7e Test Bank Ch.13 Politics, Analysis, And Policy Choice - Public Policy 7th Edition Test Bank by Michael E. Kraft. DOCX document preview.
Test Bank
Chapter 13: Politics, Analysis, and Policy Choice
Multiple Choice
1. The policy-making approach defined as a series of small policy actions that lead to modest and relatively slow policymaking is referred to as ______.
a. strategic policy making
b. rational-economic policy making
c. incremental policy making
d. innovative policy making
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Conflicts and Incremental Decision Making
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. ______ allows policy makers to evaluate the situation while taking incremental policy steps.
a. Decision analysis
b. Rational analysis
c. Policy evaluation
d. Adaptive management
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Strategies With No Crystal Ball
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. Clinton won the popular vote by a margin of over ______ million votes.
a. 1.3
b. 2.9
c. 3.1
d. 4.7
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. Which states were identified as having tried to make registration and voting easier?
a. Oregon
b. California
c. Vermont
d. All of these
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. ______ refers to the ability of government to identify and act on public problems within a reasonable time.
a. Policy analysis
b. Policy capacity
c. Incremental policy development
d. Decentralization
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Improving Policy Capacity
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. The dominant policy-making style in the United States is ______.
a. rational analysis
b. incremental
c. rational choice
d. pluralism
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Conflicts and Incremental Decision Making
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. This group of American citizens is the least likely to vote ______.
a. wealthy individuals
b. college students
c. senior citizens
d. highly educated individuals
Learning Objective: 13-4: Understand the dynamics of policymaking and the opportunities that the policy process presents for citizens to participate in decision making.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Citizen Capacity and Policy Engagement
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. The public can get involved in the policy-making process by ______.
a. joining an interest group
b. voting in elections
c. staying informed
d. all of these
Learning Objective: 13-4: Understand the dynamics of policymaking and the opportunities that the policy process presents for citizens to participate in decision making.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Citizen Capacity and Policy Engagement
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. The ______ has led to more evaluations of public policies and programs, an important way to improve policy capacity.
a. Administrative Procedure Act
b. Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act
c. No Child Left Behind Act
d. Government Performance and Results Act of 1993
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Improving Policy Capacity
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. ______ issues can deal with a range of concerns, from protecting individual freedoms to how the cost and benefits of a program are distributed across the population.
a. Equity
b. Effectiveness
c. Efficiency
d. Administrative feasibility
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Evaluating Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
11. What is the typical result of compromise on policy alternatives?
a. policies that are only partially effective and have continued debate
b. greater public involvement
c. political parties working with greater harmony
d. reduced equity of policy decisions
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Conflicts and Incremental Decision Making
Difficulty Level: Easy
12. ______ is often difficult to evaluate because this criterion relies on assumptions and projections of the future that may or may not come to pass.
a. Equity
b. Efficiency
c. Effectiveness
d. Political feasibility
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Evaluating Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
13. What criterion is most likely to receive increased attention in contemporary policy making as policy alternatives and existing programs are assessed?
a. effectiveness
b. efficiency
c. equity
d. liberty
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Evaluating Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
14. A relatively new form of citizen participation, ______ allows citizens to access government agencies and their policies through various Web sites.
a. policy engagement
b. WWW government
c. e-government
d. authority analysis
Learning Objective: 13-4: Understand the dynamics of policymaking and the opportunities that the policy process presents for citizens to participate in decision making.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: New Forms of Citizen Participation
Difficulty Level: Easy
15. The presidential election of ______ clearly showed that modern Internet technologies facilitate a much greater level of citizen involvement even in national elections and governing.
a. 2004
b. 2008
c. 2012
d. 2016
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
16. Voter turnout in ______ was the highest in decades.
a. 2000
b. 2004
c. 2008
d. 2012
Learning Objective: 13-3: Assess the government’s capacity for problem solving and how it might be improved.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
17. As budget pressures and scarce funding become dominant issues at all levels of government, use of which evaluative criterion has increased?
a. efficiency
b. equity
c. effectiveness
d. political feasibility
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Evaluating Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
18. With regard to policies that address access to quality public education (at K–12 and higher levels), which of the following evaluative criterion is most important?
a. effectiveness
b. political feasibility
c. equity
d. capacity
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Evaluating Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
19. Measuring whether the Economic Stimulus of 2009 has sparked creation of jobs and economic growth is an example of using which evaluative criterion?
a. effectiveness
b. equity
c. administrative feasibility
d. liberty
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Evaluating Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
20. Which of the following evaluative criteria are emphasized in all of the following policy debates: income gap, urban K–12 education, cost of higher education, taxation of wealthy, Social Security benefits, access to health care, and climate change?
a. efficiency
b. feasibility
c. equity
d. effectiveness
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Evaluating Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Hard
21. The world’s population is expected to climb to some 9.9 billion by ______.
a. 2020
b. 2030
c. 2040
d. 2050
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Policy Strategies With No Crystal Ball
Difficulty Level: Easy
22. The Affordable Care Act provided insurance to ______ million that previously lacked it.
a. 10
b. 20
c. 30
d. 40
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Evaluating Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
23. ______ is probably the criterion most likely to receive attention in contemporary policy making.
a. Equity
b. Efficiency
c. Effectiveness
d. None of these
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Evaluating Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
24. The Government Performance and Results Act was passed in ______.
a. 1990
b. 1991
c. 1993
d. 1995
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Improving Policy Capacity
Difficulty Level: Easy
25. The Dodd-Frank Act was passed in ______.
a. 2008
b. 2009
c. 2010
d. 2011
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Improving Policy Capacity
Difficulty Level: Easy
26. About ______ states chose to require a photo ID for voting.
a. 15
b. 20
c. 25
d. 30
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
27. A 2016 Gallup poll found that ______% of Americans favor a photo ID requirement.
a. 70
b. 80
c. 50
d. 40
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
28. The Food Safety Modernization Act was passed in ______.
a. 2008
b. 2010
c. 2012
d. 2014
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Policy Conflicts and Incremental Decision Making
Difficulty Level: Easy
Short Answer
1. Explain citizen capacity.
Learning Objective: 13-4: Understand the dynamics of policymaking and the opportunities that the policy process presents for citizens to participate in decision making.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Citizen Capacity and Policy Engagement
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. How can policy analysis contribute to improving the policy capacity of government?
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Improving Policy Capacity
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. How has technology changed citizen participation?
Learning Objective: 13-4: Understand the dynamics of policymaking and the opportunities that the policy process presents for citizens to participate in decision making.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: New Forms of Citizen Participation
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. Explain policy analysis.
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Analysis and Policy Choices
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. Which criterion is most often emphasized due to economic and fiscal concerns?
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Evaluating Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. What does the Help America Vote Act (HAVA) of 2002 do?
Learning Objective: 13-3: Assess the government’s capacity for problem solving and how it might be improved.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. What arises when policy actors have differing views about the substance of public policies or whether government intervention is justifiable at all?
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Policy Conflicts and Incremental Decision Making
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. What does compromise mean in policymaking?
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Policy Conflicts and Incremental Decision Making
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. What is the dominant style of policymaking in the United States?
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Policy Strategies With No Crystal Ball
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. Which criterion is used to determine how well a policy has lived up to expectations?
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Evaluating Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
11. Which issues and personal freedoms are addressed less frequently?
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Evaluating Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Easy
12. What does Wisconsin’s Act 23 do?
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
13. Why does the policymaking process never end?
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Policy Analysis, Citizen Participation, and Policy Change
Difficulty Level: Easy
14. What did the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 do?
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
15. What do the policy outcomes reflect?
Learning Objective: 13-4: Understand the dynamics of policymaking and the opportunities that the policy process presents for citizens to participate in decision making.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Medium
16. Identify an element of policy capacity.
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Improving Policy Capacity
Difficulty Level: Medium
17. Provide an example of public participation.
Learning Objective: 13-4: Understand the dynamics of policymaking and the opportunities that the policy process presents for citizens to participate in decision making.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: New Forms of Citizen Participation
Difficulty Level: Medium
18. Identify one of the downsides to technological developments.
Learning Objective: 13-4: Understand the dynamics of policymaking and the opportunities that the policy process presents for citizens to participate in decision making.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: New Forms of Citizen Participation
Difficulty Level: Medium
19. Identify one way to strengthen citizen capacity.
Learning Objective: 13-4: Understand the dynamics of policymaking and the opportunities that the policy process presents for citizens to participate in decision making.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Citizen Capacity and Policy Engagement
Difficulty Level: Easy
20. What is one advantage of incremental policymaking?
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Conflicts and Incremental Decision Making
Difficulty Level: Easy
21. What are some limitations of incremental policymaking?
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Strategies With No Crystal Ball
Difficulty Level: Easy
22. Explain how global climate change offers a context in which to consider the relative advantages of incrementalism.
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Strategies With No Crystal Ball
Difficulty Level: Medium
23. Provide a good example of forward-looking and wide-ranging policymaking.
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Policy Strategies With No Crystal Ball
Difficulty Level: Medium
24. What impact can policy analysis have on policymaking?
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Analysis and Policy Choices
Difficulty Level: Medium
25. Provide an example of a program that you believe to be effective.
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Evaluating Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
Essay
1. Why might incremental decision-making be the most suitable way to make policy in the United States?
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Policy Strategies With No Crystal Ball
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. How can citizen participation improve policy capacity?
Learning Objective: 13-2: Evaluate policy proposals and actions for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, among other concerns.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Improving Policy Capacity
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. Select a recent public policy alternative and, to the best of your ability, evaluate it using the criteria of effectiveness, efficiency, and equity. What kind of information might you need? What problems may arise in trying to conduct your evaluation?
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Evaluating Public Policy
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. Discuss some ways the public can be involved in any stage of the policy-making process, including new and emerging ways. How might your input improve the process?
Learning Objective: 13-3: Assess the government’s capacity for problem solving and how it might be improved.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Citizen Participation in Decision Making
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the U.S. federal government’s incremental policy-making approach.
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Policy Strategies With No Crystal Ball
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. In what ways might technology make public involvement in government easier? Develop at least three ways that governments and individuals are utilizing technology to involve citizens in government.
Learning Objective: 13-4: Understand the dynamics of policymaking and the opportunities that the policy process presents for citizens to participate in decision making.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: New Forms of Citizen Participation
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. How does the case of voter ID laws remind us that public policy changes over time?
Learning Objective: 13-1: Describe how policy analysis can clarify the problems and policy alternatives that citizens and policymakers face.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy