Ch13 Complete Test Bank Architecture

Living with Art, 12e (Getlein)

Chapter 13 Architecture

1) Using a steel framework with masonry sheathing, the ________, designed by Louis Sullivan, is thought by many to be the first genuinely modern building.

A) Wainwright Building

B) Crystal Palace

C) Lever House

D) Chrysler Building

2) What term is used to describe the ability of a material to withstand tension?

A) Tensile strength

B) Compression

C) Sheathing

D) Entablature

3) "Stacking and piling" is another term for what structural system?

A) Post-and-lintel

B) Arch and vault

C) Load-bearing construction

D) Corbelling

4) The Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian styles are known as what architectural style?

A) International

B) Shell system

C) Hypostyle

D) Greek orders

5) The Byodo-in Temple in Kyoto, Japan, is an elegant example of what structural system?

A) Dome

B) Load-bearing

C) Balloon-frame 

D) Post-and-lintel

Match each building to the structural system used in its construction.

A) Cathedral of Notre-Dame de Reims, France

B) Crystal Palace, Hyde Park, London

C) Great Friday Mosque at Djenné, in Mali

D) Temple of Athena Nike, Acropolis, Athens

6) Load-bearing

7) Post-and-lintel

8) Pointed Arch and Vault

9) Cast-Iron

10) Built almost 2000 years ago, the ________ is an enduring testament to the Roman use of the arch.

A) Pont du Gard at Nîmes

B) Hagia Sophia

C) Reims Cathedral

D) Acropolis in Athens

11) Built for the World's Fair in 1889, the ________ was an early experiment in iron construction.

A) Wainwright Building

B) Crystal Palace

C) Eiffel Tower

D) Lever House

12) ________ is most famous for his design of the geodesic dome.

A) Frank Lloyd Wright

B) Frank Gehry

C) Louis Sullivan

D) R. Buckminster Fuller

13) What ideals are emphasized in architecture of the International Style?

A) Reliance on corbelled arches

B) Coffered ceilings

C) Avoidance of superficial decoration

D) Geometric forms 

E) Clean lines 

14) Fallingwater (the Kaufmann House in Mill Run, Pennsylvania) is a prime example of the "organic" architecture of what designer?

A) Frank Lloyd Wright

B) Shigeru Ban

C) Frank Gehry

D) Zaha Hadid

15) What structure is a horizontal form supported at only one end?

A) Cornice

B) Keystone

C) Flying buttress

D) Cantilever

16) What type of structure is generated by rotating an arch 360 degrees about a vertical central axis?

A) Cantilever

B) Dome

C) Portico

D) Vault

17) When a large hall is built using post-and-lintel construction methods, the resulting "virtual forest of columns" is called a ________.

A) barrel vault

B) hypostyle hall

C) groin vault

D) portico

18) What are the two basic families of structural systems in architecture?

A) Shell

B) Digital

C) Modern

D) Postmodern

E) Skeleton-and-skin 

F) Organic

19) What structure used digital fabrication in its construction?

A) Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, Spain

B) Fallingwater, Mill Run, Pennsylvania

C) Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco

D) Lever House, New York

20) What material did Shigeru Ban use in his Centre Pompidou-Metz, that updated the ancient idea of fabric architecture?

A) Silk

B) CATIA

C) Fiberglass

D) Bamboo

21) A flying buttress is an arched exterior support system found on what style of building?

A) Postmodern

B) Romanesque

C) Geodesic 

D) Gothic

22) The Taj Mahal was built by the 17th-century Moslem emperor for what purpose?

A) As a mosque

B) As a monument

C) As a tomb for his wife

D) As a home

23) The round opening in the dome of the Pantheon is called a(n) ________.

A) rotunda

B) oculus

C) coffer

D) cantilever

24) The skeleton-and-skin structure the Crystal Palace was designed by ________ in 1851.

A) Louis Sullivan

B) Gustav Eiffel

C) Frank Lloyd Wright

D) Joseph Paxton

25) What are some qualities associated with Zaha Hadid's design style?

A) Traditional

B) Futuristic

C) Earthy 

D) Handmade

E) Geodesic 

26) Outline the main goals of green architecture, describing how an architect or group of architects achieved each of those goals in a specific structure. Discuss the advantages and difficulties of green architecture in terms of meeting environmentalist objectives and the needs of those who will be living and/or working within them.

27) Discuss the major tenets of Frank Lloyd Wright's theories of domestic architecture, identifying aspects of specific structures that illustrate his success in realizing these tenets in homes he designed.

28) Discuss how social features are reflected in architecture. Relate an example from the text that shows the ties between architectural design and social space. Then, think of an example in your own life that shows this relationship.

29) Describe the differences between Romanesque and Gothic architecture. Use specific buildings and their features to support your answer. 

30) Identify and describe the impact of one architect of the 20th and/or 21st century whom you consider a major technical, artistic, or philosophical innovator. Discuss at least one structure designed by this architect as an example of his/her innovations.

31) Consider the Taj Mahal and the Pantheon. Both of these buildings feature dome construction. Discuss the differences in appearance and styles of the dome.

32) Consider Kallikrates, Temple of Athena Nike, Acropolis, in Athens. Discuss the structural system that is used in this building in relation to the purpose of the building and the decorative aspects of the structure's surface. What are the advantages and limitations of this structural system?

33) How has fabric been incorporated into modern architecture? What are the advantages, both practical and aesthetic, that fabric gives to structures? Support your answer by discussing how Zaha Hadid has used fabric in her work.

34) Describe how reinforced concrete works and explain how this product lends itself to create free-form organic shapes. Give an example of a building that employs this material, how it was innovative in design, and how the design integrated with the location of the structure.