Ch1 Introduction And Overview Of White-Collar Exam Questions - Complete Test Bank | White Collar Crime 3e by Payne by Brian K. Payne. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 1: Introduction and Overview of White-Collar Crime
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
- Who first introduced the concept of white-collar crime?
- Philip Stinson
- Michael Cosentino
- Edwin Sutherland
- Henry Pontell
Learning Objective: 1-1: Describe the characteristics that define white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
- The concept of white-collar crime was introduced to call attention to what
fact?
a. Crimes committed in the workplace result in more losses than traditional crime like burglary.
b. Crimes are committed by individuals in all professions.
c. Crimes are committed by individuals of all social and economic classes.
d. Crimes are committed only by institutions.
Learning Objective: 1-1: Describe the characteristics that define white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Medium
- How does white-collar crime differ from traditional crime?
- has more victims than traditional crime
- results in fewer losses than traditional property crime
- does not have the potential to cause physical or emotional damage
- is easier to uncover
Learning Objective: 1-1: Describe the characteristics that define white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
- Why has there been little understanding of the nature of white-collar crime?
- The number of victims affected has made collecting evidence of white-collar offending difficult.
- There has not been enough research on white-collar offending.
- Few white-collar crimes are discovered.
- White-collar crime is treated in the same manner as traditional crime.
Learning Objective: 1-2: Summarize the reasons for studying white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Why Study White-Collar Crime?
Difficulty Level: Medium
- Bernie Madoff’s crimes resulted in what major consequences for society?
- loss of money for victims
- demoralization costs
- stricter policy enforcement in the workplace and by the government
- increased media attention to this type of crime
Learning Objective: 1-2: Summarize the reasons for studying white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Why Study White-Collar Crime?
Difficulty Level: Medium
- What role does one’s job play in defining white-collar crime?
- The crime is committed during the course of one’s job.
- The crime is committed to steal from the company or employer.
- The offender’s job is not related to the crime.
- The offender’s occupation requires working in a group.
Learning Objective: 1-1: Describe the characteristics that define white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. Which of the following is an example of a crime that would be classified as white-collar crime?
- sexual assault of a student by a professor
- an employee stealing money out of the cash register after his shift
- a doctor performing unnecessary tests on a patient
- a patient not paying a hospital bill
Learning Objective: 1-1: Describe the characteristics that define white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Medium
8. Which research strategy involves reviewing official records, reports, and other documents in a study white-collar crime?
- archival research
- case studies
- experiments
- analysis
Learning Objective: 1-3: Explain the research strategies used to understand white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Researching White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. Which groups are typically surveyed in a white-collar crime study?
- justice officials
- coworkers
- a victim’s neighbors
- offender’s previous employer
Learning Objective: 1-3: Explain the research strategies used to understand white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Researching White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. What do white-collar crime surveys of victims reveal?
- complaint patterns
- easy targets
- the magnitude of money lost
- offenders’ preferred type of victim
Learning Objective: 1-3: Explain the research strategies used to understand white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Researching White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. Criminologist Sam Wheeler used which type of documents to gain insight into the dynamics of white-collar offenses and how offenders are sentenced in court?
- media reports
- case records
- pre-sentencing reports
- work history
Learning Objective: 1-3: Explain the research strategies used to understand white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Archival Research and White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Easy
12. What did criminologist Michael Levi conclude after from his study of white-collar crime?
a. Cases of white-collar crime are used as entertainment stories in the media rather than taken seriously.
b. White-collar crime offenders are given more leniency in the courts compared to traditional criminals.
c. An “ethical work climate” leads to fewer white-collar crime offenses.
d. Structural changes in economic policies promote individual greed.
Learning Objective: 1-3: Explain the research strategies used to understand white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Researching White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. What is an advantage to archival research?
- allows researchers to study a bigger picture
- gives researches access a large number of subjects
- allows the researchers to study how well prevention policies are working
- gives the researcher an inside view into white-collar crimes
Learning Objective: 1-3: Explain the research strategies used to understand white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Researching White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Easy
14. What is a common reason that a victim will not report a white-collar crime to
the authorities?
- belief there is not enough evidence
- not being treated as a victim
- having to deal with the media
- fear of retaliation from the offender.
Learning Objective: 1-3: Explain the research strategies used to understand white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Researching White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Medium
15. What was founded in the 1990’s as a response to the rarity of experimental study in the white-collar crime area?
- The Journal of Experimental Criminology
- The Academy of Experimental Criminology
- The White-Collar Crime Experimental Database
- The Journal of Research on White-Collar Crime
Learning Objective: 1-3: Explain the research strategies used to understand white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Researching White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Easy
16. What method of research did Frank Cullen use in the Ford Pinto Case when he determined that it was “social and legal changes” that made Ford Motor Company more susceptible to criminal intervention and prosecution?
- case study
- archival research
- media reports
- field research
Learning Objective: 1-3: Explain the research strategies used to understand white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Researching White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Medium
17. Which of the following contains three of five principles necessary to study white-collar crime from a scientific perspective?
- objectivity, parsimony, reasoning
- relativism, determinism, verifiability
- parsimony, skepticism, relativism
- verifiability, determinism, objectivity
Learning Objective: 1-4: Analyze how use of the scientific principles of research applies to the study of white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Studying White-Collar Crime from a Scientific Perspective
Difficulty Level: Easy
18. Why is it necessary to study white-collar crime from a scientific perspective?
- to have it taken seriously in the criminal justice field
- to identify patterns in white-collar crime and have them be widely accepted
- to fully understand white-collar crime other than how it is portrayed in the
media
- to help law enforcement develop investigative procedures
Learning Objective: 1-4: Analyze how use of the scientific principles of research applies to the study of white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Studying White-Collar Crime from a Scientific Perspective
Difficulty Level: Easy
19. A researcher who spends one month as a department store sales person to anonymously observe and gather data on retail workplace behavior would be conducting what type of research?
- case study
- experiment
- face-to-face interviews
- field research
Learning Objective: 1-4: Analyze how use of the scientific principles of research applies to the study of white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Field Research
Difficulty Level: Medium
20. What surprising conclusion did criminologists Benson and Moore come to about white-collar crime offenders?
- Offenders are not so much motivated by greed.
- Other employees often look the other way if they know their colleague is
committing a crime.
- Employers often do not take white-collar crime seriously and fail to implement
strict prevention policies, making it easy and tempting for possible offenders.
- Offenders often have a desire to be caught.
Learning Objective: 1-4: Analyze how use of the scientific principles of research applies to the study of white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Studying White-Collar Crime from a Scientific Perspective
Difficulty Level: Medium
21. Why is the principle of parsimony necessary in researching and studying white-collar crime?
- so the concept of white-collar crime is not over extended in the media
and by other criminologists.
- to ensure that explanations and theories can be easily understood by not
only the public, but by other scientists
- allow effective prevention strategies can be developed and implemented in
the work place as soon as possible
- so that the criminal justice system can better understand the differences
between white-collar crime and traditional crime.
Learning Objective: 1-4: Analyze how use of the scientific principles of research applies to the study of white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Parsimony and White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Medium
22. How does the political system differentiate from the regulatory system?
- The political system describes the agencies that are charged with enforcing
the laws written by the regulatory system
- The political system writes and defines the laws and the regulatory system
develops prevention policies
- The regulatory system defines the rights of offenders and victims and the
political system offers resources for justice and retribution for victims
- The political system defines the laws and the regulatory system describes the
agencies who enforce the laws
Learning Objective: 1-4: Analyze how use of the scientific principles of research applies to the study of white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Relativism and White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Medium
23. Which system has changed how white-collar crime occurs?
- social services system
- religious system
- technological system
- economic system
Learning Objective: 1-4: Analyze how use of the scientific principles of research applies to the study of white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Relativism and White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Medium
24. Changes in which system have led to direct changes in the criminal justice system?
- technological system
- educational system
- occupational system
- social system
Learning Objective: 1-4: Analyze how use of the scientific principles of research applies to the study of white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Relativism and White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Medium
25. What is a potential role for students in white-collar crime?
- current advocate for victims
- future policy makers
- current researchers
- future investigative journalist
Learning Objective: 1-5: Evaluate the potential ways in which white-collar crime affects real life.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Student Role in White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Medium
True/False
- Edwin Sutherland defined white-collar crime as “crime committed by a person
of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation.”
Learning Objective: 1-1: Describe the characteristics that define white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
- Most white-collar crime offenders have some college education.
Learning Objective: 1-1: Describe the characteristics that define white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Student Role in White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Easy
- White-collar crime results in far less loss than traditional crimes
each year.
Learning Objective: 1-2: Summarize the reasons for studying white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Why Study White-Collar Crime?
Difficulty Level: Easy
- By studying white-collar crime, we can learn about other types of crime.
Learning Objective: 1-2: Summarize the reasons for studying white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Why Study White-Collar Crime?
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. Archival research on white-collar crime can provide insight into the culture at a given time.
Learning Objective: 1-3: Explain the research strategies used to further understanding of white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Archival Research and White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. Ever since the founding of the Academy of Experimental Criminology, experiments have been used on a regular basis to study white-collar crime.
Learning Objective: 1-3: Explain the research strategies used to further understanding of white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Experiments
Difficulty Level: Easy
- When white-collar crime offenders are demonized in the media it makes it
difficult to develop efficient prevention strategies.
Learning Objective: 1-3: Explain the research strategies used to further understanding of white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Medium
8. Relativism, meaning all things are related, focuses on explaining the causes of white-collar crime.
Learning Objective: 1-4: Analyze how use of the scientific principles of research apply to the study of white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Relativism and White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. The occupational system includes businesses and corporations that carry out
business activity as part of the capitalist system. White-collar crime is found in all levels.
Learning Objective: 1-4: Analyze how use of the scientific principles of research applies to the study of white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Relativism and White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. Most students have been the victim of white-collar crime at some point in the past.
Learning Objective: 1-5: Evaluate the potential ways in which white-collar crime affects real life.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Student Role in White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Easy
Short Answer
1. Explain the three criteria points for defining white-collar crime in the workplace that separate the crime from traditional crime.
Learning Objective: 1-1: Describe the characteristics that define white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. Explain and describe three of the six reasons to study white-collar crime
Learning Objective: 1-2: Summarize the reasons for studying white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Why Study White-Collar Crime?
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. Name the four groups that are typically targeted in white-collar crime surveys and explain the goal of surveying one of the four groups.
Learning Objective: 1-3: Explain the research strategies used to understand white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Researching White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. Explain the consequences of the media failing to remain objective when it comes to white-collar crime.
Learning Objective: 1-3: Explain the research strategies used to understand white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. Explain the difference between the regulatory system and the criminal and civil justice systems
Learning Objective: 1-4: Analyze how use of the scientific principles of research applies to the study of white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Relativism and White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Medium
Essay
- Discuss the distinguishing factors of white-collar crime.
Learning Objective: 1-1: Describe the characteristics that define white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. Discuss the reasons why white-collar crime should be studied.
Learning Objective: 1-2: Summarize the reasons for studying white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Why Study White-Collar Crime?
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. Discuss two methods of research and how they apply to white-collar crime.
Learning Objective: 1-3: Explain the research strategies used to further understanding of white-collar crime.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Researching White-Collar Crime
Difficulty Level: Medium
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Complete Test Bank | White Collar Crime 3e by Payne
By Brian K. Payne