1st Edition Full Test Bank History Of Law Enforcement

Test Bank

Criminal Justice: The System in Perspective

Ronald G. Burns

Module 10: History of Law Enforcement

Multiple Choice

1. Some early English communities were assembled into _______, groups of roughly 10 families from which an individual was selected and responsible for organizing any necessary law- and justice-based efforts.

a. hundreds

b. shires

c. tythings

d. frankpledges

2. Sir Robert Peel

a. was the first person arrested for killing a police officer.

b. helped create the first police department in London.

c. created the Bow Street Runners.

d. was the “father of police corruption.”

3. Attempts to address the police corruption found in the political era of policing led to the emergence of the _______ era of policing, also known as the “progressive era” or the “professional era.”

a. community

b. problem-solving

c. homeland security

d. reform

4. The _______, which began in the late 1950s, involved protests against the social, economic, and political inequality of African Americans in the United States.

a. civil rights movement

b. frankpledge shift

c. spoils system

d. war on social problems

5. In which landmark U.S. Supreme Court case did the court specify the conditions under which police officers can stop and question individuals?

a. Mapp v. Ohio

b. Terry v. Ohio

c. Miranda v. Arizona

d. Tennessee v. Garner

6. Which component within the U.S. Department of Justice promotes community policing, for instance through providing funding for local police agencies to hire large numbers of community-oriented officers?

a. U.S. Department of Homeland Security

b. Federal Bureau of Investigation

c. Community Oriented Policing Services

d. Problem-solving Policing Consortium

7. Part of the shift toward centralized law enforcement practices following the 2001 terrorist attacks was the increased use of _______, which are operated by state and local law enforcement agencies, collect information from regional jurisdictions, and may contain only terrorist-related information or information on all types of criminal behavior.

a. fusion centers

b. assessment groups

c. predictive policing networks

d. regionalized consortiums

True/False

8. The practice of having multiple early English families live in close proximity to one another and protecting fellow citizens was known as the shire system.

9. Initially, public opinion of the first police department in London was very high, as the citizens appreciated the safety and protection provided by the officers.

10. Policing in the United States can be traced back to slave patrols, which existed in every Southern colony by 1750.

11. Many of the riots in the 1960s were aggravated by poor police–community relations, a lack of police officer training in response to civil disturbances, and general racial tensions.

12. Community policing emphasizes problem-solving techniques to address the underlying causes of crime, promotes partnerships with various groups, and encourages officers to better interact with the public.

13. The primary elements of community policing include cracking down on drug crime, making more arrests, and the use of incarceration to appease the public.

14. The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 was controversial because it was believed to grant law enforcement too much power to infringe on the rights and freedoms of citizens.

Essay Questions

15. What aspects of early social control efforts in England are evident in today’s social control efforts in the United States?

16. Identify and discuss the primary characteristics of the three eras of policing in the United States.