Ch1 | Exploring Life & Science – Test Bank – 16e

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Human Biology, 16e (Mader)

Chapter 1 Exploring Life and Science

1) The scientific study of life is called

A) biology.

B) ecology.

C) anatomy.

D) biochemistry.

E) limnology.

Section: 01.01

Topic: Levels of Biological Organization

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.01.01 Explain the basic characteristics that are common to all living organisms.

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2) A complex individual that consists of organ systems is known as a(n)

A) community.

B) population.

C) organism.

D) tissue.

E) species.

Section: 01.01

Topic: Levels of Biological Organization

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.01.02 Describe the levels of organization of life.

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3) All of the ecosystems on the planet together are called the

A) atmosphere.

B) hydrosphere.

C) biosphere.

D) lithosphere.

E) stratosphere.

Section: 01.01

Topic: Levels of Biological Organization; Biodiversity

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.01.02 Describe the levels of organization of life.

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4) In a swamp, all of the alligators would represent a(n)

A) organism.

B) population.

C) community.

D) ecosystem.

E) biosphere.

Section: 01.01

Topic: Levels of Biological Organization

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 01.01.02 Describe the levels of organization of life.

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5) The region in which populations interact with each other and with the physical environment is called a(n) community.

Section: 01.01

Topic: Levels of Biological Organization; Biodiversity

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.01.02 Describe the levels of organization of life.

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6) The region in which populations interact with each other and with the physical environment is called a(n)

A) entity.

B) ecosystem.

C) biosystem.

D) community.

E) biosphere.

Section: 01.01

Topic: Levels of Biological Organization; Biodiversity

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.01.02 Describe the levels of organization of life.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

7) All of the changes that occur starting from the time an egg is fertilized and continuing through childhood, adolescence, and adulthood are called

A) metabolism.

B) evolution.

C) homeostasis.

D) reproduction.

E) development.

Section: 01.01

Topic: Levels of Biological Organization

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.01.03 Explain why the study of evolution is important in understanding life.

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8) Which of the following statements most correctly defines homeostasis?

A) All living organisms are alike.

B) Living organisms do not change much over time.

C) Human beings and other animals acquire materials and energy when they eat food.

D) It takes energy to maintain the organization of the cell.

E) Cells and organisms maintain a fairly constant internal environment.

Section: 01.01

Topic: Levels of Biological Organization

Bloom's: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 01.01.03 Explain why the study of evolution is important in understanding life.

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9) The face of a sunflower turns to follow the sun as it moves across the sky. This is an example of

A) metabolism.

B) homeostasis.

C) response to stimuli.

D) development.

E) reproduction.

Section: 01.01

Topic: Levels of Biological Organization

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 01.01.01 Explain the basic characteristics that are common to all living organisms.

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10) Choose the correct order (1–5) of increasing complexity/organization.

A) (1) tissues, (2) organ systems, (3) cells, (4) organs, (5) organism

B) (1) cells, (2) organ systems, (3) tissues, (4) organs, (5) organism

C) (1) tissues, (2) organs, (3) organ systems, (4) cells, (5) organism

D) (1) cells, (2) tissues, (3) organs, (4) organ systems, (5) organism

E) (1) organism, (2) organ systems, (3) organs, (4) tissues, (5) cells

Section: 01.01

Topic: Levels of Biological Organization

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 01.01.02 Describe the levels of organization of life.

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11) Fish have scales that enable them to live in a water environment. This is an example of

A) homeostasis.

B) adaptation.

C) metabolism.

D) development.

E) cellular organization.

Section: 01.01

Topic: Levels of Biological Organization

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 01.01.03 Explain why the study of evolution is important in understanding life.

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12) The domain Eukarya contains ________ kingdom(s).

A) one

B) two

C) three

D) four

E) five

Section: 01.02

Topic: Eukarya

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.02.01 Summarize the place of humans in the overall classification of living organisms.

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13) Traditions, beliefs, and values are considered what aspect of human life?

A) communicative

B) cultural

C) instructional

D) biological

E) chemical

Section: 01.02

Topic: Humans and Life

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 01.02.02 Understand that humans have a cultural heritage.

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14) The cell you are examining under the microscope appears to contain a nucleus. This organism belongs to the domain

A) Bacteria.

B) Archaea.

C) Eukarya.

D) Animalia.

E) Fungi.

Section: 01.02

Topic: Eukarya

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 01.02.01 Summarize the place of humans in the overall classification of living organisms.

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15) Which organisms are most closely related to humans?

A) spiders

B) earthworms

C) parakeets

D) meerkats

E) snakes

Section: 01.02

Topic: Humans and Life

Bloom's: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 01.02.01 Summarize the place of humans in the overall classification of living organisms.

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16) Humans evolved from apes.

Section: 01.02

Topic: Humans and Life

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 01.02.01 Summarize the place of humans in the overall classification of living organisms.

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17) Only humans have a language that allows for the communication of information and experiences symbolically.

Section: 01.02

Topic: Humans and Life

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.02.02 Understand that humans have a cultural heritage.

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18) Humans clear forests to grow crops, and they build houses and cities. What are these an example of?

A) how humans modify the biosphere

B) how humans preserve ecosystems

C) the high value humans place on biodiversity

D) the positive impact of humans on life on Earth

E) how humans do not need the rest of life on Earth

Section: 01.02

Topic: Humans and Life

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 01.02.03 Describe the relationship between humans and the biosphere.

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19) Humans are part of the biosphere and must live in harmony with it if we are to survive as a species.

Section: 01.02

Topic: Humans and Life

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 01.02.03 Describe the relationship between humans and the biosphere.

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20) ________ observations are supported by factual information, while ________ observations involve personal judgment.

A) Subjective; analytical

B) Objective; analytical

C) Objective; subjective

D) Objective; hypothetical

E) Subjective; theoretical

Section: 01.03

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.03.01 Describe the general process of the scientific method.

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21) Which of the following statements is an objective observation?

A) This milk tastes funny.

B) This package is larger than that one.

C) I like this picture.

D) This mattress feels hard to me.

E) I think I am going to be sick.

Section: 01.03

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 01.03.01 Describe the general process of the scientific method.

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22) What is the unifying principle of the biological sciences?

A) technology

B) anatomy

C) biochemistry

D) taxonomy

E) evolution

Section: 01.03

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.03.01 Describe the general process of the scientific method.

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23) Where on a graph can you find the information that the graph pertains to?

A) The x-axis only.

B) The y-axis only.

C) The dot points that are connected by the lines of the graph.

D) The top of each bar in a bar graph.

E) The x-axis and y-axis.

Section: 01.03

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 01.03.04 Interpret information that is presented in a scientific graph.

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24) The tentative explanation to be tested is called

A) a theory.

B) a hunch.

C) a hypothesis.

D) the data.

E) the conclusion.

Section: 01.03

Topic: Scientific Method

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.03.01 Describe the general process of the scientific method.

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25) Line graphs are used to depict the relationship between two quantities.

Section: 01.03

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.03.04 Interpret information that is presented in a scientific graph.

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26) The information collected during the experiment or observation is called

A) a theory.

B) a hunch.

C) the hypothesis.

D) the data.

E) the conclusion.

Section: 01.03

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.03.01 Describe the general process of the scientific method.

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27) The general public needs to have an understanding of science in order to make informed decisions about the future of our species.

Section: 01.04

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 01.04.02 Summarize some of the major challenges facing science.

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28) The cause of stomach ulcers appears to be

A) excess stomach acid.

B) the bacterium Helicobacter pylori.

C) drinking too much coffee.

D) extreme stress.

E) diets rich in meat products.

Section: 01.03

Topic: Bacteria; Experimental Design

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.03.01 Describe the general process of the scientific method.

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29) Which of the following statements is a hypothesis?

A) If a student buys a meal plan, he or she will eat more vegetables.

B) Ginny gained 5 lbs her freshman year.

C) Blake failed the test.

D) There are more calories in french fries than in colas.

E) I like my biology class better than my other classes.

Section: 01.03

Topic: Scientific Method

Bloom's: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 01.03.01 Describe the general process of the scientific method.

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30) A controlled study in which neither the patient nor the examiner is aware of whether the patient is receiving a treatment, is called a(n)

A) statistical study.

B) double-blind study.

C) variable study.

D) adaptive study.

E) blind study.

Section: 01.03

Topic: Experimental Design

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.03.02 Distinguish between a control group and an experimental group in a scientific test.

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31) In an experiment designed to test the effect of temperature on goldfish respiration, the temperatures that were changed represent what type of variable?

A) control

B) responding

C) experimental

D) correlative

E) placebo

Section: 01.03

Topic: Experimental Design

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 01.03.02 Distinguish between a control group and an experimental group in a scientific test.

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32) If the control group in an experiment shows the same results as the test group, the treatment was successful.

Section: 01.03

Topic: Experimental Design

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 01.03.02 Distinguish between a control group and an experimental group in a scientific test.

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33) To make all subjects think they are receiving the same treatment, patients in the control group can receive a placebo.

Section: 01.03

Topic: Experimental Design

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.03.02 Distinguish between a control group and an experimental group in a scientific test.

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34) One of the difficulties with publication of research in scientific journals is that it

A) is technical and may be difficult for a layperson to read.

B) is often out of context or misunderstood.  

C) is unverified and usually not referenced.

D) displays bias.

E) is designed to convince readers to purchase a product.

Section: 01.03

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 01.03.03 Recognize the importance of scientific journals in the reporting of scientific information.

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35) Which of the following URLs would you trust least in writing a scientific paper?

A) .com

B) .gov

C) .edu

D) .org

E) both .edu and .gov

Section: 01.03

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.03.03 Recognize the importance of scientific journals in the reporting of scientific information.

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36) An important part of scientific research is repeatability.

Section: 01.03

Topic: Experimental Design

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 01.03.03 Recognize the importance of scientific journals in the reporting of scientific information.

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37) The standard error tells

A) how often the examiner made an error.

B) how often the experimental variable was tested.

C) the relationship between the control and test groups.

D) whether or not the research has been published in a scientific journal.

E) how uncertain a particular value is.

Section: 01.03

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.03.05 Recognize the importance of statistical analysis to the study of science.

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38) A probability value of less than 5% in a scientific study is acceptable.

Section: 01.03

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.03.05 Recognize the importance of statistical analysis to the study of science.

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39) Which of the following is an example of correlation without causation?

A) HPV can cause cervical cancer.

B) Illegal drug use causes an increase in crime.

C) Helicobacter pylori can cause ulcers.

D) People who commit crimes also consume bread.

E) Parents have children.

Section: 01.03

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 01.03.05 Recognize the importance of statistical analysis to the study of science.

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40) In a graph, the experimental variable is plotted on the

A) x-axis.

B) y-axis.

C) x- and y-axis.

D) z-axis.

E) x- and z-axis.

Section: 01.04

Topic: Experimental Design

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.03.04 Interpret information that is presented in a scientific graph.

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41) Choose the following interest group that should be held most responsible for the future roles of new scientific technologies.

A) scientists

B) politicians

C) clergy

D) educators

E) everyone

Section: 01.04

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 01.04.02 Summarize some of the major challenges facing science.

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42) In conducting a review of the literature on the Internet, which of the following sources would be the least reliable?

A) The Centers of Disease Control

B) The Cystic Fibrosis Foundation

C) The National Institute of Health

D) The Pasteur Institute

E) Astrology and Medicine

Section: 01.03

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 01.03.03 Recognize the importance of scientific journals in the reporting of scientific information.

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43) After studying biology, you should

A) become an animal rights activist.

B) be better able to make wise decisions regarding your own well-being and the earth's.

C) get a high paying job as a biologist.

D) understand all there is to know about humans and biology.

E) dislike anything to do with biology.

Section: 01.04

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 01.04.02 Summarize some of the major challenges facing science.

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44) Technology is the application of scientific knowledge to the interests of humans.

Section: 01.04

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 01.04.01 Distinguish between science and technology.

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45) Scientists who have a financial stake in a company are now required to state that when they do research. This is an example of

A) ethics in science.

B) financial planning.

C) a new business model.

D) a biotechnology revolution.

E) statistical significance.

Section: 01.04

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 01.04.02 Summarize some of the major challenges facing science.

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46) Which of the following statements best explains the atomic bomb and the benefit of nuclear physics to cancer therapy?

A) Science and technology are not risk-free.

B) Science and technology are wrong.

C) Science and technology are good for mankind.

D) Science and technology are value-neutral.

E) Science and technology always provide value to people.

Section: 01.04

Topic: Process of Science

Bloom's: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 01.04.02 Summarize some of the major challenges facing science.

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47) List the four kingdoms of life that are classified under the domain Eukarya and indicate the key features of each.

Kingdom Fungi: Mostly multicellular filaments with specialized, complex cells. Absorb food.

Kingdom Plantae: Multicellular, usually with specialized tissues, containing complex cells, photosynthesize. 

Kingdom Animalia: Multicellular with specialized tissues containing complex cells. Ingest cells.  

Section: 01.02

Topic: Eukarya

Bloom's: 6. Create

Learning Outcome: 01.02.01 Summarize the place of humans in the overall classification of living organisms.

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48) List the characteristics that are common to all living organisms.

Section: 01.01

Topic: Levels of Biological Organization

Bloom's: 6. Create

Learning Outcome: 01.01.01 Explain the basic characteristics that are common to all living organisms.

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49) Describe the steps associated with the scientific method.

Hypothesis: Input from various sources is used to formulate a testable statement.

Experiment/Observation: The hypothesis is tested by experiment or further observations.

Conclusion: The results are analyzed, and the hypothesis is supported or rejected.

Scientific Theory: Many experiments and observations support a theory.

Section: 01.03

Topic: Scientific Method

Bloom's: 6. Create

Learning Outcome: 01.03.01 Describe the general process of the scientific method.

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