Intravenous Delivery Systems and Equipment

Chapter 12

1. What is oncotic pressure?
2. The pressure exerted by an individual’s blood pressure that forces fluid from the circulatory system into the interstitial and intracellular spaces
3. The pressure exerted by plasma proteins that forces fluid from the circulatory system into the interstitial and intracellular spaces
4. The pressure exerted by an individual’s blood pressure that draws fluid from the interstitial and intercellular spaces into the circulatory system
5. The pressure exerted by plasma proteins that draws fluid from the intracellular and interstitial spaces into the circulatory system
6. A provider orders IV replacement fluids for a patient. What is the purpose of replacement fluids?
7. Maintain normal fluid balance.
8. Replenish fluids lost through injury or illness.
9. Provide a means to administer IV medications.
10. Restore electrolyte balance in the body.
11. A provider writes this order: “Infuse D₅W/0.45% normal saline at 150 mL/hr.” Which statement accurately describes how the nurse should implement this order?
12. Intermittently over the next 24 hours
13. For at least 2 weeks
14. Continuously until the order is discontinued by the provider
15. For 24 hours only
16. Which of these IV fluids is a colloid?
17. 25% albumin
18. 5% dextrose solution (D₅W)
19. 0.9% sodium chloride solution (NS)
20. Ringer’s lactate (RL)
21. The nurse is caring for a patient who is vomiting frequently. Which IV fluids should the nurse prepare as ordered?
22. 5% albumin
23. 25% albumin
24. Dextran 40
25. 5% dextrose in 0.45% sodium chloride solution (D5/0.45% normal saline)
26. Which drop factor is a microdrip tubing?
27. 60 gtt/mL
28. 20 gtt/mL
29. 15 gtt/mL
30. 10 gtt/mL
31. A nurse is inspecting the patient’s IV tubing through which 0.9% sodium chloride solution is infusing. Within how many hours does IV tubing typically expire after removal from its sterile package?
32. 12 to 24 hours
33. 20 to 30 hours
34. 48 to 60 hours
35. 24 to 96 hours
36. When calculating a gravity infusion, in which unit of measure should the nurse express the flow rate?
37. gtt/mL
38. gtt/min
39. gtt/sec
40. gtt/hr
41. The nurse receives an order to increase the flow rate of an IV drip infusing by gravity. How may the nurse safely accomplish this?
42. Close the roller clamp on the tubing.
43. Lower the height of the infusion bag.
44. Raise the height of the infusion bag.
45. Squeeze the infusion bag tightly.
46. The nurse is caring for a patient with a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) system in place. The patient is sleeping, but is moaning intermittently. The family asks the nurse to push the PCA button. What is the nurse’s most appropriate response?
47. “I cannot push the button, but you could do it instead.”
48. “Since the patient is clearly in pain, I’ll push the button.”
49. “The risk of overdose increases when others push the pain button for the patient.”
50. “Only the patient and the ordering provider can push the button.”
51. For which type of infusion are secondary administration sets typically used?
52. Intermittent fluids, such as antibiotics
53. Continuous fluids
54. Maintenance fluids
55. Replacement fluids
56. Which characteristic of an infusion pump requires monitoring by the nurse to prevent complications?
57. Infusion pumps must be plugged in to emergency (red) electrical outlets.
58. Infusion pumps provide less regulation of flow than do drip controllers.
59. Some infusion pumps, called “smart pumps,” contain dosage calculation software.
60. Infusion pumps can overcome mild resistance and continue to pump into tissues.
61. What is the primary purpose of the IV tubing label?
62. To decrease the possibility of tubing being used on the wrong patient
63. To remind nurses when the tubing change is due
64. To identify the nurse who last connected the tubing
65. To document the healthcare provider who ordered the infusion
66. What is the most important safeguard against improper use of the PCA pump?
67. Lockout interval
68. Nurse
69. Family
70. Locking of the pump with a key
71. Before connecting IV tubing to a patient, which of the following must the nurse do? Select all that apply.
72. Ensure that the correct type of tubing is selected.
73. Inspect the tubing for defects.
74. Prime the tubing to purge the air.
75. Attach a piggyback set.
76. Open any closed slide or roller clamps.
77. Which information should be included on an IV fluid label? Select all that apply.
78. Expiration date and time
79. Name of the solution
80. Patient’s date of birth
81. Patient allergies
82. Flow rate of the infusion
83. Which of the following descriptions regarding intermittent infusions are correct? Select all that apply.
84. Used when patients need additional fluid or nutrients
85. Immediately followed by a saline or heparin flush
86. Administered continuously
87. Usually used for IV medications administered periodically
88. Are most often administered using microdrip tubing