Ch.1 Development Theory And Reality Complete Test Bank 6e - Complete Test Bank Development and Social Change 6e with Answers by Philip McMichael. DOCX document preview.
Development and Social Change, 6th edition
Philip McMichael
Chapter 1: Development: Theory and Reality
Test Bank
1. Development, as a project, had its origin in the colonial era because
a. European domination and superiority was seen as an indicator of human progress
b. The global south needed a leader, which can only be found in Europe
c. Europe is the largest continent in the world
d. Europe survived most development crisis in the past
Answer location: Development: History and Politics
Page Number: 2
2. CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY: Efforts to reverse ecological footprints of humans include the following:
a. increasing greenhouse emissions
b. reducing greenhouse emissions
c. promoting green technology
d. investment in oil production
Answer location: Development: History and Politics
Page Number: 1
3. Development as a "social process" and development as "political intervention" is most closely associated with:
a. Robert Merton
b. John Smith
c. Michael Cowan
d. Robert Michael
Answer location: Development: History and Politics
Page Number: 2
4. The colonization of African, Asian and Latin American countries by European powers is driven mainly by one of the following notions of development. Which is it?
a. Development as a social process
b. Development as a moral right
c. Development as a political intervention
d. Development as operation freedom
Answer location: Development: History and Politics
Page Number: 2
5. European nations legitimized imperialism due to all these reasons, EXCEPT.
a. under-development of the colonies
b. search for raw materials in the colonies
c. spread of Christianity in the colonies
d. development of colony’s indigenous cultures
Answer location: Development: History and Politics-Paragraph 2
Page Number: 3
6. Development extended many forms of social engineering to colonies in order to help them develop like the Europeans. These include, all of the following EXCEPT:
a. forced labor schemes
b. schooling
c. segregation
d. annihilation
Answer location: Development: History and Politics (Paragraph 3)
Page Number: 3
7. Development introduced new class relations within the colonies because:
a. The European imperialists ensured that lower and upper class were in constant conflict with each other
b. Colonialism produced new working and middle class citizens with acquired tastes for European values and practices
c. European imperialism undermined the middle-classes and eradicated them
d. Colonialism resulted in a society without class relations
Answer location: Development: History and Politics (Paragraph 3)
Page Number: 3
8. While _____ produced new class inequalities within colonized societies, ______ racialized international inequality.
a. colonialism, industrialism
b. industrialism, colonialism
c. racism, industrialism
d. colonialism, racism
Answer location: Development: History and Politics (paragraph 3)
Page Number: 3
9. The English factory-model called "Lancaster School" was established in:
a. Lancaster
b. Ghana
c. Egypt
d. Sudan
Answer location: Development: History and Politics (paragraph 3)
Page Number: 3
10. One implication of Walt Rostow's work, "Stages of Economic Growth" is that:
a. development is not an evolutionary process
b. development should follow Western model of free enterprise
c. development should create a society in which all are equal
d. development should lead to underdevelopment
Answer location: Development Theory (Paragraph 3)
Page Number: 5
11. The theorization of development as a series evolutionary, linear stages is most associated with the work of____
a. Walt Towsrow
b. Walt Rostow
c. Walt Veigen
d. Immanuel Wallestein
Answer location: Development Theory (Paragraph 3)
Page Number: 5
12. Although the Rostow's "Stages of Growth" represent development as a series of evolutionary stages, it success depended on____
a. political struggle between the Rostow and Marx
b. political alliance between the West and the Soviet Union
c. political context and a development state willing to create and protect free enterprise
d. political leaders unwilling to fight terrorism and other global wars
Answer location: Development Theory (Paragraph 4)
Page Number: 5
13. ____________ stages of growth include the traditional stage, the take-off stage, the drive to technological maturity, and the high mass consumption stage.
a. Wallerstein's
b. Durkheim's
c. Marx's
d. Rostow's
Answer location: Development Theory (Paragraph 4)
Page Number: 5
14. CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY: A major weakness of Rostow's model is that it
a. assumed equal historical relationship between different world regions
b. failed to account for the unequal relationship between the First World and Third World
c. assumed that development is underdevelopment
d. focused on patterns of resource extraction by First World from the Third World
Answer location: Global Context (Paragraph 2)
Page Number: 6
15. Dependency analysis posits that development of the
a. First World occurred at the expense of the underdevelopment of the Third World
b. Third World was delayed because of religious beliefs
c. First World was solely responsible for the underdevelopment of the Third World
d. Third World was spurred by environmental conditions
Answer location: Global Context (Paragraph 3)
Page Number: 6
16. All of the following are associated with dependency analysis, except:
a. Hans Singer
b. Raul Prebisch
c. Andre Gunder Frank
d. Edward Said
Answer location: Global Context (Paragraph 3)
Page Number: 6
17. A model of economic and social development that explains global inequality in terms of the historical exploitation of poor nations by rich ones is:
a. modernization theory.
b. development theory.
c. semi-peripheral theory.
d. dependency theory.
Answer location: Global Context (Paragraph 3)
Page Number: 6
18. In World Systems and Dependency analysis model, the ______ or _____ countries, typically extract resources from _____ or _____ countries
a. semi-periphery or First World, core or First World
b. core or First World, peripheral or Third World
c. periphery or Third World, core or First World
d. core or Second World, peripheral or First World
Answer location: Global Context (Paragraph 3)
Page Number: 7
19. CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY: The main weakness of "Human Development Index" or conventional measures of development such as "Gross National Product" is that they
a. focus mostly on the quantitative effects of development
b. neglect the ecological consequences of development
c. are not consistent with the European vision of development
d. do not measure development at all
Answer location: Ecological Questions (Paragraph 2)
Page Number: 9
20. While the First World refers to developed nations in the Europe and America, the Second World refers to:
a. Nations in South East Asia
b. South Africa
c. Former communist and eastern European countries
d. Canada
Answer location: Social Change (Paragraph 3)
Page Number: 12
21. The UN Declaration of Universal Human Rights in 1948 was instrumental in refining understandings of development because it required states to
a. protect civil rights through a social contract with its citizens
b. sign and adopt international laws about development
c. abide by all human rights regulations
d. protect its vulnerable and poor populations
Answer location: Projects as Historical Frameworks (Paragraph 3)
Page Number: 14
22. The "development project" and "globalization project" are similar in all of these respects, except:
a. both projects focus on the relations between First and Third World
b. both projects are consequences of post-colonialism
c. both projects are examples of idealistic contracts
d. both projects emphasized the important role of the market
Answer location: Projects as Historical Frameworks (Paragraph 3)
Page Number: 14
23. The Arab Spring and the Occupy Movement illustrate which of the following paradoxes:
a. ecological paradox
b. globalization paradox
c. development paradox
d. sustainability paradox
Answer location: Projects as Historical Frameworks (Paragraph 2)
Page Number: 14
24. The fact that the top 1 percent of the world's population owes more than 50 percent of global wealth is a clear illustration of one of the following:
a. ecological paradox
b. globalization paradox
c. development paradox
d. sustainability paradox
Answer location: Projects as Historical Frameworks (Paragraph 2)
Page Number: 14
25. The sustainability project is a response to the development and globalization projects in the sense that it addresses:
a. the benefits of development
b. the social and environmental crises caused by globalization
c. the challenges posed by climate change only
d. the political power vacuums caused by development
Answer location: Projects as Historical Frameworks (Paragraph 2)
Page Number: 14
26. The fact that North Americans consume fast foods that may include chicken diced in Mexico or hamburger beef from cattle raised in Costa Rica illustrates the fact that we have become:
a. Global consumers
b. Global citizens
c. Global clients
d. Global capitalists
Answer location: The Development Experience (Paragraph 1)
Page Number: 15
27. CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY: Eduardo Galeano observation, "advertising enjoins everyone to consume, while the economy prohibits the vast majority of humanity from doing so...”, implies that:
a. access to the world’s material wealth is extraordinarily uneven
b. global consumers are a minority
c. advertising is biased
d. global consumerism is not necessarily a universal aspiration
Answer location: The Development Experience (Paragraph 1)
Page Number: 15
28. Commodity chains phenomena is closely associated with one of the following development theories. Which is it?
a. Dependency Theory
b. World System Analysis
c. Modernization Theory
d. Neo-Liberalist Theory
Answer location: The Development Experience (Paragraph 1)
Page Number: 16
29. In January 2015, Jimmy bought a t-shirt for his son from the Gap store. In April of the same year, he went back to get a different color of the same t-shirt for his nephew only to be told that the t-shirt was out of stock because the producer has changed its style and production site. Jimmy's experience illustrates one of the following features of commodity chains. Which is it?
a. globalization of tastes
b. short-term cycle of production
c. global identity exploration
d. commodification of labor
Answer location: The Development Experience (Paragraph 1)
Page Number: 18
30. The Dutch concept of 'ghost acres" refers to one of these processes. Identify it:
a. commodity chains
b. outsourcing
c. industrialization
d. sustainability
Answer location: The Development Experience (Paragraph 2)
Page Number: 19
31. Development, today, is increasingly about how we survive the future, rather than how we improve on the past.
a. True
b. False
Answer location: Paragraph 1
Page Number: 1
32. Development ends justify its means, regardless of how socially and ecologically disruptive the process maybe.
a. True
b. False
Answer location: Development: History and Politics
Page Number: 2
33. European colonies are undeveloped by self-referential European standards.
a. True
b. False
Answer location: Development: History and Politics (paragraph 2)
Page Number: 3
34. The notion of development was formalized as a project in the mid-seventeenth century.
a. True
b. False
Answer location: Development: History and Politics (paragraph 4)
Page Number: 3
35. The "Stages of Growth" represent development as a reversible, reversible, natural and spontaneous process.
a. True
b. False
Answer location: Development Theory (Paragraph 4)
Page Number: 5
36. Dependency analysis arose as a critique of modernization theory.
a. True
b. False
Answer location: Global Context (Paragraph 2)
Page Number: 6
37. World division of labor is central to World-system analysis.
a. True
b. False
Answer location: Global Context (Paragraph 1)
Page Number: 7
38. The main advantage of "Human Development Index" over conventional measures such as "Gross National Product" is its focus on ecological consequences of development.
a. True
b. False
Answer location: Ecological Questions (Paragraph 2)
Page Number: 9
39. The 'ecological paradox' is one of the blind-spots of development theory.
a. True
b. False
Answer location: Ecological Questions (Paragraph 4)
Page Number: 9
40. The development, globalization and sustainability projects have the same goals.
a. True
b. False
Answer location: Projects as Historical Frameworks (Paragraph 2)
Page Number: 14
41. Briefly explain the statement: "Development's ends justify its means".
a. Students should point out that despite the fact that development entailed significant social and environment costs, its long-term consequences far outweigh the upheavals. Hence indicators of development, such as industrialization and increase in a nation's wealth, became synonymous with progress.
Answer location: Development: History and Politics
Page Number: 2
Type: E
42. What is the difference between development as a "social process" and development as "political intervention"?
a. Varies. Students should point out that in the early part of the 19th century, development was understood, philosophically as an attempt aimed at improving human welfare through various processes (for example through accumulation of knowledge and wealth, as well as improvements in technology. In reality, many European political elites went beyond the narrow definition of a social process, and interpreted development in practical terms, as synonymous with actual intervention in societies through government policies, and attempts at industrialization.
Answer location: Development: History and Politics
Page Number: 2
43.What is the relationship between "White Man's Burden" and development as a project?
a. There is implied racism in the phrase (white man's burden) - i.e., the belief by white imperialists that they had to impose their civilization on blacks colonies, as a precondition for development, in a process that came to be known as modernization.
Answer location: Development: History and Politics
Page Number: 2
44. Explain the statement: "Development involved a relation of power."
a. Development entailed and resulted in the domination of colonial subjects and introduced many social transformations such as new educational systems and agriculture to the colonies, to ensure they serve the interests of the colonists or imperialists.
Answer location: Development: History and Politics (paragraph 3)
Page Number: 3
45. What function did the ‘colonial division of labor’ serve, during the colonial era, and in shaping the terms of reference of the development project?
a. Student should point out that the colonial division of labor was instrumental in the development project to the extent that it created inequalities in production and consumption between the First and the Third World, and used the Third World mainly as sources of raw materials and markets for sale and consumption of finished goods
Answer location: Development: History and Politics (paragraph 3)
Page Number: 3
46. Explain the statement “colonialism and development racialized international inequality and produced racial hierarchies across societies”.
a. Colonialism and its related development project introduced a new division of labor along racial lines, with colonists (mostly non-white) reduced to production and supply of raw materials to the mostly white European imperialists.
Answer location: Development: History and Politics (paragraph 3)
Page Number: 3
Type: E
47. According to World-System analysis theory, the world is stratified according to a global division of labor. Briefly explain this assertion.
a. Varies. World systems and its constituent states thrive on dependency, built around a global division of labor in capital-intensive or knowledge/intellectual production is concentrated in the core or First world countries, while lower-skilled, labor-intensive production in plantation labor, assembly of manufactured goods or routine service work such as call centers are concentrated in the periphery or Third World countries.
Answer location: Global Context (Paragraph 1)
Page Number: 7
48. Briefly explain the “environmentalist’s paradox”:
a. The term environmentalists paradox was coined in the United Nation's 2005 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, to refer to the irony of development: that the last half century of human action has had the most intensive and extensive negative impact on world ecosystems ever, and yet this has been accompanied by continuing global gains in human well-being.
Answer location: Ecological Questions (Paragraph 4)
Page Number: 9
49. What is a commodity chain?
a. Commodity chains refer to the interconnections among producing communities dispersed across the world. The concept allows us to understand that, when we consume a product, such as coffee, we often participate in a global process that links us to a variety of places, people, and resources in many continents, including Africa and Europe.
Answer location: The Development Experience (Paragraph 2)
Page Number: 15
Type: E
50. Briefly explain each of these: development project, globalization project and sustainability project.
a. Varies. The development project occurred in the mid-twentieth-century (1940s–1970s) was an internationally orchestrated program of economic growth in Third World countries, and it involved financial, technological, and military assistance from the US and the Soviet Union. The project saw development as an ideal goal for formerly colonized subjects who have just gained political independence, and needed a model to guide their socio-development efforts. The globalization project took place between the 1970s and 2000s and re-emphasized open and liberal markets across national boundaries, liberalizing trade and investment rules and privatizing public goods and services. The sustainability project is intended to address some of the ills of the globalization project, in particular the effect on climate and the environment.
Answer location: Summary
Page Number: 21
Document Information
Connected Book
Complete Test Bank Development and Social Change 6e with Answers
By Philip McMichael