Canada In The World Exam Questions Chapter 14

CHAPTER 14

Canada in the World

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which term is used to describe an association of nation-states with ties to the United Kingdom?
   1. The Commonwealth
   2. The Monarchy
   3. The Dominion
   4. None of the above
2. What is the term for Canada’s status as an intermediary, rather than a leader, in international affairs?
   1. power link
   2. superpower
   3. middle power
   4. middling nation
3. Which of the following statements about the Canadian Free Trade Agreement is accurate?
   1. It was negotiated alongside NAFTA in the early-1990s.
   2. It covers alcohol and cannabis.
   3. It prevents private businesses from seeking damages if governments break the terms.
   4. None of the above
4. Historically, what has Canada’s approach to foreign policy been defined by?
   1. Its tendency toward hard power and intervention.
   2. Its preference for preserving human security of individuals abroad.
   3. Its need to intervene to protect its own state security.
   4. Its trade and security agreements with China.
5. What is conscription?
   1. mandatory voting during wartime
   2. a constitutional declaration of war
   3. a compulsory military draft
   4. Canada’s military relationship with the United States
6. In the midst of World War II, Prime Minister King made what famous pledge to the House of Commons?
   1. to defer to British leadership for all military decisions
   2. to defer to American leadership for all military decisions
   3. “not necessarily conscription, but conscription if necessary”
   4. “justifying conscription by liberty is one of the most bizarre notions conceived by man”
7. The need to deal with contentious political issues by appearing to satisfy opposing sides in a debate without capitulating to either is known as the ________ approach to international affairs.
   1. Westminster
   2. brokerage
   3. soft power
   4. defeatist
8. Which of the following statements about Quebec’s involvement in global affairs is inaccurate?
   1. Opposition in Quebec delayed the compulsory military draft in both world wars.
   2. Quebec has been the site of more high-profile terrorist incidents than any other province.
   3. Quebec practices paradiplomacy at the Francophonie and Commonwealth tables.
   4. Quebec maintains dozens of government offices throughout the world.
9. Opposition to Canada’s role in the Afghanistan mission was most pronounced in which province?
   1. Quebec
   2. Ontario
   3. British Columbia
   4. Manitoba
10. CSIS and the CSE act as Canada’s ________.
    1. border security agencies
    2. stock market regulators
    3. spy agencies
    4. largest RCMP units
11. Canada and Russia are both members of which international organization?
    1. the Five Eyes
    2. NATO
    3. the G7
    4. None of the above
12. Which of the following statements is correct?
    1. Unlike most other government agencies, the activities of CSIS are not eligible to be scrutinized by Parliament.
    2. CSIS reports to a federal minister and cabinet.
    3. The three civilians who make up the independent Security Intelligence Review Committee (SIRC) monitor CSIS on the public’s behalf.
    4. All of the above
13. The CSE and CSIS share intelligence with counterpart agencies across the globe, known collectively as the:
    1. Toronto 18
    2. Five Eyes
    3. G8
    4. G20
14. The United Nations was formed in ________.
    1. 1919
    2. 1945
    3. 1939
    4. 1970
15. Which of the following countries is not a permanent member of the UN Security Council?
    1. Canada
    2. China
    3. Russia
    4. France
16. What is the elimination of financial and regulatory barriers to allow unfettered market access?
    1. free trade
    2. isolationism
    3. cosmopolitanism
    4. protectionism
17. What is a form of tax applied to imported goods and services known as?
    1. flat tax
    2. tariff
    3. value-added tax
    4. sanction
18. In terms of goods and services, Canada maintains a _____ with the United States and a ______ with all of its remaining partners.
    1. free trade agreement; protectionist approach
    2. free trade zone; tariff zone
    3. trade balance; trade debt
    4. trade surplus; trade deficit
19. The North American Free Trade Agreement was a free trade agreement between which countries?
    1. Canada and the United States
    2. Canada, the United States, and Mexico
    3. Canada, the United States, and Quebec
    4. Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom
20. Which member nation has been suspended from the G8 due to its military action in the Ukraine?
    1. United Kingdom
    2. Russia
    3. United States
    4. China
21. Which of the following is an association of nation-states and regions with French language and cultural connections?
    1. La Cité Libre
    2. La Francophonie
    3. La Ligue Nationale
    4. None of the above
22. In terms of levels of international development assistance amongst G7 members, which of the following countries contributes more than Canada as a percentage of Gross National Income?
    1. Germany
    2. Japan
    3. United States
    4. All of the above
23. Support for military conflict, such as the Afghanistan War, tends to be highest in ________ and tends to be lowest in ________.
    1. Ontario; Newfoundland and Labrador
    2. Quebec; Atlantic Canada
    3. Atlantic Canada; British Columbia
    4. Western Canada; Quebec
24. Which of the following statements about the CUSMA is accurate?
    1. It is time-limited, and expires after 16 years unless it is renewed.
    2. It is goes by different names in the United States (USMCA) and Mexico (T-MEC).
    3. It opened up some of Canada’s dairy market to foreign competition.
    4. All of the above
25. Which of the following is a protectionist concept?
    1. imposing tariffs
    2. imposing non-tariff barriers
    3. imposing “buy American” provisions in stimulus spending initiatives
    4. All of the above
26. Which of the following organizations or agreements has the fewest members or parties?
    1. APEC
    2. OAS
    3. CUSMA
    4. NORAD
27. The primary activities of the Arctic Council involve:
    1. environmental sustainability
    2. military security
    3. navigation and transportation
    4. All of the above
28. In 1988, which of the following federal parties lined up on the side of Canadian jobs, Canadian culture, and the Canadian way of life by opposing NAFTA?
    1. The Progressive Conservatives
    2. The Liberals
    3. The Bloc Quebecois
    4. None of the above
29. Canada emits nearly ________ times as much carbon dioxide as other signatories to the Paris Accord climate deal.
    1. three
    2. ten
    3. twenty
    4. one hundred
30. The landmark Supreme Court case R v. Comeau (2018) involved which of the following internal trade issues:
    1. tariffs placed on Manitoba hydro exports to Ontario
    2. the movement of beer and liquor from Quebec into New Brunswick
    3. the creation of a special tax on BC wine by the government of Alberta
    4. Quebec’s insistence on dual-language labelling on all consumer goods
31. The notion that natural resource bases help define the political cultures of various regions across Canada is supported by:
    1. fragment theory.
    2. the Laurentian thesis.
    3. staples theory.
    4. peak oil thesis.
32. When it comes to Canada-US relations, generally:
    1. partisanship plays no role.
    2. ideology plays no role.
    3. Conservatives and Republicans get along.
    4. Liberals and Republicans get along.
33. Tariffs are a key component of:
    1. free trade agreements, like CUSMA.
    2. internal trade agreements, like CFTA.
    3. protectionist approaches to trade, like the National Policy.
    4. All of the above
34. Which of the following is not generally considered an outcome of free trade?
    1. It can provide domestic exporters with access to foreign markets.
    2. It can increase the cost of most goods for domestic consumers.
    3. It can result in lower labour standards in exporting countries.
    4. It can erode domestic cultural industries.
35. Which of the following is not an element of paradiplomacy in Canada?
    1. Premiers organize their own international trade missions.
    2. The federal government leads most internal trade discussions.
    3. Some provincial governments maintain diplomatic offices abroad.
    4. Some provincial governments sit on international organizations as full members.
36. The G7’s primary objectives surround:
    1. the global economy
    2. global security
    3. human rights
    4. environmental sustainability
37. The Front de Libération du Québec was:
    1. an anti-conscription interest group in the 1940s
    2. a one-man terror cell responsible for the Montreal Massacre in 1989
    3. a terrorist organization responsible for the October Crisis of 1970
    4. a terrorist organization responsible for the Air India bombing in 1985
38. Unlike the Agreement on Internal Trade, the Canadian Free Trade Agreement (CFTA) was struck on exclusion basis. This means:
    1. provinces are automatically part of the deal unless they explicitly opt out.
    2. all goods and services are covered unless provinces all agree to leave some out.
    3. governments can no longer take each other to a tribunal over disputes.
    4. All of the above
39. When Liberals and Conservatives alternate in government at the federal level, what typically changes?
    1. portraits hung in the foyer of the Global Affairs headquarters.
    2. Canada exits or re-enters the Commonwealth of Nations.
    3. Canada exits or re-enters the Francophonie.
    4. Canada opens or closes its embassy in Washington, DC.
40. Which of the following aligns with Canada’s general approach to national security and defense?
    1. Canada has a penchant for multilateralism over unilateralism.
    2. Canada prefers peace-building over military intervention.
    3. Canada seeks to strike a balance between its own sovereignty and the need to align with more powerful military allies.
    4. All of the above
41. Which of the following organizations has the most member states?
    1. United Nations
    2. Commonwealth
    3. NATO
    4. Trans-Pacific Partnership
42. Canada has slipped out of the top ten countries in the UN Human Development report, due in most part to its record on:
    1. women’s empowerment.
    2. health.
    3. education.
    4. environmental sustainability.
43. Which of the following statements about the federal carbon tax is accurate?
    1. households receive an annual rebate, often in the hundreds of dollars
    2. Liberal governments in several provinces challenged the constitutionality of the tax
    3. generally, right-wing parties are supportive of the tax
    4. all of the above
44. Which organization operates under the mantra “open trade for the benefit of all”?
    1. CSIS
    2. UN
    3. NORAD
    4. WTO
45. Besides CUSMA, Canada maintains free trade agreements with:
    1. no other countries.
    2. two other countries.
    3. ten other countries.
    4. more than a dozen other countries
46. In terms of its approach and tactics, Canada’s role on the international stage has been likened to ________ at home.
    1. that of a CSIS agent
    2. that of the Supreme Court
    3. that of Alberta
    4. that of a brokerage party
47. Which of the following is an allowable grounds for provincial governments to pursue their own economic and social objectives in ways that contravene the CFTA?
    1. the preservation of public health
    2. consumer protection
    3. worker’s rights
    4. all of the above
48. Debates over the role of Canada’s military in operations like the Afghanistan War tend to draw divisions along _______ lines.
    1. gender
    2. generational
    3. regional
    4. All of the above
49. A prominent theme in Justin Trudeau’s approach to foreign affairs has involved:
    1. refraining from seeking leadership roles in international organizations.
    2. ending free trade agreements with countries that have poor human rights records.
    3. promoting women’s empowerment on the international stage.
    4. re-establishing a followership role with the UK government, deferring to British decisions.
50. Unlike the G20, the G7 does not:
    1. contain China, Russia, or Saudi Arabia.
    2. involve the European Union.
    3. include representatives from the IMF and World Bank.
    4. All of the above

True or False Questions

With few exceptions, Canadian foreign policy is effectively American foreign policy.

With few exceptions, Canada’s positions on trade, foreign affairs, and climate change are driven by domestic concerns and interests.

The G7 is the world’s largest free trade zone.

Canada’s status as a middle power has allowed it to periodically exert significant influence on issues like global trade and human rights.

Canada leads the world in terms of official development assistance as a percentage of gross national income.

Unlike NAFTA, CUSMA is a 16-year agreement.

The 9/11 terrorist attacks in the United States demonstrated the need for protection against security threats from stateless combatants.

A number of nation-states have left NATO since 9/11.

Each year, Canada welcomes more asylum seekers (refugees) than economic immigrants (skilled workers).

In terms of goods and services, the United States and Canada are each other’s largest trading partners.

After decades of debate, free trade is no longer as high-profile or contentious an issue as it was in 1988.

In 2019, the federal government implemented a levy on fossil fuels known by critics as a carbon tax.

Compared with domestic matters, international affairs rarely factor into Canadian elections.

Of the major federal parties in Canada, the Conservatives in particular have taken pride in a cautious international presence.

NAFTA trade disputes tended to harm Canadian exporters more than they’ve helped.

The Canadian economy relies heavily on investment from companies (and often governments) from other countries.

In general, provincial governments are in favour of freer trade within the Canadian federation; the federal government maintains several barriers, however.

Canadian provinces initiate their own international trade missions, including annual joint trips organized through the Council of the Federation.

Canada’s primary foreign investment body operates through CSIS.

Cap-and-trade is another term for carbon tax.

In most ways, Canada has freer trade with other countries than it does from province-to-province.

Canada has never been a member of the UN Security Council.

Since 2001, Canada has reduced the number of international organizations in which it participates.

The Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA) allows the Canadian government to protect certain cultural industries.

Canada is a member of the Group of Seven (G7) countries, representing some of the world’s most advanced economies.

In terms of defense spending and the size of its standing army, Canada is one of the most militarized countries in the developed world.

Canada’s spy agencies are part of the Five Eyes spy network.

While non-tariff barriers are prohibited by the Canadian constitution, provincial governments have erected sizeable tariffs on goods like tobacco, wine, and beer.

A prevailing approach to carbon pricing involves placing a levy (or tax) on products and services that produce carbon emissions.

China is Canada’s second-largest partner in terms of merchandise trade.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was the impact of World War I and II on the political party system and politics in Canada?
2. Why was NATO formed? What are its core objectives?
3. What did Pierre Trudeau mean when he said, “Living next to you is in some ways like sleeping with an elephant”?
4. What does the Security Council do, and why do some Canadian governments want to be a member?
5. Identify and explain the positive aspects and negative consequences of foreign direct investment in Canada.
6. What is the World Trade Organization and what are its primary functions on the international stage?
7. How does Canada’s status as an exporter nation affect its overall approach to global affairs?
8. Describe the key changes brought about by the passage of the Anti-terrorism Act in 2001, and discuss the amendments made in 2015.
9. What is the Five Eyes and which countries comprise it?
10. What is the role of the UN Security Council, and what is Canada’s role in this organization?
11. What is paradiplomacy and what is its role in Quebec?
12. What are the pros and cons of the Canadian government monitoring its citizen’s internet use?
13. What is the main difference between the Agreement on Internal Trade and its successor, the Canadian Free Trade Agreement?
14. Why do you think alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis are excluded from the terms of the CFTA?
15. In what way could a carbon tax be seen as a right-wing or conservative idea?
16. What are three examples of barriers to free trade among Canadian provinces?
17. Explain how the relationship between Britain and Canada has deep partisan undertones.
18. Using an example, demonstrate how Canada is not immune to migration politics.
19. What are the risks and benefits of giving provinces a more prominent role in international affairs?
20. Explain the main drawbacks of the CUSMA from a Canadian perspective.

Essay Questions

1. When it comes to setting the main objectives of Canada’s foreign policy, commitment to international aid, and military spending, how much depends on which political party is in power in Ottawa?
2. Outline Canada’s path to CUSMA by describing the debates that have occurred over free trade at key points in Canadian history. What changed with transition from NAFTA to CUSMA, and what stayed the same?
3. Compared to trade between Canada and foreign states, internal trade within Canada faces many constraints. What are some of the barriers to free trade within Canada, and what actions have been taken to reduce these barriers? Does these barriers hurt or help the Canadian economy?
4. Canada is often cited by global environmentalists as a major culprit because of high emissions from its agriculture, buildings, oil industry, and transportation. What has the Canadian government done historically to address climate change on a global scale? What are they currently doing?