reported in the 1980s.

Learning Objective: 13-3: Recognize the dynamics and problems of child sex abuse.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Child Sexual Abuse Crisis in the Catholic Church

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Transphobic violence is primarily found in countries with high poverty rates.

Learning Objective: 13-4: Explain the extent and racialized nature of homophobic and transphobic violence.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Racialized Homophobic and Transphobic Violence

Difficulty Level: Hard

5. Research shows that most heterosexual men engage in same-sex sexual activity in prison.

Learning Objective: 13-5: Describe carceral sexualities and why prison sexual assault should be of concern.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Carceral Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Hard

Short Answer

1. What is rape culture? How is rape culture gendered?

Learning Objective: 13-1: Discuss the significance of gender and sexuality in sexual violence.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Understanding Sexual Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Briefly explain how definitions of rape and consent have changed over time.

Learning Objective: 13-2: Summarize the primary social problems concerning rape and sexual assault.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Rape | Consent

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. Why is it important to consider power dynamics when analyzing child sex abuse?

Learning Objective: 13-3: Recognize the dynamics and problems of child sex abuse.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Child Sexual Abuse

Difficulty Level: Hard

4. Why are LGBTQ people at greater risk for sexual assault?

Learning Objective: 13-4: Explain the extent and racialized nature of homophobic and transphobic violence.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Sexual Assault of LGBTQ People

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. What is situational homosexuality, and why is this concept critiqued?

Learning Objective: 13-5: Describe carceral sexualities and why prison sexual assault should be of concern.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Carceral Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. Feminists claim rape is a tool for dominance and social control over women. How do we see this reinforced in rape culture? What are some potential solutions?

Learning Objective: 13-2: Summarize the primary social problems concerning rape and sexual assault.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Rape | Feminist Perspectives on Rape

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. Explain how social myths promote shame, stigma, and silence around sexual violence, particularly child sex abuse. What are the results of widespread social silence on issues such as violence and abuse?

Learning Objective: 13-3: Recognize the dynamics and problems of child sex abuse.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Child Sexual Abuse | Rape Survivors, Double Victimization, and Victimization Language

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. Explain intersectional invisibility. How does this connect to homophobic and transphobic violence?

Learning Objective: 13-4: Explain the extent and racialized nature of homophobic and transphobic violence.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Racialized Homophobic and Transphobic Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. How are approaches to carceral sexuality gendered? How have researchers tended to characterize men prisoners’ sexuality, and how have they tended to characterize women prisoners’ sexuality?

Learning Objective: 13-5: Describe carceral sexualities and why prison sexual assault should be of concern.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Carceral Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Hard

5. Describe the high incidence of campus rape. What aspects of college campus culture are considered risk factors? Why is the reporting low?

Learning Objective: 13-2: Summarize the primary social problems concerning rape and sexual assault.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Campus Rape

Difficulty Level: Medium